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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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20211
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Subject: Genetics and Plant Breeding × Author: BAIRWA, KAMALESH × Start date: 2021 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    "GENETIC DIVERGENCE AND VARIABILITY ASSESSMENT IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.) UNDER DIRECT SEEDED CONDITION"
    (DRPCAU, PUSA, 2021) BAIRWA, KAMALESH; SINGH, U.K.
    Present finding work entitled “GENETIC DIVERGENCE AND VARIABILITY ASSESSMENT IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.) UNDER DIRECT SEEDED CONDITION” at TCA, Dholi, Muzaffarpur, Bihar. Rice (Oryza sativa L., 2n=24) basically a monocotyledonous, short day angiospermic plant which is being placed with genus ‘Oryza’ of Gramineae (Poaceae) family. Rice is a main food of the global level & secure food security so variation known are very important to food security. A experiment is conducted with objectives addressing the different problems and experiment is designed with fifteen different genotypes under direct seeded condition at instructional farm in the year 2020 to 2021 to study on genetic variability with different genetic parameters for fifteen different characters like plants height, days 50% flowering & maturity, panicles length, no. of panicle and tillers/plant, test weight, biological yield/plant, no. of grains/panicles, & yield of grain/plant along with observations on per performance. All of characteristics' mean sums of squares were determined to be very significant, suggesting that there was enough variance among genotypes for all of the features. Studies revealed that genotypes IR-64, Sahabhagi Dhan, IR-154, DRR DHAN-44, IR-127367-107-1-B-B, IR-127335-106-2-2-1-1, IR-127290-B-B-293-1 were found as early flowering. These genotypes can be employed to develop early flowering and utilized in breeding programme. Rajendra Neelam showed high yield per plant under direct seed sowing, can be utilized in high yielding lines. Yield of grains/plant was shown to have a strong positive relationship with the no. of panicles/plant, length of panicle, biological yield, and harvest index, and these variables with high heritability & low GA indicate together non-additive and additive genes action. 15 rice genotypes were framed into four clusters by tocher method, contained 12 genotypes in cluster I, and clusters II, III and IV were monogenic genotype each cluster. Among the clusters, high cluster mean was found for grains yields/plant in cluster I, for longer panicles length in cluster II, for 1000 grain weight in cluster IV. In the future breeding programme, selecting genotypes as parents would be beneficial to components of yield.