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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.
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ThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION AND STANDARDIZATION OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF DRIP IRRIGATION AND FERTIGATION WITH MULCHING ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF GINGER (Zingiber officinale Rosc.)(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2010-08-20) MANJUNATHA, M.; KEMPE GOWDA, K.A field experiment entitled “Evaluation and standardization of different levels of drip irrigation and fertigation with mulching on growth, yield and quality of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.)” was carried out at the Precision Farming Development Centre, Division of Horticulture, Gandhi Krishi Vigyana Kendra, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, during March to December of 2009. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with twelve treatments replicated thrice. The experiment consisted of 3 levels of drip irrigation (12, 18 and 24 l/day/m2) and 3 levels of fertigation (80, 100 and 120% recommended dose of WSF) with 50 micron black polythene mulch. Significantly maximum plant height (72.07 cm), leaf length (20.09 cm) at 135 days after planting and leaf breadth (2.67 cm), leaf area (3753.96 cm2) and leaf area index per plant (5.00) were recorded in the treatment with fertigation of 120 per cent recommended dose of water soluble fertilizes + drip irrigation of 18 liters with mulching. Significantly maximum number of leaves per clump (118.93), number of tillers per plant (14.87), number of primary fingers (15.75), secondary fingers (22.07) per plant, fresh rhizome yield per hectare (21.75 t) and oleoresin content (8.61%) was found in treatment with fertigation of 100 per cent recommended dose of water soluble fertilizes + drip irrigation of 24 litres with mulching. The treatment with fertigation of 120 per cent recommended dose of water soluble fertilizes + drip irrigation of 24 litres with mulching recorded maximum shelf life of fresh rhizomes (67.21 days) stored in 1 per cent ventilated polythene bags. The present study clearly indicated that, fertigation of 100 per cent water soluble fertilizers (100:50:50 kg/ha) and irrigating the crop at 24 litres/day/m2 through drip with plastic mulching could be suitable for raising and getting higher yields of superior superior quality ginger crop.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SOURCES OF FERTILIZERS AND LEVELS OF FERTIGATION ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF TOMATO (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) UNDER OPEN FIELD AND GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2008-08-14) AHMAD SHAH, MOHAMMADI.; KRISHNAMANOHAR, R.An investigation on "Effect of different sources of fertilizers and levels of fertigation on growth, yield and quality of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) under open field and greenhouse conditions" was conducted at Precision Farming Development Center (PFDC), Division of Horticulture, Gandhi Krishi Vignana Kendra, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore during 2007-2008. The experiment consisting of two sources (water soluble fertilizers and normal fertilizers) supplied through fertigation and soil application at three levels (100, 125 and 150 per cent recommended dose of fertilizers where RDF is 250:250:250 Kg NPK ha-1) of nutrient. The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design (FRBD) including of 18 treatments and replicated thrice with spacing of 45 x 60 cm. The results indicated that significantly higher growth parameters of tomato (Allrounder) hybrid in terms of plant height (112.19 cm), number of main branches per plant (10.40), number of compound leaves per plant (99.37). Yield parameter such as days taken for 50 per cent flowering (31.33), number of inflorescence per plant (14.60) fruit setting percentage (88.44%), days taken from first flower to fruit maturity (50.33days), number of fruits per plant (75.13), per m2 (300.53), mean weight of fruits/plant (346.12 g), yield per plant (3.98 kg), per m2 (15.93 kg), per hectare (159.30 t), total soluble solid (5.00 0Brix), shelf life of fruits (26.00days) and economics feasible cost benefit ratio (1:1.64) were observed with water soluble fertilizers at 125 per cent recommended dose of fertilizers through fertigation in six splits at 15 days interval (15 days from the date of transplanting) in greenhouse condition. It is therefore, recommended that maximum growth, yield and quality in tomato crop could be obtained by application of water soluble fertilizers at 125 per cent of recommended dose of fertilizers through fertigation under greenhouse condition.ThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF TOMATO (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) HYBRIDS UNDER EASTERN DRY ZONE OF