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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.
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ThesisItem Open Access STUDY OF GROWTH AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE IN MAJOR PULSES OF KARNATAKA(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2018-04-01) MAHESH; Gowda, D.M.A study has been made on growth and technological changes in major pulses of Karnataka. For this study 30 years (1984-2014) of secondary data on area, production and productivity of major pulses viz. Red gram, Bengal gram, Horse gram and Black gram has been collected from the DES, Bangalore. Linear and exponential models were fitted to know the linear and compound growth rate of major pulses separately for period I (1984-1999), Period II (2000-2014) and for combined period. The results of combined period indicated positively significant growth rate in area, production and productivity of Bengal gram, while Horse gram shows negative growth rate. Black gram shows nonsignificant growth rate in production and negative growth rate for area. No significant growth rate was noticed in period I. During period II the yield of Bengal gram per unit area had increased by 40 per cent. Black gram showed a decrease in yield by 34 per cent. In order to show the nature of trend quadratic model was the best fit, among linear, quadratic and cubic models. Based on adjusted R2 and RMSE. An attempt was made to study the technological change in production of pulses in Karnataka through Cobb- Douglas production function for period I, period II and for combined period. Technological change is determined by significant structural break, through Chow test. The study indicated that no technological changes in major pulse production. This suggests that there is a need to improve the production technology for Pulses in Karnataka State.ThesisItem Open Access INFLUENCE OF DIVERSE ORGANIC SOURCES ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.)(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, GKVK, BENGALURU, 2019-08-16) MAHESHA field experiment was conducted at Zonal Agricultural Research Station, UAS, GKVK, Bengaluru, during kharif 2018 to study the influence of diverse organic sources on growth and yield of sunflower. The experiment was laid out in a RCBD design with eight treatments replicated thrice. Application of Farm Yard Manure (FYM) on N eq. ha-1 + Bio Digester Liquid Manure (BDLM) on N eq. ha-1 + jeevamrutha at 1500 l ha-1 + panchagavya spray (7.5 %) recorded significantly higher seed yield (2195 kg ha-1) and oil yield (872 kg ha-1) and it was on par with application of FYM on N eq. ha-1 + jeevamrutha at 1500 l ha-1 + panchagavya spray (7.5 %) (1996 kg ha-1). The same treatments showed similar trend with respect to growth and yield parameters and also nutrient uptake by the crop (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium). Soil fertility status improved with higher available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (389, 43.32 and 273 kg ha-1, respectively). Significantly higher bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, N-fixers, P-solubilizers population and dehydrogenase activity were recorded in soil with application of FYM on N eq. ha-1 + BDLM on N eq. ha1 + jeevamrutha at 1500 l ha-1 + panchagavya spray (7.5 %). Higher net returns ( 43,468 ha-1) and B:C (2.08) ratio were recorded with application of FYM on N eq. ha-1 + BDLM on N eq. ha-1 + jeevamrutha at 1500 l ha-1 + panchagavya spray (7.5 %).ThesisItem Open Access INFLUENCE OF DIVERSE ORGANIC SOURCES ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.)(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BANGALORE, 2019-08-16) MAHESH; SUJITH, G. M.A field experiment was conducted at Zonal Agricultural Research Station, UAS, GKVK, Bengaluru, during kharif 2018 to study the influence of diverse organic sources on growth and yield of sunflower. The experiment was laid out in a RCBD design with eight treatments replicated thrice. Application of Farm Yard Manure (FYM) on N eq. ha-1 + Bio Digester Liquid Manure (BDLM) on N eq. ha-1 + jeevamrutha at 1500 l ha-1 + panchagavya spray (7.5 %) recorded significantly higher seed yield (2195 kg ha-1) and oil yield (872 kg ha-1) and it was on par with application of FYM on N eq. ha-1 + jeevamrutha at 1500 l ha-1 + panchagavya spray (7.5 %) (1996 kg ha-1). The same treatments showed similar trend with respect to growth and yield parameters and also nutrient uptake by the crop (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium). Soil fertility status improved with higher available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (389, 43.32 and 273 kg ha-1, respectively). Significantly higher bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, N-fixers, P-solubilizers population and dehydrogenase activity were recorded in soil with application of FYM on N eq. ha-1 + BDLM on N eq. ha- 1 + jeevamrutha at 1500 l ha-1 + panchagavya spray (7.5 %). Higher net returns ( 43,468 ha-1) and B:C (2.08) ratio were recorded with application of FYM on N eq. ha-1 + BDLM on N eq. ha-1 + jeevamrutha at 1500 l ha-1 + panchagavya spray (7.5 %).ThesisItem Open Access ROLE OF HELICASE IN STRESS TOLERANCE: AN ANALYSIS THROUGH TRANSGENIC APPROACH IN CROPS(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 27-07-14) MAHESH; M, UDAYAKUMARPlants are often exposed to diverse environmental cues, among which the abiotic stressor, drought is the major factor which limits plant growth and productivity. Plants have evolved various mechanisms and traits to maintain intrinsic cellular tolerance and improved water relations under drought. Cellular level tolerance is achieved by several mechanisms and amongst them protein turnover which is affected under stress, is the most relevant trait to be improved. From this context, stress responsive RNA helicases which sustain translation assumes significance in sustaining protein turnover under stress. The present study was aimed to clone and characterise stress responsive RNA helicases AhRH47 and AhRH68 from stress adapted species groundnut. AhRH47 is involved in removal of secondary structures at leader sequence of mRNA. Arabidopsis transgenic plants constitutively overexpressing AhRH47 showed increased protein synthesis under stress and better tolerance under salinity and mannitol stresses, besides higher survival and biomass production under moisture stress. A partial sequence of AhRH68 was cloned from groundnut and it showed high expression under salinity stress. The predicted protein structure suggested that it associates with spliceosome and plays a role in removing secondary structures in premRNA. AhRH68 is highly homologous to p68 (Pisum sativum RNA helicase 68). Groundnut transgenics expressing p68 showed intrinsic cellular tolerance to ethrel induced senescence, salinity, oxidative and simulated moisture stresses. Further, in T3 generation, transgenics showed superior survival and recovery under temperature stress, severe moisture stress and oxidative stress at whole plant level. Productivity was one of the criteria apart from intrinsic tolerance for selection of promising lines. The promising transgenic lines advanced to T4 generation showed 33% higher productivity over wild type. From these findings, it suggests that selected p68 overexpressing groundnut transgenic plants are highly productive. Hence, AhRH47 and p68 RNA helicase are potential candidate genes to improve adaptation to abiotic stress.ThesisItem Open Access ROLE OF HELICASE IN STRESS TOLERANCE: AN ANALYSIS THROUGH TRANSGENIC APPROACH IN CROPS(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 28-07-14) MAHESH; M, UDAYAKUMARPlants are often exposed to diverse environmental cues, among which the abiotic stressor, drought is the major factor which limits plant growth and productivity. Plants have evolved various mechanisms and traits to maintain intrinsic cellular tolerance and improved water relations under drought. Cellular level tolerance is achieved by several mechanisms and amongst them protein turnover which is affected under stress, is the most relevant trait to be improved. From this context, stress responsive RNA helicases which sustain translation assumes significance in sustaining protein turnover under stress. The present study was aimed to clone and characterise stress responsive RNA helicases AhRH47 and AhRH68 from stress adapted species groundnut. AhRH47 is involved in removal of secondary structures at leader sequence of mRNA. Arabidopsis transgenic plants constitutively overexpressing AhRH47 showed increased protein synthesis under stress and better tolerance under salinity and mannitol stresses, besides higher survival and biomass production under moisture stress. A partial sequence of AhRH68 was cloned from groundnut and it showed high expression under salinity stress. The predicted protein structure suggested that it associates with spliceosome and plays a role in removing secondary structures in premRNA. AhRH68 is highly homologous to p68 (Pisum sativum RNA helicase 68). Groundnut transgenics expressing p68 showed intrinsic cellular tolerance to ethrel induced senescence, salinity, oxidative and simulated moisture stresses. Further, in T3 generation, transgenics showed superior survival and recovery under temperature stress, severe moisture stress and oxidative stress at whole plant level. Productivity was one of the criteria apart from intrinsic tolerance for selection of promising lines. The promising transgenic lines advanced to T4 generation showed 33% higher productivity over wild type. From these findings, it suggests that selected p68 overexpressing groundnut transgenic plants are highly productive. Hence, AhRH47 and p68 RNA helicase are potential candidate genes to improve adaptation to abiotic stress.
