Loading...
University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.
Browse
2885 results
Search Results
ThesisItem Open Access IDENTIFICATION OF CROSSABILITY BARRIERS IN INTERSPECIFIC CROSSES OF SESAME(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-07) TARIHAL, RAMESH; SRIDEVI, O.ThesisItem Open Access AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF SELECTED AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS IN TUNGABHADRA PROJECT AREA, KARNATAKA(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-07) YERRISWAMY, J.; HUGAR, L. B.The study was undertaken (1997-98) in Tungabhadra Project (TBP) area to assess the selected agricultural systems which were identified on die basis of adquacy of irrigation water and period of practice of irrigated agriculture namely (i) Ancient Irrigated Agricultural System (AIAS) which is under irrigation fi-om the period of Vijaynagara empire (last 3-4 centuries) with assured supply of water (ii) Highly Intensive Agricultural System (HIAS) under irrigation for die last 4 decades with assured supply of water and (iii) Semi-Intensive Agricultural System (SIAS) under irrigation for the last 2-3 decades with inadequate water supply. The cropping pattern was found to be highly diversified in SIAS and AIAS whereas monoculture of paddy was noticed in HIAS. The cropping intensity as well as cultivable land use index were also higher in AIAS over HIAS indicating higjier land use efficiency in AIAS. The input use pattern in paddy clearly revealed that the cost on plant protection chemicals and chemical fertilizers formed the major components of total cost in HIAS and SIAS while the cost on labour in AIAS. The net returns of kharif paddy was found to be higher in AIAS (Rs. 20,002/ha), compared to HIAS (Rs. 17,408/ha) and SIAS (Rs. 14,402/ha) mainly due to higher cost on plant protection chemicals and fertilizers in HIAS. The resource use efficiency of fertilizers and plant protection chemicals indicated their excess use in paddy cultivation under HIAS and SIAS. It is worth noting that the intensity of all selected indicators namely, cropping intensity, irrigation intensity, plant protection chemicals use intensity, fertilizer use intensity, high yielding variety seeds use intensity, machine power use intensity, commercial crops intensity and labour use intensity were found to be higher in HIAS except organic manure use intensity which was found to be higher in AIAS. Intensity of other resources found to be moderate in AIAS. Intensity of all indicators were lower in SIAS in view of risk of irregular and inadequate supply of canal irrigation water. The Composite Efficiency Index (CEI) as well as Composite Yield Index (CYI) of AIAS was found to be higher indicating its efficiency as compared to other systems. The position of socio-economic status of sample farmers in both HIAS and AIAS appears to be better than those in SIAS. The practice of agriculture in AIAS with higher use of organic manures, appropriate crop rotations and less use of plant protection chemicals appears to be sustained over years in terms of higher composite yield index. Hence, fanners under HIAS and SIAS needs to be educated with such practices of sustainable agricultural system as well as to improve their socio economic status.ThesisItem Open Access ECONOMICS OF PROCESSING AND MARKETING OF RICE IN TUNGABHADRA PROJECT AREA, KARNATAKA(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-07) KOUJALAGI, ANILKUMAR P.; HUGAR, L. B.In general, the performance of large size rice mills was better than medium and small size rice mills, in terms of procurement costs, outturn, power consumption and returns, indicating economies of scale and their viability. The pattern of procurement of paddy indicated that rice mills procured highest quantity of paddy from farmers through commission agents (61.75%). The disposal pattern of rice revealed that small (44.72%) and medium (42.51%) size rice Mills sold their major quantity of output to the markets located within the state while large size rice mills (60.00%) resorted to the markets outside the state and country through brokers. Therefore, the association of rice millers for export of rice may give better dividend than depending on brokers. The processing cost was found to be higher in large size rice mills (Rs. 701.26/q.), compared to medium (Rs. 608.54/q.) and small (Rs. 558.60/q) size rice mills. Of the total processing cost, variable cost formed major component (96.56%) in all the categories of rice mills. The net returns per quintal of output obtained were higher in large size rice mills (Rs. 121.33), compared to other categories of rice mills. Further, business ratio analysis showed that large size rice mills earned