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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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Subject: Agronomy × Author: Bhargaw, Piyush Kumar × End date: 2020 × Start date: 2018 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Integrated Weed Management in Dry Direct Seeded Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
    (Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, 2018) Bhargaw, Piyush Kumar; Roy, D. K.
    A field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2017 at the research farm of Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar to study the“Integrated Weed Management in Dry Direct Seeded Rice (Oryza sativa L.)”. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Block Design having 10 treatments. T1 -Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha at 0-2 DAS fb Bispyribac-Na @ 25 g/ha at 20 DAS, T2 - Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha at 0-2 DAS fb two hand weedings at 20 & 40 DAS, T3 - Stale seedbed using Glyphosate @ 1 kg/ha at 10 DBS fb Bispyribac-Na @ 25 g/ha at 20 DAS, T4 - Stale seedbed using Glyphosate @ 1 kg/ha at 10 DBS fb Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha at 0-2 DAS fb Bispyribac Na @ 25 g/ha at 20 DAS, T5 - Mulch @ 5 t/ha (By wheat straw) fb Bispyribac-Na @ 25 g/ha at 20 DAS fb one hand weeding at 40 DAS, T6 - Stale seedbed using Glyphosate @ 1 kg/ha at 10 DBS fb Mulch @ 5 t/ha (By wheat straw) fb Bispyribac-Na @ 25 g/ha at 20 DAS, T7 - Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha at 0-2 DAS &Sesbania co-culture fb 2,4-D Na salt @ 0.5 kg/ha at 20 DAS fb one hand weeding at 40 DAS, T8 - Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha at 0-2 DAS fb 2,4-D Na salt @ 0.5 kg/ha at 20 DAS fb one hand weeding at 40 DAS, T9 - Weed free (By hand weedings at 20, 40 & 60 DAS) and T10 - Weedy check with three replications. The rice variety used was Rajendra Bhagwati. All the weed management practices both hand weeding or herbicidal treatments had reflective effect on growth and yield attributes as well as the ultimate yield as reflected in their superiority over the weedy check. Hand weedings at 20, 40 and 60 DAS was found significantly superior over all the integrated weed management practices. Amongst herbicidal treatments Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha at 0-2 DAS fb two hand weedings at 20 and 40 DAS was superior to rest of herbicidal treatments which wasstatistically at par with treatment Stale seedbed using Glyphosate @ 1 kg/ha at 10 DBS fb Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha at 0-2 DAS fb Bispyribac Na @ 25 g/ha at 20 DAS,Mulch @ 5 t/ha (By wheat straw) fb Bispyribac-Na @ 25 g/ha at 20 DAS fb one hand weeding at 40 DAS and Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha at 0-2 DAS fb 2,4-D Na salt @ 0.5 kg/ha at 20 DAS fb one hand weeding at 40 DAS, recorded top advert in almost all the crop growth stages and yield attributing characters and also in the yield of grain. The results affecting to weed population, weed dry weight and nutrient uptake by crop and weeds separately were a close consideration of growth and yield pattern whereas hand weeding which was significantly superior to all the treatments. Amongst herbicidal treatments, Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha at 0-2 DAS fb two hand weedings at 20 & 40 DAS was superior to rest of all herbicidal treatments. The highest weed control efficiency (76.26%) and the lowest weed index (3.71%) was found significantly superior in treatment Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha at 0-2 DAS fb two hand weedings at 20 & 40 DAS. Protein content in grain was similar in all the treatments except the weedy check in which it was significantly lower. The most evident part of the results rested in its economic studies, where in all the herbicidal treatments either pre-emergence applications or combination of pre and post emergence applications got higher net return and scored better B:C ratio. Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha at 0-2 DAS fb 2,4-D Na salt @ 0.5 kg/ha at 20 DAS fb one hand weeding at 40 DAS (`32,244/ha) retained the highest net return which was statistically at par with Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha at 0-2 DAS fb two hand weedings at 20 and 40 DAS (`31,997/ha), Weed free (`31,080/ha), Stale seedbed using Glyphosate @ 1 kg/ha at 10 DBS fb Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha at 0-2 DAS fb Bispyribac Na @ 25 g/ha at 20 DAS (`30,482/ha) and Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha at 0-2 DAS fb Bispyribac-Na @ 25 g/ha at 20 DAS (`30,229/ha). As against these treatments, the net return realized by weedy check was lowest (`12,777/ha). The B:C ratio further broadened the gap between manual weeding and herbicidal applications. The highest B:C ratio of 1.0 was recorded from pre-emergence application of Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha at 0-2 DAS fb Bispyribac-Na @ 25 g/ha at 20 DAS which was statistically at par with Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha at 0-2 DAS fb 2,4-D Na salt @ 0.5 kg/ha at 20 DAS fb one hand weeding at 40 DAS (0.97), Stale seedbed using Glyphosate @ 1 kg/ha at 10 DBS fb Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha at 0-2 DAS fb Bispyribac Na @ 25 g/ha at 20 DAS (0.94) and stale seedbed using Glyphosate @ 1 kg/ha at 10 DBS fb Bispyribac-Na @ 25 g/ha at 20 DAS (0.90).