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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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Subject: Genetics and Plant Breeding × End date: 2023 × Start date: 2023 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STABILITY ANALYSIS OF RICE GENOTYPES UNDER BORO CONDITION
    (Dr.RPCAU, Pusa, 2023) CHHAYA, RUCHIKA; NILANJAYA
    The present experiment was carried out at Pusa Rice farm of Dr. RPCAU, Pusa, Bihar during Boro season of 2021-22 and 2022-23 using 30 rice genotypes in Randomized Block Design with two replications and two dates of sowing under four environments. E1 (10th Dec 2021 sowing and transplanting on 05th Feb 2022), E2 (25th Dec 2021 sowing and transplanting on 20th Feb 2022), E3 (10th Dec 2022 sowing and transplanting on 05th Feb 2023) and E4 (25th Dec 2023 sowing and transplanting on 20th Feb 2023) were the combinations of environments. In ANOVA for all the traits, highly significant variation was obtained due to genotypes sources of variation across four environments. The pooled analysis of variance was also observed to be highly significant for all sources of variation for all the traits. By going through mean performance results we could summarize that E3 and E4 environments were found as better for majority of traits studied compared to other environments. G7, G15, G12 and G22 were good performer for almost all the traits in more than one environment (E1, E3 and E4). It became evident by analysis of sixteen traits across four environments that genotypes which performed better as compared to Gautam € were supposed to be promising one for cold tolerance. These are as follows: G21 was found superior for Length of root at seedling stage, Sterility percentage, Test weight, SPAD value, Proline content and Grain yield (g/plant) whereas G27 and G6 were stable genotypes for Length of shoot at seedling stage, Shoot/root ratio, Filled grains, Days to 50% flowering, Days to maturity, Spikelets per panicle and Relative water content. The ANOVA for stability analysis was highly significant for genotypes (G) for all the traits. Environments €, [E+ (GxE)] and non- linear components were highly significant for majority of traits. On consideration of different stability parameters G27, G21 and G14 seemed to record predictable performance with non-significant S2 di and greater (bi>1) value for majority of traits i.e genotypes were responsive and could be recommended for specific or favourable environments whereas G16, G25 and G7 showed predictable performance with non- significant S2 di and less (bi<1) value for most of the traits i.e it can be suitable for poor or unfavourable environmental conditions. GGE biplot graphical representation inferred that single mega environment existed for Sterility percentage, Filled grains, Plant height (cm), Length of root at seedling stage and Grain yield whereas two mega environments present in case of Length of shoot at seedling stage, Shoot/root ratio, Germination percentage, Sterility percentage, Test weight, Proline content, and Relative water content. However, three mega environments were seen in case of Unfilled grains and SPAD Value. From GGE biplot G and E view suggested that G12, G27 and G22 were ideal genotypes. E1, E2 and E3 environments were most discriminating for selecting rice genotype adapted for the region. These stable genotypes could be utilised in future as parents for crop improvement program for developing cold tolerant rice genotypes at seedling stage and heat tolerant at flowering stage