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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.
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ThesisItem Embargo Establishment of rainfall runoff Relationship under different land Surface conditions in eastern Dryzone of Karnataka(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2023-01-07) Shivaraj, Balooragi; Ashoka, H. G.An experiment was conducted during the Kharif season of 2021 to establish rainfall runoff relationship under different land surface condition at the AICRPDA, GKVK, UAS, Bengaluru. The different land surface conditions includes the conservation furrows along with vegetative barriers viz., Nase and Khus grass as an inter terrace management grown across the slope. During kharif season pigeon pea crop was taken to know the effect of moisture conservation measures on crop productivity. Among the two different vegetative barriers, Nase grass (T1) was found to be most effective in controlling runoff and conserving soil moisture. The average runoff generated through the Nase grass (T1) and Khus grass (T̄2) was 8.34% (81.08 mm) and 10.57% (102.70 mm) respectively, than the control (T3) of 12.34% (121.23 mm). The average runoff generated through protected cultivation (T4) was 90.38% (992.01mm) of total rainfall of 1097.60 mm. The higher regression coefficient of 0.9998 was observed in protected cultivation. The lowest regression coefficient 0.9045, 0.9312 and 0.9491 was observed in the Nase grass (T1), Khus grass (T2) and control (T3) respectively. Similarly, the highest moisture conserved at Nase grass was 15.54%, 18.44%, 20.52% and 21.66% at 15cm, 30cm, 45cm and 60cm respectively. At the time of harvest higher plant height (224.13 cm), number of branches (26.37), leaf area (12997 cm2 plant-1), grain yield (1550 kg ha-1), net returns (41978 Rs ha-1) and B:C ratio (2.18) was found to be in Nase grass vegetative barrier plot, due to the conservation of more moisture and reduced runoffThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF IMPROVED INTERCULTURAL EQUIPMENTS FOR SOIL MOISTURE CONSERVATION UNDER DRYLAND CONDITION OF SOUTHERN KARNATAKA(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2022-12-08) ADARSHA; MURUKANNAPPAA field experiment entitled “Evaluation of improved intercultural equipments for soil moisture conservation under dryland condition of Southern Karnataka” was conducted during Kharif 2021 at AICRP for Dryland Agriculture, GKVK, UAS, Bangalore. The experiment was laid out in RCB design and replicated thrice. The study consists of ten treatments viz., T1: Hand weeder with blade hoe, T2: Improved hand weeder with tyne hoe, T3: Hand weeder with furrow opener, T4: Cycle weeder with blade hoe, T5: Cycle weeder with tyne hoe, T6: Cycle weeder with Furrow opener, T7: Mini-tiller operated blade hoe, T8: Mini-tiller operated tyne hoe, T9: Mini-tiller operated furrow opener and T10: Control (Hand weeding) and the treatments were imposed 30 DAS. Among different treatments, weeding efficiency is higher in hand weeding (T10). The mini-tiller operated intercultural equipments helps in timely operation with higher field capacities and the maximum time saving varied from 78.79 to 81.57 per cent. However, the weeding efficiency is higher in hand weeding (T10). Treatment T9 recorded maximum average soil moisture, higher soil infiltration rate and better growth attributes, resulted in higher grain (2707 kg ha-1) and straw yield (3478 kg ha-1) as compared to T10. Treatment T9 also recorded higher gross returns of ₹ 86613 ha-1, net returns of ₹ 56722 ha-1and B:C ratio (2.90) as compared to other treatments. The least gross return of ₹ 64560 ha-1, net return of ₹ 29856 ha-1and 1.86 B:C ratio was found in control. Treatment T9 found to be best treatment under dryland conditions.ThesisItem Embargo STUDIES ON STRIP CROPPING WITH CONSERVATION FURROWS ON SOIL MOISTURE DYNAMICS, GROWTH AND YIELD OF DIFFERENT CROPS(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2022-12-20) ASHWIN RAJ, R; DEVARAJA, KA field experiment entitled “Studies on strip cropping with conservation furrows on soil moisture dynamics, growth and yield of different crops” was conducted during Kharif 2021 at All India Coordinated Research Project for Dryland Agriculture, Gandhi Krishi Vignana Kendra, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore to know the effect of strip cropping with conservation furrows on soil moisture dynamics, growth and yield of different crops. