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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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20213
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Subject: Farm, Machinery and Power × End date: 2021 × Start date: 2021 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    FIELD EVALUATION OF SELF PROPELLED POWER PADDY WEEDER
    (Dr.RPCAU, Pusa, 2021) THAKRE, ROHIT; Chandra, Subhash
    The experiment was comprising of performance evaluation of power paddy weeder in local soil of Pusa at three moisture levels of soil and two stages of weed height. The performance of machine was compared with the manual weeding method as control treatment. The field capacity of machine was maximum (0.046 ha/h) in treatment T3 having dry soil. However, in treatment T2 (Wet soil) and T1 (Water inundated), the field capacities were 0.42 and 0.40 hectare per hour, respectively. The maximum field efficiency was reported to be 71.42 % in treatment T1 and minimum 67.64 % in treatment T3. Among all treatments, control treatment (T4) had registered maximum weeding efficiency both at 15 and 30 days after transplanting with values (98.15%) and (97.62%), respectively. Among mechanical weeding operations, treatment T1 had maximum weeding efficiency (78.68%) at 30 days after transplanting and the minimum in treatment T3 (74.29%) at the same time interval. The performance index of machine was reported maximum (185.50) in treatment T3 and minimum was (168.04) in treatment T1, respectively at 30 days after transplanting. The plots with mechanical weeding had edge over manual weeding method in respect of plant growth for all the treatments. The treatment T1 had registered highest plant growth (88.90 cm) at 60 days after first weeding. However, in treatment T2 and T3 plant heights were at par and ranging between 86.20 cm to 86.60 cm at the same time interval after first weeding, i.e. 60 days. In relation to the economics of operation, mechanical weeding for all the treatments were much economical than the hand weeding by khurpi, i.e. treatment T4. A saving of Rs.10137.60 was reported in treatment T3 followed by Rs.9402.32 in treatment T2and Rs.8947.32 in treatment T1 on per hectare basis in comparison to treatment T4 as the control treatment and farmers practice of weeding in paddy. All the crop and economic parameters had proved the superiority of power paddy weeder over hand weeding method for weeding in paddy crop.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MICROCONTROLLER BASED ELECTRO HYDRAULICALLY AUTOMATIC DEPTH CONTROL SYSTEM FOR TRACTOR MOUNTED IMPLEMENTS
    (Dr.RPCAU, Pusa, 2021) SAHU, RAVI KUMAR; Pranav, P. K.
    The tractor is a major source of power among all the sources of power for agriculture as it has diversified applications. The most commonly operations are field preparation, sowing and interculturing. In all those operations, depth is important factor which is most important parameter in precision agriculture. During farm operation for the operator, it‟s very difficult to maintain the recommended depth of operation without any indication and also have point to point variation in agriculture field. Therefore, a project was undertaken to develop a continuous depth measurement and its control system according to the pre-defined value of depth. A rotary potentiometer measured the depth by sensing the rotation of rockshaft of tractors hydraulic which was displayed digitally. A keypad was used to set the desired depth operation by operator. A stepper motor was connected with the position control lever to control the depth according to the signal getting from microcontroller. The microcontroller compares the input of pre-define depth with real time measured depth and sends the signal to stepper motor to lower/raise the depth as per need. The error in the real time depth measurement was 6.05% and 4.58% when evaluated without and with implement respectively in stationary condition. The automatic depth control system was also evaluated with the simulator as well as tractor and found the depth was well within the ±10% of the pre-defined depth.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM BASED REMOTE MONITORING OF FARM MACHINE'S OPERATION THROUGH ANDROID APPLICATION
    (DRPCAU, PUSA, 2021) SHARMA, APOORVA; Pranav, P. K.
    Farm mechanization has a significant role in enhancing the farmer’s income as well as in reducing the human drudgery. The large and medium farmers can afford a tractor and other big machines but the small and marginal farmers are not capable to own it. Seeing these facts, some government and private agencies are continuously promoting the custom hiring centres at various levels. But they have not been as successful because of the poor monitoring of machines. Therefore, a project was undertaken to develop a farm machine’s monitoring system through GPS on smartphone. In first step, an Application named ‘Area Finder’ was developed to make a polygon joining extreme geolocations and to calculate the area of the polygon by uploading a file (in GPX or CSV format) containing the geolocations of a field. The developed Application was evaluated by collecting the geolocations through smartphone GPS. The percentage error in area calculated by ‘Area Finder’ was found up to ± 10% when uploaded the geolocations recorded by smartphone. Further, an Application named ‘GeoLocation’ was also developed to record the geolocations through smartphone GPS as well as to carry out the job of Area Finder at one platform. The error in area calculation was observed up to 20%; however, the error in time calculation was within ±2%. A Garmin GPS was also used in this project which was found to have better accuracy in recording the geolocations. Therefore, it was concluded that, the developed system may give more accurate result if better GPS recording device will be used.