KARNATAKA(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2008-08-18) SHIVANAND, V. HONGAL.; PUTTARAJU, T. B.Several hybrids are produced from time to time thus making it necessary to evaluate the same for their suitability to a particular agro-climatic region for various purposes. Present field experiment was carried out at Horticulture Research Station, Gandhi Krishi Vigyana Kendra, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore during kharif season of 2007-08 to evaluate 22 hybrids for yield, quality and pest and diseases in RCBD design with three replications. There was significant difference among the hybrids studied for days to 50 per cent flowering. COTH 2 (24.74 days) was earliest hybrid followed by TH 1389 (26.43 days) while US 1196 (31.74 days) was late to 50 per cent flowering. Yield per plant differed significantly among hybrids which may attributed to significantly higher number of fruits per plant and average fruit weight. The highest fruit yield per plant was recorded in hybrid US 618 (5.94 kg plant-1) followed by Heem Sohna (4.93 kg plant-1), US 1196 (4.72 kg plant-1) and US 2175 (4.63 kg plant-1). With respect to quality, among the hybrids TSI-48 (5.13 °Brix), US 2175 (5.17°Brix), US 1196 (5.03°Brix) and Anup (4.98°Brix) recorded highest TSS with lower acidity of 0.25%, 0.36 %, 0.33 % and 0.32 % respectively. The fruit firmness was highest for Heem Sohna (4.47 kg cm-2) followed by TSI 48 (4.16 kg cm-2) these hybrids recorded relatively higher pericarp thickness. Fruit of hybrid Heem Sohna (25.20 days) had the longest shelf life followed by TSI-48 (22.60 days) while the shelf life was shortest for NS 816 (7.84 days). Of the hybrids screened for multiple disease resistance viz., ToLCV, bacterial wilt, early blight and late blight none of the hybrid showed resistance against all the above diseases, 17 hybrids showed resistance against single disease and 12 hybrids recorded resistant reaction against more than one disease. Most of the hybrids had fruit borer incidence but the highest incidence was observed in Bhoomi-04 (21.60 %). From an overall view of results, it can be inferred that the hybrids US 618, Heem Sohna and US 1196 were high yielding and good for fresh marketing. For the purpose of processing hybrids US 1196, T 1224, TSI-48, Anup and Super samurai were found suitable. Hence these hybrids can be recommended as better hybrids for commercial cultivation in Eastern Dry Zone of Karnataka.ThesisItem Open Access Line x Tester analysis for yield and bacterial wilt resistance in green brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 40865) MURTHY RAMIREDDY, S. R. K; LINGAIAH, H. BThe study entitled Line x Tester analysis for yield and bacterial wilt resistance in green brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) with the objectives of estimating magnitude of heterosis, combining ability effects and to identify the resistant sources for bacterial wilt resistance. The experimental material comprised of three lines viz., Arka Shirish, Mattugulla and Arka Kusumakar and four testers viz., IIHR-3, IIHR-7, WCGR and SM6-6 in Line x Tester mating design. Wide range of heterosis was manifested by the 12 F1 hybrids for all the characters. Among the 12 hybrids, 7, 4 and 1 hybrids exhibited significantly positive heterosis for fruit yield per plant over mid parent, better parent and commercial check, respectively. Maximum positive significant heterosis was observed in the cross Arka Shirish x WCGR (84.93%) over mid parent, Arka Shirish x WCGR (60.71%) over better parent and Arka Shirish x IIHR-7 (31.02%) over commercial check. The hybrid Mattugulla x WCGR exhibited highly significant heterosis for number of fruits/cluster and number of flowers per cluster while the same hybrid Mattugulla x WCGR showed significant heterosis for average fruit weight. Combining ability analysis revealed that the majority of the characters were under the control of non additive gene action as SCA variances were greater than GCA variances. Highly significant variation was observed due to genotypes and environments for all the 16 characters studied. Both gca and sca variances showed significant interactions. The genotypes Arka Shirish, Arka Kusumakar, IIHR-7 and SM6-6 were found to be good general combiners and Arka Shirish x IIHR-7 was identified as best specific combiners for fruit yield and other related traits as it showed high sca effect and per se performance (2.01 kg). For bacterial wilt disease, Mattugulla x WCGR and Mattugulla x SM6-6 were identified as best as they showed high resistant reactionThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF F1 HYBRIDS IN ORIENTAL PICKLING MELON (Cucumis melo var. conomon)(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 40768) THYAGARAJ, G. N; PUTTARAJU, T. BOriental pickling melon is one of the melon group vegetable of the Cucurbitaceae. In Karnataka it is called by local name as samber southe or Mangalore southe. Which contain moderate amount of vitamins and minerals