Thumbnail Image

Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

Browse

20225
Reset filters
Subject: Food and Nutrition × End date: 2022 × Start date: 2022 ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DEVELOPMENT AND IMPACT OF IRON RICH MILLET BASED BAKERY PRODUCTS AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS
    (Dr.RPCAU, Pusa, 2022) CHOUDHURY, SUSHREE SANGITA; Chaudhary, Gitanjali
    Millets are enriched with many health-promoting constituents like proteins, carbohydrates, dietary fibres, fats, minerals and phytochemicals. Along with millets, some pseudocereals also gain their nutritional importance in present scenario due to abundance of proteins, phenolic acids, minerals, amino acids, dietary fibres and unsaturated fatty acids. Generally food use of millets has been confined to only traditional consumers. Therefore, different processing methods of millets was used to develop value-added products which would diversify their food uses. This present investigation was designed to develop iron-rich millet-based bakery products and the impact of developed products on haemoglobin level of adolescent girls (17-19 years). To achieve this objective, millet grains were germinated, milled into flour and millet biscuits were developed by combining them with other raw ingredients. In this present investigation five different types of millet biscuits were developed by taking wheat flour as control. After standardization of biscuits, the organoleptic and physico-chemical analysis were carried out for selection of nutritionally superior millet-biscuit. The organoleptic score revealed that overall acceptability for all the developed biscuits were ranging from 8.26 ± 0.02 to 7.99 ± 0.02 which indicated that all the developed biscuits come under the category of liked very much to liked moderately. Among them T5 was recorded highest organoleptic score with overall acceptability score of 8.23 ± 0.01 next to control. Among all the treatments including control, T5 was nutritionally superior and significant (p<0.05) pertaining to 2.29 ± 0.02 per cent ash, 22.14 ± 0.01g fat, 6.38 ± 0.02g crude protein, 2.39 ± 0.05g crude fibre, 3.95 ± 0.03mg iron; on the other hand control was nutritionally less superior and significant (p<0.05) in terms of 1.79 ± 0.02 per cent ash, 21.15 ± 0.02g fat, 5.62 ± 0.05g crude protein, 1.53 ± 0.05g crude fibre, 2.89 ± 0.02mg iron per 100g when compared with other treatments. Other than this T5 had 4.00 ± 0.01 per cent moisture, 62.80 ± 0.04g carbohydrate, 475.96 ± 0.26kcal energy, 1.44 ± 0.03mg zinc, 104.33 ± 3.52mg total phenolic content, 66.66 ± 0.88mg tannin, 274.66 ± 3.71mg phytate per 100g. Even though T5 possessed higher tannin content and phytate content than other treatments, its level was lower than the maximum acceptable daily intake of tannic acid and phytate for human being. Based on the organoleptic score and iron content, T5 millet biscuit that comprised of 10:10:2.5:7.5:20 ratio of wheat flour, pearl millet flour, foxtail millet flour, finger millet flour, amaranth seed flour was selected for the intervention study. Experimental adolescent girls (30) who fell in the Hb level range of < 8 to 11.9g/dl were intervened with 250g of T5 millet biscuit for a period of 45 days in order to complement 1/3rd of the regular need of iron for adolescent girls. The mean increase of weight i.e. 0.43kg and the mean increase of BMI i.e. 0.18 kg/m2 was observed at the end of intervention for experimental girls. The mean increase of haemoglobin level after intervention of T5 millet biscuit was found to be 1.24 g/dl in experimental girls which indicated the positive impact of millet-biscuit on haematological health of anemic adolescent girls. It was also observed that after 45 days of intervention, 26.67 per cent severe anemic subjects advanced to the moderate anemic category, 43.33 per cent respondents of moderate anemic group were shifted to the mild anemic group and 30 per cent ended up remaining in the category of moderate anemic, however the range of haemoglobin levels increased positively after intervention.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF NUTRI-FOOD ON HEALTH & NUTRITION OF UNDERWEIGHT CHILDREN (12 TO 23 MONTHS) OF FLOOD AFFECTED ZONE OF SAMASTIPUR DISTRICT OF BIHAR
    (Dr.RPCAU, Pusa, 2022) MONGBIJAM, SUSHMA; Kumari, Sunita
    Infants and young children are the most vulnerable group to malnutrition because they have the highest nutritional needs for growth and development and are among the most vulnerable populations in the community. Tira Village, Kalyanpur Block, Samastipur District, was chosen as the site for this study, and only the underweight children were selected from three anganwadi centers. A total of 80 children aged twelve to twenty-three months were divided into two groups as a control group and an experimental group. They were surveyed in the study after many visits and the use of a standard schedule. Weight and height were among the anthropometric measurements taken. These data were processed using WHO child growth standards to calculate the Weight for Height Z score (WHZ), Weight for Age Z score (WAZ), and Height or Length for Age Z score (HAZ or LAZ), and conclusions about children's nutritional status were drawn. Therefore, as an additional feeding for the experimental group, the nutri-food was prepared using wheat, moong dal, powdered sugar, milk powder, and ghee to prevent malnutrition. As a supplementary feeding for the experimental group, nutri-food was made. Its effectiveness was then assessed after feeding and compared with that of the control group. For the control group, the mean weight was 8.47±0.68kg before feeding and raised to 8.76±0.72kg after two months of feeding, with a difference in the mean value of 0.29kg, while the mean height was 76.82±2.72cm before feeding and 77.45±2.70cm after feeding, with a difference in the mean value of 0.63cm. For the experimental group, the mean weight was 8.58±0.75kg before feeding and 8.98±0.77kg after feeding, with a difference in value of 0.40kg while the mean height for the experimental is 76.99±3.27cm and rise to 78.58 ±3.44cm with a difference of 1.59cm. The experimental group increased their weight and height more as compared to the control group, and the result is significantly at (p<0.05). So, it is, therefore, possible to conclude that nutri-food should be used to feed children to reduce malnutrition and to provide good health and development.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    IMPACT OF DIETARY COUNSELLING ON NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF ELDERLY IN BIHAR
