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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru

University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.

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200916
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Subject: Sericulture × End date: 2009 × Start date: 2009 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    RESPONSE TO SELECTION IN CROSSES OF C.NICHI AND NB BREEDS OF SILKWORM Bombyx mori L.
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2009-03-16) BANDARU G. KRISHNA; R. GOVINDAN
    NO Abstract
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETIC ANALYSIS OF QUANTITATIVE TRAITS IN SILKWORM Bombyx mori L.
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2009-03-16) SUBHAS B. SATENAHALLI; R. GOVINDAN
    NO Abstract
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF BIOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS (SELECTED) OF MEDICINAL PLANTS ON SILKWORM REARING AND BmNPV MANAGEMENT
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2009-07-15) LATHA, S.; BHASKAR, R. N.
    The study on the “Effect of biochemical constituents (selected) of medicinal plants on silkworm rearing and BmNPV management” was undertaken in the Department of Sericulture UAS, GKVK, Bangalore-65. Aqueous extracts of different medicinal plants viz., Adathoda vasica, Bougainvillea spectabilis, Phyllanthus niruri, Terminalia arjuna and Pongamia glabra administered to silkworm through mulberry leaves once during fourth and fifth instar larvae of PMxCSR2 revealed positive response to the botanical treatments. However, there was an increase in mature larval weight from 26.31 to 27.85 and 26.46 to 28.68g/10 and silk productivity (3.34 to 4.23 and 3.52 to 4.60cg/day) which were recorded for P. glabra and P. niruri administered batches respectively and reduced total larval mortality (20 to 9 and 15 to 7%) over the control (25 to 21%). The trend was same even on cocoon parameters of both the instars. The fourth and fifth instar experimented batch administered with different hours of medicinal botanical treatment BmNPV polyhedra revealed antiviral action. This is due to antiviral property of total phenols and tannins present in aqueous extracts of A. vasica, B. spectabilis, P. niruri, T. arjuna and P. glabra. Among four hours of treatment (0,3,5 and 7h), 7 hour of treatment to BmNPV showed increase in larval weight (24.65g/10), reduced fifth instar and total larval duration (9.14 and 30.64days), increased ET50 for symptom expression and ET50 for mortality (4.49 and 9.79 days), reduced total mortality (8.50%), higher ERR (91.50%) and all the cocoon parameters in P. niruri treated lots of fourth instar silkworms followed by B. spectabilis, T. arjuna, A. vasica and P. glabra. The trend was same, even in fifth instar treated batches. It is further confirmed that, presence of above biomolecules might have act as viral inhibitors in avoiding infection by BmNPV as well as enhancing silk yield and quality.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETIC VARIATION AND CHARACTER ASSOCIATION IN DIFFERENT ACCESSIONS OF MULBERRY (MORUS SP.)
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2009-01-15) VIJAYASHEKARA, Y. B.; CHIKKALINGAIAH
    Studies on genetic variability and character accessions of mulberry were conducted in rainy and winter seasons of 2007-08.Fifty mulberry accessions were used for this study. Leaf yield per plant recorded maximum in C-763(2888.68), C-20 (2446.6g) in rainy season. Where as in winter season ME-27(1658.0g), S-13(1399.7g) recorded maximum leaf yield per plant. For root characteristics Mysore local, S-36, C-776 performed better in rainy and winter seasons. For moisture percentage V1, S-36, C-763, ME-08 accessions were best in rainy and winter seasons. For reproductive behaviour in rainy season, out of fifty accessions twenty nine beared female inflorescences (58%), eighteen had male inflorescence (36%) and three were monoecious types (6%). In winter season, thirty-three beared female inflorescence (66%), seventeen beared male inflorescence (34%). High PCV and GCV were found for number of branches per plant, total shoot length, number of leaves per plant, single leaf area, fresh weight of roots, dry weight of roots and hundred fresh leaf weight in rainy and winter seasons. Correlation studies in rainy season indicated highly significant positive correlation of leaf yield with number of branches per plant, number of leaves per plant, hundred fresh leaf weight, moisture retention capacity at 6 hr and 24 hr at phenotypic and genotypic levels. In winter season highly significant positive correlation of leaf yield with plant height, number of branches per plant intermodal distance, number of leaves per plant, petiole length, single leaf area and hundred fresh leaf weight were observed at phenotypic and genotypic levels. path analysis in rainy seasons revealed that the number of leaves per plant, moisture retention at 24 hr, hundred fresh leaf weight, number of branches per plant, root length, moisture retention at 6hr were important traits contributing to leaf yield. Where as in winter season hundred fresh leaf weight, number of branches per plant, plant height and petiole length were important traits contributing to leaf yield.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    VARIETAL PREFERENCE AND BIOLOGY OF MULBERRY LEAF-WEBBER, Diaphania pulverulentalis (HAMPSON)
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2009-01-10) SOMASHEKAR, K. S.; GOVINDAN, R.