and the fruits possess cooling properties and are used as a skin moisturizer and as a digestive agent. Present field experiment was carried out at Department of Horticulture, GKVK, UAS, Bengaluru during the year 2010-2011 to evaluate 25 Oriental pickling melon F1 hybrids for yield, quality and pest and diseases. The F1 hybrid CMC GKVK 1 X CMC GKVK 2 have shown better performance for characters such as fruit length and fruit diameter, while the F1 hybrid CMC GKVK 2 X CMC GKVK 4 performed well for other characters such as per cent fruit set, number of fruits, total fruit yield per vine and also it was moderately resistant to powdery mildew. However, the fruit flesh thickness and total soluble solids where high with the F1 hybrid CMC GKVK 1 X CMC GKVK 12. Finally it can be inferred that among the F1 hybrids CMC GKVK 2 X CMC GKVK 4, CMC GKVK 1 X CMC GKVK 2, CMC GKVK 5 X CMC GKVK 8 and CMC GKVK 9 X CMC GKVK 2 were high yielding. For the purpose of processing F1 hybrids CMC GKVK 1 X CMC GKVK 12, CMC GKVK 7 X CMC GKVK 9, CMC GKVK 1 X CMC GKVK 2 and CMC GKVK 2 X CMC GKVK 4 were suitable.ThesisItem Open Access GENETIC VARIABILITY STUDIES IN SNAKE GOURD (Trichosanthes cucumerina L.)(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 26-08-11) PADMARAJA, S. R; PUTTARAJU, T. BSnake gourd is an important cucurbitaceous vegetable having considerable nutrition and medicinal properties. The present study was undertaken to elicit information on the nature of variability, correlation and path analysis of snake gourd genotypes during 2010-2011 at Department of Horticulture, UAS, GKVK, Bangalore. The analysis of variance indicated highly significant variation among the genotypes for all the characters. The phenotypic co-efficient of variation was more than the genotypic co-efficient of variation for almost all the character under study. Both growth and yield attributing characters like number of primary branches per plant, productive length of vine, number of nodes per vine, inter nodal length, node at which first female flower appearance, number of fruits per plant, mean fruit weight, fruit length, fruit girth, flesh thickness, size of the cavity, number of seeds per fruit, fruit fly infestation, downy mildew incidence and yield per plant showed high genetic advance over per cent mean with high heritability. Yield per plant was positively and significantly correlated with vine length, productive length of vine, number of fruits per plant, mean fruit length and fruit weight at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. Path analysis revealed mean fruit weight, number of fruits per plant contributed positive direct effect on fruit yield and other growth and fruit related characters contributed indirectly through fruit yield. The genotypes GKVK SG-16, GKVK SG-7, GKVK SG-13, GKVK SG-8 and GKVK SG-14 were found to be early flowering and higher yield per plant. The genotypes GKVK SG-9, GKVK SG-8, GKVK SG-14, GKVK SG-5, GKVK SG-13, GKVK SG-7 and GKVK SG-16 were found to be moderately resistant to fruit fly and downy mildew disease.ThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF ADVANCED POTATO (Solanum tuberosum L.) HYBRIDS FOR GROWTH AND YIELD IN SOUTHERN TRANSITIONAL ZONE OF KARNATAKA(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 40828) SANTHOSH, N; INDIRESH, K MPotato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the world’s most important food crop. A study was conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Madenur, Hassan, during kharif-2010. Two experiments consisting of evaluation of early and medium maturing advanced potato hybrids were carried out. Among early maturing advanced potato hybrids, high GCV and PCV were observed for plant height, number of stems, number of tubers per plant, marketable and total tuber yield. High heritability coupled with high GAM were observed for plant height, number of tubers per plant, marketable and total tuber yield, tuber diameter, non-reducing sugars, potato leaf roll virus and Spodoptera. Path co-efficient analysis revealed that plant height, number of leaves, number of tubers per plant, tuber weight per plant and marketable tuber yield at both genotypic and phenotypic level had a positive direct influence on the yield. Genotypes J/97-168 and Kufri Pukhraj performed well under southern transitional zone of Karnataka. Among medium maturing advanced potato hybrids, high GCV and PCV were observed for plant height, number of stems, number of tubers per plant, marketable and total yield and total sugars. High heritability coupled with high to moderate GAM were observed for all the characters except chlorophyll content. Path co-efficient analysis revealed that number of stems, number of leaves, number of tubers per plant, tuber weight per plant and marketable tuber yield at both genotypic and phenotypic level had a positive direct influence on the yield. Genotypes 200/P-26, MS/99-1871 and Kufri Pukhraj performed well under southern transitional zone of Karnataka.