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with two main plot treatments (T1- with conservation furrow and T2- without conservation furrow; Furrows opened at 45 DAS), five sub plot treatments (C1: finger millet + cowpea, C2: finger millet +horse gram, C3: finger millet + field bean, C4: finger millet + rice bean and C5: finger millet + niger) and replicated thrice. The results of the study clearly indicating that treatment with conservation furrow recorded significantly higher moisture content (16.82%) with enhanced infiltration rate (4.37cm hr-1). Among different subplot treatments, the strip crop combination finger millet + cowpea conserved more moisture (16.1%). Similarly, finger millet + cowpea wit conservation furrow recorded significantly higher finger millet plant height (105.84 cm), number of tillers (5.43) and leaf area index (3.62) ultimately resulted in higher grain yield (2479 kg ha-1), straw yield (3770 kg ha-1) and finger millet equivalent yield (3962kg ha-1) compared to other crop combinations. Whereas, finger millet + horse gram with conservation furrow recorded significantly higher B:C ratio (2.79) due to less cost of cultivation of horse gram.ThesisItem Open Access QUANTIFICATION OF RUNOFF AND IDENTIFICATION OF SUITABLE SITES FOR RAINWATER HARVESTING BY USING GEOSPATIAL TECHNIQUES IN HALAYAPURA MICRO-WATERSHED OF TUMKUR DISTRICT(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, BANGALORE, 2022-06-15) MANOJ, N.; Rajashekarappa, K. S.Geospatial technique were used for land and water management action plan for Halayapura micro-watershed lies between750 51' 37.585'' to 750 53' 29.93''E longitude and 130 58' 59.959'' to 140 1' 3.722''N latitude in Tumkur district of Karnataka. Arc GIS software was used in evaluation of basemapand morphological characteristics in micro watershed. The present study reveals that drainage pattern was dendritic with trunk order 4.00. The area, maximum length and width of the micro-watershed are 503.00 ha, 4.40 km and 2.20 km, respectively. The mean value of bifurcation ratio was 2.50, it indicates micro-watershed has been suffered less structural disturbance. The value of drainage density is 0.851 km which indicated that, the region is having permeable subsoil material. The value of form factor indicates micro-watershed is approaching towards elongated shape of watershed. The study was used to estimate runoff and basemap was prepared. The estimated runoff available to use is 72.90 mm for annual rainfall of 774.50 mm. The recharge factor found to be 7.00 % and utilizable groundwater is 41.70 mm (70.00 % of 59.60 mm recharge estimated). The total available water resource combining the soil moisture storage and utilizable runoff plus recharge is 256.00 mm. Currently about 19.40 % of the utilizable runoff is being used and 9.00 % of runoff excess is promoting by harvesting and conservation structures.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON EFFECT OF CONSERVATION TILLAGE AND IN-SITU GREEN MANURING ON SOIL MOISTURE DYNAMICS IN PIGEONPEA IN EASTERN DRY ZONE OF KARNATAKA(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2022-12-08) DEVAPPA; Rajashekarappa, K S“ in-situ green ” conducted during Kharif 2021 at AICRP for Dryland Agriculture, UAS, Bangalore. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three each main plots on different conservation tillage and sub plots of in-situ green manuring practices replicated thrice. Among different conservation tillage, conventional tillage M1-1 Ploughing + 2 Harrowing + 1 intercultural operation with pigeonpea as test crop recorded significantly higher infiltration rate, lower bulk density and better growth attributes resulted in higher grain yield (974 kg ha-1) and better rainwater use efficiency (0.82 kg ha-mm-1) compared to reduced (M2) and zero tillage (M3). Whereas, M2 recorded higher B:C ratio. Significantly higher available N (234.90, 196.58 and 181.92 kg ha-1), P2O5 (81.47, 47.53 and 41.99 kg ha-1), K2O (187.59, 159.50 and 142.38g ha-1) and OC (0.47, 0.44 and 0.40 %) at different soil depth viz., 0-7.5, 7.5-15 and 15-30 cm, respectively and also higher microbial population of bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes at 15 cm soil depth was noticed in zero tillage compared to other tillage practices. In in-situ green manuring practices with horsegram (C3) recorded significantly higher infiltration rate, soil moisture, microbial population, nutrient status, higher B:C ratio and lower bulk density as compared to sunhemp (C2). Overall adoption of conservation agriculture created positive impact on soil quality and crop yield in rainfed conditions.ThesisItem Open Access INFLUENCE OF CORRUGATION FURROWS ON HYDROLOGICAL PARAMETERS, GROWTH AND YIELD OF FINGER MILLET IN ALFISOLS(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2021-12-14) VINAY KUMAR, P.V.; MURUKANNAPPAThe field experiment was carried out during kharif, 2020 at All India Coordinated Research Project for Dryland Agriculture, UAS, GKVK, Bangalore to study the “Influence of Corrugation Furrows on Hydrological Parameters, Growth and Yield of Finger Millet in Alfisols”. The experiment consisted of two treatments