higher profit than small and medium size rice mills. However, the capacity utilization in an the categories of mills was poor (53.49%) mainly due to irregular power supply and inadequate supply of raw material. The power consumption decreased with the increase in the size of the mill As the rate of outturn of headrice increased with the size of the mill, small and medium size rice mills may, by processing more quantity, improve their recovery percentage. The actual production of output in all the categories of mills was more than the break-even volume of output As per the perceptions of rice millers, the present levy system is not benefrcial either to the Government or to the millers. So, there is a need to rationalize the existing levy system as well as lifting of trade barriers which would reduce corruption and malpractices and thereby provide favourable environment for rice trading. To improve the transportation facility and to reduce cost of transportation, establishment of co-operative transport service societies can be thought of.ThesisItem Open Access AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT IN COTTON IN RAICHUR DISTRICT, KARNATAKA.(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-07) VEERAPUR, M.S.; HUGAR, L. B.The study on economics of integrated pest management technology in cotton production in Raichur district of Kamataka was takenup where large scale demonstrations were carriedout by the scientists of University of Agricultural Sciences (Dharwad), Raichur campus in collaboration with Kamataka State Department of Agriculture and Cotton Corporation of India. During the demonstration year of 1997-98, the total cost of cultivation of cotton in IPM farmers was 21.11 per cent less than Non-IPM farmers mainly due to savings (67.19%) in plant protection chemicals. This savings (Rs. 5662,Tia) when projected to the area under cotton in Raichur district (43,255/ha) would amount to Rs.24.48 crores annually. The net returns in IPM farmers (Rs.29,783.44;'ha) ^^'as significantly higher than Non-IPM farmers (Rs.l6,803/ha) mainly due to increase in yield (16.62%) on one hand and decrease in total cost of cultivation on the other. The analysis of resource use efficiency indicated that the plant protection chemicals significantly influenced the yield on cotton in IPM farmers, while it was negative and non-significant in the case of Non-IPM farmers. Further, the ratio of MVP to MFC being 00.98 clearly indicated that the plant protection chemicals were optimally used by IPM farmers. In the case of Non-IPM farmers, not only the regression coefficient of plant protection chemicals was negative (-0.15) but also the ratio of MVP to MFC was less than one indicating its excessive use. The decomposition analysis revealed that the net contribution of IPM technology in promoting output was 32.73 per cent and it declined to 16.89 per cent in the subsequent year. In the second year of the study (1998-99) when the agencies supporting the IPM demonstration were withdrawn, the extent of adoption of IPM components declined while use of chemical pesticides increased resulting in decline in yield (7.96%) and net returns (24.91%). Non availability of IPM components was the major reason for non-adoption followed by withdrawal of regular technical know-how from University of Agricultural Sciences / Kamataka State Department of Agriculture and non-supply of inputs by demonstrating agencies. Therefore, it is suggested to strengthen the existing system with the subject experts under Kamataka State Department of Agriculture as well as University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad to take up regular monitoring of cotton pests and consultancy along with establishment of production units for multiplication and distribution of IPM components for effective management of pests in cottonThesisItem Open Access ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF Pandanus spp. AS AN INTERCROP IN COCONUT GARDENS OF KERALA(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-07) CHITHRA GOPAL, R. S.; HIREMATH, G. K.The coconut palm plays an important role in the economic, social and cultural activities of the people of India. In Kerala, about 5 million families depend on coconut for livelihood. With the spread of debilitating root (wilt) disease, both production and productivity are drastically affected which has resulted in taking up intercrops in coconut gardens. In the coastal areas where there is no feasibility of raising other intercrops, Pandanus is taken up as an intercrop in coconut gardens, the leaves of which are used by farm women for weaving mats. The study was conducted on two economically important species viz., Pandanus amaryllifolius and Pandanus veitchii, the