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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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20211
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Subject: Agricultural Biotechnology × Author: KUMARI, MANISHA × End date: 2021 × Start date: 2021 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENOME WIDE CHARACTERIZATION AND EXPRESSION PROFILING OF AP2/EREBP TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR TO ABIOTIC STRESS IN MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)
    (DRPCAU, PUSA, 2021) KUMARI, MANISHA; Singh, Ashutosh
    The transcription factors APETALA2/ETHYLENE-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN (AP2/EREBP) are one of the largest and most conserved gene families in plants, and they play critical roles in abiotic stress response. However, very limited information available about the AP2/EREBP family genes in maize. In this context, a genome-wide survey was done to identify the AP2/EREBP genes in maize (Zea mays L.), and total 54 AP2/EREBP family of genes were identified. The distribution of these 54 genes were irregular on the 10 chromosomes of maize. The phylogenetic analysis conducted for these 54 genes of AP2/EREBP TFs and it divided into ten groups, namely groups I to X. To study the role of AP2/EREBP group of genes in drought and salt stress at seedling stage of maize. The two contrasting inbred lines (BTM-6 and BTM-14) were chosen for gene expression study. The inbreds were grown in pot. The fourteen days old seedlings were exposed to 20 % PEG (3h and 6h) and 200Mm NaCl (3h and 6h) for drought and salt treatments respectively. The mRNA of each treatment of 14 days old seedlings extracted in two replication and cDNA synthesized. The differential expression was performed using qRT-PCR and result clearly revealed that under drought stress GRMZM2G013657_P01, GRMZM2G021573_P01 and GRMZM2G022359_P01 were unregulated after 6 hour of drought treatment in cultivar BTM-14.GRMZM2G028151_P01, GRMZM2G076602_P01 and GRMZM2G086573_P01 were up-regulated after 6 hour salinity treatment in cultivar BTM-6. In case of GRMZM2G073982_P01 under drought treatment up- regulated in both 3 hour and 6 hour in cultivar BTM-14 and under 6 hour salinity treatment in cultivar BTM-6. GRMZM2G076602_P01 was up regulated after 3 j hour and 6 hour of drought treatment. GRMZM2G113078_P01 showed up regulation under drought treatment at 3 hour and 6hour in both cultivar (BTM-6 and BTM-14) and at 3 hour salinity treatment up-regulation was observed and at 6 h down regulation were observed in cultivar BTM-14. The expression study clearly showed the AP2 gene family have role in drought and salinity stress. The two inbreds are contrasting for heat and drought stress, So it respond differently.