i.e., corrugation furrow at 3.5 m interval (T1) and Control (T2). Growing finger millet crop with imposition of corrugation furrows at 3.5 m interval resulted in better average monthly soil moisture content 13.69, 10.37, 11.31, 9.65, 10.39 per cent at 0-15 cm depth and 17.63, 11.59, 13.55, 11.54, 11.59 per cent at 15-30 cm depth at august, September, October, November and December respectively. The runoff and soil loss (109.93 m3 ha-1 and 1.370 t ha-1 respectively) from corrugation furrow treatment were lower as compared to control plot (120.27 m3 ha-1 and 2.235 t ha-1 respectively). After the crop harvest the higher infiltration rate (4.60) cm hr-1 with lower bulk density and particle density (1.41 kg cm-3 and 2.49 kg cm-3 respectively), plant growth and finger millet yield (3293 kg ha-1), higher gross returns (Rs. 116099 ha-1), net returns (Rs. 83236 ha-1) and B:C ratio (3.53) was documented under finger millet with corrugation furrow treatment. It can be inferred from experimentation that finger millet crop with corrugation furrows at 3.5 m interval treatment reduced the runoff and soil loss and increased the yield and economics of the crop when compared to the finger millet without corrugation furrowThesisItem Open Access RAINFALL CHARACTERISTICS INDUCED SOIL MOISTURE AVAILABILITY UNDER ORGANIC MULCHING IN RAINFED AREA OF SOUTHERN KARNATAKA(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2020-11-09) SHASHIKANTH; MURUKANNAPPAA field experiment was conducted at College of Agricultural Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru during kharif 2019 to study the “Rainfall characteristics induced soil moisture availability under organic mulching in rainfed area of southern Karnataka”. The experiment was laid out in Randomised Complete Block Design with seven treatments replicated thrice. Growing maize crop in dry leaves mulching resulted in better soil moisture content 24.07, 25.13, 18.73, 18.90, 24.07, 22.13, 21.70, 21.23, 21.00 20.73 and 20.10 per cent at 0-15 cm depth and 24.83, 27.48, 21.07, 20.87, 24.83, 23.40, 22.90, 22.57, 22.10, 21.80 and 21.17 per cent at 15-30 cm depth at 30, 37, 44, 51, 58, 65, 72, 79, 86, 93 and 100 DAS respectively. After crop harvest, the higher infiltration rate (5.79) cm hr-1 with lower bulk density (1.43 g cc-1), plant growth and yield of maize (7228 kg ha-1), higher gross returns (Rs.86745 ha-1 ), net returns (Rs.56556 ha-1 ) and B:C ratio (2.87) was documented under mulching with dry leaves. It can be inferred from the experimentation that mulching with dry leaves in maize crop at 30 DAS can be enhanced significantly with higher economics/returns in maize besides, increased soil moisture availability, infiltration rate and improved soil fertility.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON IN-SITU MOISTURE CONSERVATION WITH SUBSOILER IN FINGER MILLET AND GROUNDNUT BASED INTERCROPPING SYSTEMS(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, GKVK BENGALURU, 2019-09-23) MADAN KUMAR, M.; MurukannappaIn the present scenario, hard pan formed at the subsoil has declined the productivity in the dryland which can be resolved by subsoiler which is used for breaking the compacted soil, thereby conserving more moisture. To know the effect of subsoiler, an experiment was conducted at AICRP on dryland agriculture on moisture conservation, mainly consisting main plot as cropping system viz., C1-fingermillet+pigeonpea (8:2) and C2-groundnut+pigeonpea (8:2) intercropping systems and subplot consisting of S1- Subsoiling at 2m interval, S2-Subsoiling at 4m interval, S3-Subsoiling at 2m interval+FYM, S4-Subsoiling at 4m interval+FYM and S5-Control with 3 replications. In the main plot, parameters like moisture and infiltration rate were found higher with GN+PP (8:2) 60 cm due to ground covering of groundnut. Among the subplot, Subsoiling at 2m interval+FYM found to conserve the higher moisture, higher infiltration, plant height, dry matter content and yield parameters due to subsoiling and application of FYM. Lower soil compaction was found in S1 and S3 treatments due to subsoiling. B:C ratio was higher in C1 due to lower cost of cultivation and S3 showed higher gross returns, however B:C ratio was higher in S1 was mainly because application of FYM in S3 increased the cost of cultivation decreasing the B:C ratio. Overall, C1 showed higher net returns while, S3 found better for better moisture conservation and nutrient availability and S1 were found to be the best treatment in terms of profitability.ThesisItem Open Access EVALUTION AND IMPROVEMENT OF SEEDING AND INTERCUTURAL PRACTICES FOR EFFICIENT USE OF AVAILABLE SOIL MOSITURE FOR SOYBEAN (Glycine max Cv.)(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 1997) DEVARAJA, K; GOWDA, M CHOWDEAbstract not available
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