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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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2015 - 20182
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Subject: Agronomy × Author: Kumari, Pooja × End date: 2018 × Start date: 2015 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Integrated nutrient and weed management on growth, yield and quality of aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.)
    (Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, 2018) Kumari, Pooja; Roy, D. K.
    A field experiment entitled “Integrated nutrient and weed management on growth, yield and quality of aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.)” was carried out at Crop Research Centre of Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar (India) during kharif seasons of 2016 and 2017 to evaluate the effect of integrated nutrient and weed management practices on growth, yield, weed dynamics, quality and economics of aromatic rice. The soil of the experimental field was clay loam with alkaline reaction, normal EC, low organic carbon, available Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium. The experiment was carried out in split plot design with three replications. The two factors under study comprised of integrated nutrient management in Main plots i.e. N0-Control, N1-50% RDN through inorganic source + 50% RDN through vermicompost, N2-75% RDN through inorganic source + 25% RDN through vermicompost and N3-100% RDN through inorganic source and integrated weed management in Sub-plots consists of W1 – Pretilachlor 1.5 kg/ha (P.E.) + Bispyribac sodium 20 g/ha at 20 DAT, W2 – Pretilachlor 1.5 kg/ha (P.E.) + 1 HW at 20 DAT, W3 - Weed free (2 HW at 20 & 40 DAT) and W4-Weedy check. The rice variety used was Rajendra Bhagawati and recommended fertilizer dose was 120-60-40 kg/ha N-P-K, respectively. Other crop management practices were performed as per standard package of practices. Growth parameters viz. plant height, number of tillers, dry matter production and crop growth rate were recorded at different crop growth stages. Likewise, yield and yield attributes (number of panicles/m2, panicle length, No. of grains /panicle, test weight, grain yield, straw yield and harvest index) were recorded at harvest. Weed parameters (weed population/m2, weed dry weight, weed control efficiency and weed index), physico- chemical properties (initial and post-harvest Soil pH, EC, organic carbon, available N, P and K in soil, N, P, K and Zn content and uptake by crop and weeds), various qualitative indices viz. protein content, hulling %, milling %, head rice recovery, kernel length, kernel breadth and shape index before and after cooking, kernel elongation ratio, kernel elongation index, volume elongation ratio and economics (cost of cultivation, gross returns, net returns and Benefit-Cost ratio) were also worked out. The data on various aspects in this study on response of rice to different integrated nutrient and weed management practices were analyzed through standard statistical methods and logical conclusions were drawn. Among different nutrient and weed management practices, higher growth parameters, yield attributes, yield, nutrient uptake by crop and lowest weed parameters except weed control efficiencywere found in 50 % RDN through inorganic + 50% RDN through vermicompost in integrated nutrient management and weed free (2 HW at 20 & 40 DAT) under integrated weed management practices . No significant variation was observed with different nutrient and weed management practices in case of crop growth rate at harvest, length of panicle, test weight, harvest index, nutrient content in crop & weeds and quality parameters of crop during both the years of study and in pooled mean. The highest gross returns was found in 50% RDN through inorganic source + 50% RDN through vermicompost in integrated nutrient management and in weed free (2 HW at 20 & 40 DAT) under integrated weed management practices. However, the highest net returns and B: C ratio was found in 100% RDN through inorganic source which was statistically at par with 75 % RDN through inorganic source + 25 % RDN through vermicompost only and was found significantly superior over 50% RDN through inorganic source + 50% RDN through vermicompost and control in integrated nutrient management and under integrated weed management practices,the highest net returns and B: C ratio was found inPretilachlor 1.5 kg/ha (P.E.) + Bispyribac sodium 20 g/ha at 20 DAT which was statistically at par withPretilachlor 1.5 kg/ha (P.E.) + 1 HW at 20 DAT and weed free (2 HW at 20 & 40 DAT).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Weed management in direct seeded rice under rainfed lowland ecosystem
    (Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur), 2015) Kumari, Pooja; Singh, J. P.
