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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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2014 - 20173
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Subject: Extension Education × End date: 2017 × Start date: 2013 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Study on Effectiveness of different Extension Teaching methods under KVK System of Bihar
    (Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur), 2017) Ojha, Pankaj Kumar; Singh, Madan
    Extension education is an informal out of school education designed to help rural people to satisfy their needs, interest and desires. All the extension activities carried out through various extension teaching methods. In another words, we can say that extension teaching methods are the wheels of extension education. This study was mainly focused to explore the effectiveness of various extension teaching methods used by extension functionaries, viz. SMS from KVKs and Agricultural coordinators from state agricultural department of Bihar to train the farmers according to their needs. In general, effectiveness is a measure of the match between stated goals and their achievement. Erlendsson (2002) says that effectiveness as the extent to which objectives are met (‘doing the right things). The Extension Teaching methods are broadly classified into two groups: (1). According to use and (2). According to form. Further use based teaching methods classified into 3 groups like (1). Individual methods, (2). Group methods and (3). Mass methods. Each group has different sub-methods. In this study, we have three groups of extension teaching methods like individual, group and mass contact methods, each group having 7, 10 and 15 methods respectively. We measured the effectiveness of these methods by providing rank order, the ranks were provided by respondents as per their perception. The rank order has been provided through ‘Garrett Ranking Technique’. Beside the effectiveness, we also measured job involvement, job satisfaction and knowledge level of respondents about extension teaching methods. The descriptive type of research design has applied to this study. The three districts of Bihar like Samastipur, Sitamarhi and East Champaran were purposefully selected as locale under the study. Extension professionals like SMS from KVKs and Agricultural Coordinators from department of Agriculture, government of Bihar and farmers equally from selected locale were the respondents of the study. The data were collected through the well structures interview schedule and through face to face interview. Mainly correlation, chi-square tests were used for statistical analysis of the collected data. There were eight independent variables like age, education, service experience, job involvement, job satisfaction, sources of information, sources of income and knowledge level of extension professionals about different extension teaching methods and there was single dependent variable as effectiveness of different extension teaching methods. The analysis revealed that most of the respondents belonged to middle age group. Mostly (60 % and 51.7 %) they were belonged to backward caste. Majority of respondents were male under the study. All the extension personnel are married while 68.3 per cent farmers were married. Majority of respondents were belonged to joint family type. Majority (46.7 %) of extension professionals have small landholdings while majority of farmers have medium sized landholdings. Majority (46.7 %) of extension professionals was found to have M.Sc. (Ag.) or equivalent degree and 26.7 % have Ph.D. degree. Majority (53.3%) of farmers were found to have intermediate level of education. Majority of extension professionals were found to have long (> 10 years) service experience, 90 per cent were found to have salary as a main source of income, most of them frequently used the sources of information like through training (80 %), by farmers’ field visit (93 %), internet (83 %), mobile (77 %) and books (60 %). In case of farmers they were mostly used the sources of information like mobile (91.7 %), TV (76.6 %), radio (71.7 %), and through scientists (90 %). The professionals were found to have good knowledge level of extension teaching aids, extension teaching methods, handling of different teaching methods. Most (62.5 %) of the SMS were found to have medium level of job involvement while 50 % Agricultural Coordinators have high level of job involvement. Majority of SMS were found to have high level of job satisfaction while most (57.7 %) of the Agricultural Coordinators were less satisfied with their job. Farm and home visit, telephonic calls, farmers’ call, adaptive and mini kit trial and farm clinic were found to have frequently used individual contact methods, with respect to group contact method demonstration, leader training meetings, lecture methods, result demonstration and group discussion were frequently used and in context of mass contact bulletins, leaflets, literature, digital training were found to have frequently used by KVKs of selected locale. Farm and home visit, farmers call, method demonstration, internet, agricultural shows, etc. were found effective in acquiring knowledge, skill development and formatting attitude. The extension professionals were stated some constraints during handling of extension teaching methods. The constraints were related to extension teaching aids, extension teaching methods and some personal and psychological traits.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Mushroom Training Programme of R.A.U. – A Critical Analysis of Samstipur District
    (Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur), 2015) Kumari, Priyanka; Prakash, Satya
    Mushroom cultivation is very relevant to developing nations as this may help in alleviation of Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) and also to improve economic standard of the masses. The study based on primary data was conducted in two villages i.e. Thahara and Morsand in Pusa block of Samastipur district. Mushroom, locally known as khumbhi. It is also becoming a source of income generating giving source economic security to the unemployed rural youth in the country. Due to growing health awareness, the demand of mushroom has increased at faster rate, which has created immense opportunity in the field of mushroom production. Owing to its wide market potential and higher good return a good number of rural youth are attracted towards taking it as an entrepreneur. Looking into this, Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa, Bihar established Mushroom Training centre at it’s headquarter at Pusa. The analysis revealed that most of the beneficiaries growers belonged to young age group (53.33 per cent), SC category (67 per cent), literate up to high school and above (60 per cent), medium land holding (13 per cent), annual income medium to high (47 per cent), farmers and cultivators were (40 per cent), High entrepreneurial orientation (53 per cent), high innovative proneness (50 per cent), high level of Risk orientation (60 per cent). Some of the independent variables such as education, size of land holding, entrepreneurial orientation, Risk orientation, innovative proneness, and source of information utilized were found to be statistically significant. The result of the study revealed that level of knowledge among trained beneficiaries was high and markedly different from non-beneficiaries. Adoption level and involvement for income generation among beneficiaries was found to be higher than non- beneficiaries and statistically significant. Hence mushroom training had been successful and had significant impact on mushroom growers and respondents were also impacted by training in enhanced level of awareness, income generating ability, tackling the constraints and maintain profitability and sustainability. Hence training programme need to be given to large number of respondents in order to eliminate their poverty for better livelihood and social and economical recognition.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Impact of Training under Rastriya Sam Vikas Yojana in Samastipur District on Adoption behavior of Kisan Mitra
    (RAU, Pusa (Samastipur), 2014) Singh, Vinod Kumar; Singh, Madan