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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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Subject: Entomology × Author: habiba, Rumi × Start date: 2017 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on population dynamics and management of whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum on chrysanthemum under polyhouse conditions
    (Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur), 2018) habiba, Rumi; Singh, Mukesh Kumar
    Population dynamics of whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) and its management through use of synthetic insecticides (Profenophos @ 500 g a.i./ha, deltamethrin @ 10 g a.i./ha, imidacloprid @ 20 g a.i./ha, thiacloprid @ 20 g a.i./ha, thiamethoxam @ 20 g a.i./ha and buprofezin @ 10 g a.i./ha) and botanical insecticides (neem oil @ 5%, neem oil @ 2%, karanj oil @ 5 %, karanj oil @ 2%, neem seed kernel extract (NSKE) @ 5%, and yam bean seed extract (YBSE) @ 5%) in chrysanthemum variety ‘Aris’ was studied at Hi-Tech Horticulture Unit of Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa during Rabi 2017-18. Whitefly population was present on the crop throughout the cropping period. In the beginning, the whitefly population was low (4.72 whitefly/ three leaves) and reached to 67.26 whitefly/three leaves in the 49th SMW of December, 2017. Thereafter, whitefly population decreased continuously and the minimum population (22.66 per three leaves) was observed at the end of cropping season. The temperature (maximum and minimum) had a negative correlation with whitefly population while relative humidity in morning (7.00 hrs) had a positive correlation and the evening relative humidity (14.00 hrs) had a negative correlation. The weather parameters were found to contribute around 53.80 per cent impact on population of whitefly when acted together (R2 =0.5380). The mean per cent reduction over control in whitefly population by synthetic insecticides after first spray varied among the treatments. It was maximum (59.80%) in imidaclorprid treatment @ 20 g a.i./ha closely followed by profenophos @ 500 g a.i./ha (54.24%) and buprofezin @ 10 g a.i./ha (51.91%). After second spray, the mean per cent reduction was again maximum in imidacloprid treatment @ 20 g a.i./ha (63.43%) closely followed by profenophos @ 500 g a.i./ha (57.04%), buprofezin @ 10 g a.i./ha (54.41%) and thiacloprid @ 20 g a.i./ha (52.60%). Deltamethrin treatment @ 10 g a.i./ha recorded lowest mean per cent reduction (44.75%) in whitefly population. All the botanical insecticidal treatments were also significantly superior to untreated control in reducing the whitefly population on chrysanthemum. The mean per cent reduction over control in whitefly population varied from 30.84 - 47.65% after first spray, from 34.54 – 51.26 % after second spray and 41.84 to 55.69 % after third spray. Neem oil (5%), neem oil (2%) and NSKE (5%) were superior over other insecticidal treatments. All the synthetic insecticides were significantly superior over untreated control in increasing the yield of chrysanthemum flowers. The mean yield varied from 11.80 to 13.33 q/ha in insecticide treated plots. The increase in yield varied from the maximum of 3.00 q/ha in imidacloprid @ 20 g a.i./ha to the minimum of 1.50 q/ha in deltamethrin @ 10 g a.i./ha showing a corresponding increase of 29.12 and 14.56%, respectively. The cost - benefit ratio was found maximum in imidacloprid @ 20 g a.i. /ha (1:8.57) closely followed by profenophos @ 500 g a.i/ha (1:7.11) and buprofezin @ 10 g a.i. /ha (1:6.50). Deltamethin treatment@ 10 g a.i./ha recorded lowest cost benefit ratio (1:3.81). In botanical insecticides treated plots, the mean yield of chrysanthemum flowers varied from 11.53 to 12.32 q/ha. The increase in yield varied from the maximum of 1.67 q/ha in neem oil @ 5% to the minimum of 0.88 q/ha in karanj oil @ 2% showing a corresponding increase of 15.68 and 8.26% in yield of chrysanthemum cut flowers under polyhouse conditions. The cost -benefit ratio was found maximum in neem oil @ 5 % (1:6.32) closely followed by NSKE @ 5% (1:4.63) and neem oil @ 2 % (1:4.26)