    A field experiment entitled “Weed management in direct seeded rice under rainfed lowland ecosystem” was carried out at the Agricultural Research Farm, Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar (India), during kharif season of 2014to evaluate the efficiency of different herbicides and their impact on yield and economic of direct seeded rice. The soil of the experimental field was calcareous (clay- loam) with pH 8.43. It was moderately fertile being low in organic carbon (0.46 %), available nitrogen(242 kg N ha-1),phosphorus (18.38 kg P2O5 ha-1) andpotassium (111 kg K2O ha-1). The factors under study comprised of 12 weed management treatments on direct seeded rice. T1-Weedy check, T2-Weed free(3 hand weedings at 20,40 and 60 DAS), T3-Pendimethalin 1 l/ha(2 DAS) fb Bispyribac-Na 30 g/ha + Azimsulfuron 30 g/ha in tank mix (20 DAS), T4-Pendimethalin 1 l/ha(2 DAS) fb Bispyribac-Na 30 g/ha + Azimsulfuron 15 g/ha in tank mix (20 DAS),T5-Pendimethalin 1 l/ha(2 DAS) fb Bispyribac-Na 15 g/ha + Azimsulfuron 30 g/ha in tank mix (20 DAS), T6-Pendimethalin 1 l/ha(2 DAS) fb Bispyribac-Na 15 g/ha + Azimsulfuron 15 g/ha in tank mix (20 DAS), T7-Pendimethalin 1 l/ha(2 DAS) fb Pendimethalin 1 l/ha + Bispyribac-Na 30 g/ha in tank mix (20 DAS), T8-Pendimethalin 1 l/ha(2 DAS) fb Pendimethalin 1 l/ha + Bispyribac-Na 15 g/ha in tank mix (20 DAS), T9-Bispyribac-Na 30 g/ha + Pyrazosulfuron 25 g/ha in tank mix (20 DAS), T10-Bispyribac-Na 30 g/ha + Ethoxysulfuron 18.5 g/ha in tank mix(20 DAS), T11-Pendimethalin 1 l/ha (2 DAS) fb Bispyribac-Na 30 g/ha (20 DAS) + Hand weeding (40 DAS), T12-Brown manuring with Sesbenia aculeate at 35 DAS.The experiment was conducted in RBD design and was replicated thrice taking rice variety Swarna Sub-1 as a test crop with RDF- 80-40-20-25 kg N-P2O5-K2O-ZnS04 per ha, respectively.Other crop management practices were performed as per standard package of practices.Among different weed management treatments on direct seeded rice, T2-Weed free (3 hand weedings at 20,40 and 60 DAS) had registered the maximum growth, yield attributes and yield of direct seeded rice, which remain comparable to T11-Pendimethalin 1 l/ha (2 DAS) fb Bispyribac-Na 30 g/ha (20 DAS) + Hand weeding (40 DAS), T3-Pendimethalin 1 l/ha (2 DAS) fb Bispyribac-Na 30 g/ha + Azimsulfuron 30 g/ha in tank mix (20 DAS), T5-Pendimethalin 1 l/ha (2 DAS) fb Bispyribac-Na 15 g/ha + Azimsulfuron 30 g/ha in tank mix (20 DAS), T4-Pendimethalin 1 l/ha (2 DAS) fb Bispyribac-Na 30 g/ha + Azimsulfuron 15 g/ha in tank mix (20 DAS), and T12-Brown manuring with Sesbenia aculeate at 35 DAS.The maximum weed control efficiency and lowest weed population, weed dry weight andweed index were recorded under treatment T2-Weed free(3 hand weedings at 20,40 and 60 DAS).The maximum nutrient content and nutrient uptake were registered under T2-Weed free (3 hand weedings at 20,40 and 60 DAS). The highest net return gained withT12-Brown manuring with Sesbenia aculeate at 35 DAS, which was significantly superior over T2-Weed free (3 hand weedings at 20, 40 and 60 DAS) and T1-Weedy checkwhich wasstatistically at par with rest of the treatments and benefit : cost ratio was also obtained maximum under T12- Brown manuring with Sesbenia aculeate at 35 DAS and significantly superior to rest of the treatments. On the basis one year data, among different weed management treatments applied on direct seeded rice, T3-Pendimethalin 1 l/ha (2 DAS) fb Bispyribac-Na 30 g/ha + Azimsulfuron 30 g/ha in tank mix (20 DAS) had efficiently control the complex weed flora.T2-Hand weeding (Thrice) was found best interms of yield and yield attributing characters and T12-Brown manuring with Sesbenia aculeate at 35 DAS was found superior in terms of economics.