leaves of which are used for single layer and double layer mat making, respectively. A multistage sampling procedure was adopted for the selection of samples. Both financial and tabular analvses were used to arrive at the results. An analysis of financial feasibilities of investment in coconut (monocropping) and coconut + Pandanus (intercropping) favoured the intercropping in general and coconut + P. amaryllifolius in particular. The study revealed that a producer engaged in single layer mat making produced 115 mats per year. The net returns worked out to be Rs.2116 per year for a producer.A producer engaged in double layer mat making produced 50 pairs of unfinished mats in a year realising a net return of Rs.2650 annually. The study revealed the extraordinary influence and influx of middlemen in the marketing of single layer and double layer mats which reduced the producer's share in consumer rupee (varied from 33.33% to 41,67% in single layer mat marketing and 42.07% to 43.47% in double layer mat marketing). The opinion survey revealed problems like scarcity of thazha. drudgery of production technology, poor quality of mats, shifting of consumer preference etc. which required immediate attention from policy makers.ThesisItem Open Access BIO-ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF SORGHUM EARHEAD CATERPILLARS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO Cryptoblabes gnidiella (Miller)(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-06) KONGAWAD, S. B.; DESHPANDE, V.P.Investigation on biology of Cryptoblabes gnidiella, seasonal incidence and management of sorghum earhead caterpillars was undertaken at Main Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad during 1999-2000. The incidence of sorghum earhead caterpillars (Cryptoblabes gnidiella, Helicoverpa armigera, Euproctis subnotata and Stenachroia elongella) was confined to kharif season. The peak incidence of C.gnidiella (1.75 larvae/earhead) and E.subnotata (1.68 larvae/earhead) was observed during 111 week of October and that of H. armigera (1.90 larvae/earhead) during 1 week of October on the crop sown during second fortnight of June. During the season the incubation, larval, pre-pupal and pupal periods of C.gnidiella occupied 3.72, 13.02, 1.60 and 8.0 days, respectively. Larvae moulted four times to complete five instars. Adult longevity with food took 7.8 and 9.0 days and without food 2.5 and 3.52 days for male and female, respectively. The fecundity rate during season was 26.88 eggs/female. The total life cycle occupied 27.60 days. Among four botanicals and three bioagents tested against earhead caterpillars, TNAU neem oil 60 EC (3.0%), neem oil (5.0%) and NSKE (5.0%) emerged as superior by recording 72.0, 70.0 and 66.0 per cent population reduction producing a grain yield of 46.98, 46.0 and 45.50 q/ha, respectively. Bacillus thuringiensis and Vitex negundo leaf extract (5.0%) being on par with each other recorded 59.0 per cent population reduction resulting in 43.0 and 43.25 q/ha grain yields, respectively. Among the dusts tested, malathion (5.0%) emerged as superior in reducing (84.0%) population of earhead caterpillars with the grain yield of 52.35 q/ha followed by fenval (76.0%) and lindane (72.0%) with a grain yields of 51.40 and 50.0 q/ha, respectively. The botanicals viz., neem seed kernal, Pongemia pinnata, Vitex negundo and Clerodendron inerme leaf dusts recorded 58.0, 58.0, 55.0 and 52.0 per cent population reduction with the grain yields of 45.75, 13.75, 12.50, 12.12 q/ha, respectively.ThesisItem Open Access RESIDUAL TOXICITY OF INSECTICIDES, OILS AND SURFACTANTS AGAINST SPIRALLING WHITEFLY,Aleurodicus (dispersus Russell(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-06) KAMBREKAR, D. N.; AWAKNAVAR, J. S.Investigations were carried out on the different developmental stages of spiralling whitefly, Aleurodicus dispersus on the toxicity and bio-efficacy of fifteen insecticides, seven oils and four surfactants and their combinations in the greenhouse and under field conditions. Triazophos (0.06%) and dimethoate (0.05%) have shown excellent performance both under laboratory and field conditions and proved to be ovicidal, ovipositional deterrent and effective against the most resistant pupal stage of the pest and recorded an adult mortality of 75 per cent at 1 5 DAT in laboratory conditions and 90 per cent egg mortality and around cent per cent mortality of other stages under field conditions. Dichlorvos (0.105%) and monocrotophos (0.045%) were the next best chemicals against different stages of the pest. Among the seven oils used with four surfactants, fish oil insecticidal soap at 2.50 per cent proved to be better which persisted for a longer time and recorded 