    (Dr.RPCAU, Pusa, 2022) KORANGA, AYUSHI; Chaudhary, Gitanjali
    Aging is the process of growing old chronologically. The term aging is often applied to the people of middle age (40 to 60 years) and old age (above the age of 60 years). The health of the people is an important issue defining the health status of a population. Malnutrition in elderly people is very common because daily food consumption decreases with old age.Aging and nutrition has explicit intrinsic relationship. Old age has direct effect on required amounts of nutrients, their absorption and subsequent metabolism. Other factors like feeding difficulty, psychological distress, reduced mobility, being widowed, illiteracy, poverty and poor access to health and social services may also affect the nutritional status of elderly people. Thus, the majority of the health problems are nutrition related and nutrition dependent. Therefore, it is very essential to assess the nutritional status of the elderly people to initiate appropriate nutrition interventions/counselling to prevent or delay the adverse health effects of malnutrition among elderly people. The present study was carried out with the objective to assess the nutritional status and food consumption pattern of the elderly, to impart nutrition education and dietary counseling to the elderly and to study the impact of nutrition education and dietary counselling on the elderly. For this purpose a total of fifty elderly people were randomly selected from Teera village of Jathmalpur panchayat in Kalyanpur block of Samastipur district, Bihar. To fulfill the objective of the study, a well structured questionnaire was developed to extract relevant information from the elderly. After collection and compilation of all the data nutrition education and dietary counselling was given to the elderly people. The selected elderly subjects were given the same interview schedule again after the counselling to know the impact of nutrition education and dietary counselling on nutritional knowledge and also on daily dietary intake of the elderly. The findings of the investigation revealed that out of fifty elderly, 80.0 per cent were females and 20.0 per cent were males. The highest percent of elderly (90.0%) were illiterate and only 10.0 per cent elderly were literate. It was also found that majority of the elderly (58.0%) had low family monthly income i.e. between Rs/10,000-20,000. More females (80.0%) were underweight with mild thinness (67.5%) as comparison to male respondent (60.0%). All the elderly (100.0%) were found vegetarian and majority (44.0%) of the elderly was taking their meal two times in a day. It was also discovered that the elderly's intake of all food items was lower than the Recommended Dietary Intake. In addition, nutrient intake was also lower than Recommended Dietary Allowances. The findings of present study also revealed that females were consuming less amount of food than the males. It was observed that majority of the elderly (94.4%) had poor nutritional knowledge before imparting nutrition education and dietary counselling, while after counselling only 15.6 per cent of elderly had poor nutritional knowledge. The dietary intake of various food groups significantly (p< 0.05) increased and counselling had a positive impact on the nutrient intake of elderly people. The percentage increase in the RDA adequacy of protein, dietary fiber, calcium, iron and β carotene was observed i.e. 10.75 per cent, 16.44 per cent, 5.29 per cent, 8.58 per cent and 13.2 per cent respectively in female elderly. On the other hand in male elderly the percentage increase in the RDA adequacy was reported for protein (6.97%), dietary fiber (9.15%), calcium (5.5%), iron (4.37%) and β carotene (6.72%). The study's findings concluded that lack of nutritional knowledge combined with a low economic status has a negative impact on the nutritional status of the elderly. Proper nutritional knowledge can influence daily dietary intake and also change perceptions toward wrong food consumption practices. This can definitely improve the nutritional status of the elderly.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF NUTRI-FOOD ON HEALTH AND NUTRITION OF LACTATING WOMEN OF FLOOD- AFFECTED ZONE IN SAMASTIPUR DISTRICT OF BIHAR
    (Dr.RPCAU, Pusa, 2022) SEEMA; Kumari, Sunita
    Mothers are nutritionally vulnerable during childbirth and nursing, because they are subjected to numerous nutritional stresses. After giving birth to a child, females secrete milk, which is known as lactation. Lactation period recommended by WHO is six months (exclusive breastfeeding) it can last till 12-months. In rural areas, breastfeeding occurs till two years or more than this. In the present investigation selection of total 80 lactating women (0-2 years) from Tira village in Jatmalpur panchayat under Kalyanpur block of Samastipur district in Bihar, was done randomly. All subjects were divided into two groups, one as control group and another one as experimental group (where each group had 40 subjects). Only experimental group had been provisioned with nutri-food and assessment of weight gain and dietary intake was done for both the groups. An energy dense nutri-food has been standardized in the department of food and nutrition, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar. Per day serving of 130 gram nutri-food gives energy-511kcal, protein-11.5g, and total fats-11 g. This standardized Product had been used in this present investigation to see the impact on the health and nutritional status of lactating women. This was prepared with raw ingredients and distributed 130 gram/ day among the subjects of the experimental group for two months. The impact of this intervention was assessed in terms of improvement in their daily dietary intake, anthropometric measurements and clinical symptoms. The data revealed that before intervention daily intake of all food groups was inadequate in comparison of Recommended Dietary Intake (RDI) in both the groups, control as well as in the experimental group. But after the intervention, in control group, dietary intake remained same, whereas in the experimental group, there were increase in the intake of cereals & millets, pulses & legumes, sugars, and fats & oils. Similarly, before intervention, Intake of nutrients such as energy, protein, fats, carbohydrates, ẞ- carotene, calcium, vitamin-C and iron were also inadequate in comparison of Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) in both the groups. After intervention, nutrient intake remained same in control group, on the other hand, in the experimental group there were increase in the intake of energy (21%), protein (18%), fats (30%), carbohydrates (24%), calcium (15%), and iron (18%). Prior to intervention, subjects of both the groups were having some clinical symptoms such as headache, fatigue, nausea, shakiness, stomach bloating, constipation, problem-sleeping and muscle pain. Whereas, after intervention, subjects of control group had no relief in those clinical symptoms but subjects of experimental group, felt some relief in symptoms after the getting feed for two months, but was not cured completely. Most of the subjects in control as well as in experimental group, were underweight by having different grades of chronic energy deficiency. However, after the intervention of two months, there was slight decrease in the weight of control group by 0.64 per cent. Whereas, weight of subjects in the experimental group was increase significantly (p≤0.05) by 1.02 per cent and their BMI increase significantly (p≤0.05) toward the normal range. Thus, nutrifood intervention proved significant in improving health and nutritional status of lactating women.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    A STUDY ON FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH PREVALENCE OF SEVERE MALNUTRITION IN INFANTS LESS THAN 6 MONTHS OF AGE IN PURNIA DISTRICT OF BIHAR
    (Dr.RPCAU, Pusa, 2022) SETHI, MAMALI; Singh, Usha
    Worldwide 8.5 million infants under 6 months of age are malnourished, while the prevalence in India is estimated 14.8% (The Indian Journal of Pediatrics 87,684- 685, 2020). This age group’s malnutrition is a serious global public health issue. In India wasting (low-weight-for-height) is prevalent in infant under 6 months of age (31.9%) and severe wasting is prevalent in this age group (14.9%), malnutrition in this age range is a critical problem. The likelihood of malnutrition in India is relatively well documented, but there is very minimal information for risk factors of severe acute malnutrition. SAM is one of the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in infants thereby infants under 6 months of age need special attention, physiologically this period represents the transition from neonatal life and mother’s milk is the only source of nutrition. The first 6 months of life are characterized by maximum growth and they are vulnerable to nutrition related events. Many programmes focus on infants over 6 months due to the fact that treating infants less than 6 months of age can be much more difficult than the treating older children. The key recommendation from WHO guideline is to recognize the SAM infants less than 6 months and the simple feeding support and follow up should be offered as first line treatment. Low birth weight (LBW) babies have increased risk of dying in infancy, and those who do survive have an increased risk of mortality and acute malnutrition in infancy and early childhood. Studies indicate that the first 1000 days of life right from conception till first two years of life is regarded as critical window for boosting optimum growth, behavioural development and health. It is better to focus from conception than to depend in any replacement therapy once a deficit has occurred. Yet in many developing countries, poverty, poor nutritional knowledge leads to under nutrition which is the major challenge worldwide. This study was carried out at 98 anganwadi center of Krityanand Nagar block in Purnia District, after several visits 46 SAM infants were enrolled from total population size 212. After screening of all the population it was found that the percentages of SAM infants were 22 percent. To accelerate the study mothers of the SAM infants were selected as respondents and collected all the information regarding infants health status, feeding pattern as well as respondents nutritional status, dietary status, supplementation status, reproductive characteristics, socio-economic conditions, hygiene and sanitary measures, mental status of mother From the study it was concluded that lack of exclusive breastfeeding, age, discarding of colostrum ,lower BMI, age of the mother, Maternal risk factors, lack of adequate birth spacing, poor maternal nutrition during pregnancy and lactation, maternal mental health, low birth weight of the baby, lack of adequate birth spacing, series of illness in the infant, less hygiene, poverty, literacy status, ignorance and lack of adequate knowledge are the combined risk factors for development of SAM in infants under 6 months.