60 per cent adult mortality at 15 DAT under laboratory conditions. The next best oils were neem oil (1%) and cotton seed oil (1.0%). Under field condition also fish oil insecticidal soap was effective recording around 70, 60, 55 and 80 per cent reduction of egg masses, nymphs, pupae and adults, respectively at the end of 1 5 DAS. Among the plant products neem oil proved better registering around 65, 55, 40 and 75 per cent reduction in egg masses, nymphs, pupae and adults, respectively at 15 DAS. The combination of promising insecticides with oils at their half dose was excellent in triazophos or dimethoate combination with FOIS as compared to triazophos and dimethoate alone under laboratory conditions. But triazophos and dimethoate recorded higher reduction of the pest population as compared to their combination with oils under field conditions. Further, the insecticides were found to be cheaper as compared to the oils.ThesisItem Open Access MANAGEMENT OF SOYBEAN POD BORER, Cydia ptychora (Meyrick) (Tortricidae : Lepidoptera)(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-06) AMARNATH, K.; KULKARNI, K.A.Investigations on different aspects of management on soybean pod borer C. ptychora were undertaken at the Main Research Station and the Department of Agricultural Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad during 1999-2000. The studies included the seasonal incidence, crop loss estimation and testing the efficacy of bioagents and plant products against C. ptychora under field conditions. The study on seasonal incidence revealed that the population of C. ptychora on soybean was at its peak on the crop sown during the first fortnight of July, which recorded highest per cent (79.22) pod damage. However decline in the pest population was observed on subsequent sowings. The loss in yield of soybean due to C. ptychora was assessed by chemically protecting the crop during its different growth stages The probable loss due to the pod borer as computed by comparing the yield obtained from the treatment completely protected plot with untreated check was to the extent of 62.06 per cent. Investigations on the efficacy of bioagents and plant products revealed that the bioagent B. thuringiensis and plant product neem seed kernel extract were the next best treatments to monocrotophos a standard check.ThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT SPECIES OF TRICHOGRAMMA ON CHILLI FRUIT BORER HEUCOVERPA ARMIGERA (Hubner).(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-06) KEDANURI, CHANDRASHEKHAR; KULKARNI, K.A.Experiments were conducted to find out the parasilizatlon by five Trichogranma spp on chilli fruit borer Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) in laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Along with some basic studios on the effect of food on fecundity of the parasitoids, lifecycle, host aee preferrence were also carried out in addition to tritrophic interaction among chilli genotypes, T. chilonis and H. armigera and relative toxicilv of recommended insecticides to chilli fruit borer against egg parasitoid." Fecundity of the parasitoids developed on II. armigera eggs was found significantly different among different parasitoids, T. chilonis recorded high fecundity with food (10% honey) and without food. While T. japonicum and T. achaeae recorded low fecundity/female with and without food respectively. Life cycle of the parasitoid was longest in T. achaeae (217.6 h) while T. chilonis took least period (1912h) on H armigera. Fresh to two days old eggs of H. armigera were equally acceptable by all the five parasitoids while three to four days old eggs were less to least preferred. Maximum per cent parasitization of chilli fruit borer under laboratory and greenhouse conditions was accounted by T chilonis (61 & 39.93%) followed by T. pretiosum (51.52 & 31.08) and T.brasiliensis (44.25 & 28.50%) respectively. Byadgi Kaddi and Byadgi dabbi were found biocontrol friendly which recorded high parasitization while LCA- 312 and GPC-82 were found least acceptable to parasitoid T chiloiiis on H. armigera eggs. The insecticides dimethoate, phosphamidon, pliosalone and carbaiyl were highly toxic to T. chilonis adults on 24 h after treatment where as dicofol, monocrotophos and endosulfan were slightly less toxic while neemark was safe to adults. Neemark was found to be safe while endosulfan and dicofol were relatively less toxic to immature stages of T. chilonis while carbaiyl was the most toxic. Emergence of T. chilonis adults was signincanlly reduced when insecticides were sprayed on host eggs before parasitization. Longevity of T. chilonis adults that emerged from insecticide treated host eggs were found to be adversely affected.