    Studies on the air layering and softwood grafting in Jamun was carried out at the Division of Horticulture, Gandhi Krishi Vignana Kendra, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, to standardize air layering and soft wood grafting in Jamun. Air layers prepared during June and July months with 7500 ppm IBA as well as July and August months with 10000 ppm IBA recorded maximum rooting (100%). Layers treated with 10000 ppm IBA during September month layering recorded highest number of adventitious roots. The softwood grafting in Jamun plants carried out on two species of rootstocks (Syzygium cumini and S. operculatum) from June to October. The grafting success was maximum in the month of June in both S. cumini (94%) and S. operculatum (92%) root stock. The cured scion shows 96 per cent of success during month of June in S. cumini and 92 per cent in S. operculatum. Length of sprouts and number of sprouts found maximum in S. cumini during the month of July in cured and uncured scions (0.27 and 0.24 cm respectively). The number of sprouts in S. cumini found maximum in cured scions (3.38) used grafts. The days taken for sprouting was minimum during the month of June in cured and uncured scions (11.50 and 12.14 days, respectively) in S. cumini rootstock used grafts. Significantly minimum number of days taken for scion sprouting in cured (12.28 days) as well as uncured (12.30 days) scion grafted on S. operculatum.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    IN VITRO AND IN VIVO EFFICACY OF ALOE VERA (L.) N. BURMAN IN MANAGEMENT OF BACTERIAL FLACHERIE OF SILKWORM, BOMBYX MORI L.
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2009-07-10) HARISH BABU, S; FATIMA, SADATULLA
    Studies on the influence of In-vitro efficacy of Aloe vera gel leaf extract on inhibition zone of Bacillus sp. and In-vivo efficacy of Aloe vera gel extract administered with Bacillus sp. and administration of only Aloe vera gel extract on larval growth, development and economic traits of silkworm, were conducted during 2008-09. In-vitro efficacy of Aloe vera gel on inhibition zone of Bacillus sp. revealed significant results against raw gel and sterilized gel. The maximum zone of inhibition was found in 100 and 75 per cent Aloe vera gel extracts followed by 50 and 25 per cent compared to control against raw gel batch. Whereas, no zone of inhibition was observed in sterilized gel batch of the above mentioned concentration. The silkworm (PMxCSR2) reared on mulberry leaves smeared with Aloe vera gel extract of 100 per cent concentration at 10-3 bacterial spore dilution had effective enhancement of larval weight (3.24g), ERR (94.50%), cocoon weight (1.89g), shell weight (0.327g), pupal weight (1.559g), shell ratio (17.29%), silk productivity (4.19 cg/day) and filament length (853.77m) besides reduced larval duration (7.80 days) and disease incidence (9.20%) when compared to 10-2 and 10-1 bacterial spore dilution and control. Similarly, silkworms reared on mulberry leaves smeared with Aloe vera gel extracts also exhibited significant differences with respect to In-vivo studies. However, larval weight (3.40g), ERR (96.37%), cocoon (1.93g), shell (0.340g) and pupal weights (1.59g), silk productivity (4.45 cg/day) and filament length (903.94m) were significantly maximum in 100 per cent Aloe vera gel extract, besides reduced larval duration (7.62 days) and disease incidence (3.62%) compared to other treatments and control. Among the concentrations, 100 per cent concentration showed significantly higher values for larval and cocoon traits compared to 75, 50 and 25 per cent concentrations. Among the bacterial spore dilutions 10-3 bacterial spore had effective enhancement of larval and cocoon parameters compared to 10-2 and 10-1 bacterial spore dilutions.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETIC ARCHITECTURE, HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY IN SILKWORM, Bombyx mori L.
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2009-09-15) ASHOKA, J.; NARAYANASWAMY, T. K.
    The investigations were carried out to study the combining ability and heterosis in multivoltine and bivoltine breeds through line × tester analysis. Twelve each of multivoltine and bivoltine breeds were reared and evaluated for sixteen quantitative traits. Among them six multivoltine viz., PM, BL43, APM1, MH1, TNW and Nistari and six bivoltine viz., CSR2, CSR4, APS4, APS5, APS8 and NB4D2 parents were selected as lines and testers respectively and 36 multivoltine × bivoltine crosses were prepared. The parents and 36 crosses were evaluated in three rearings conducted at College of Agriculture and Regional Agricultural Research Station, UAS Campus, Raichur during 2007-08 for 16 quantitative traits. D2 statistics results indicated that 24 breeds were grouped into five clusters and the intra cluster D2 distance ranged from 39.40 to 3176.83 implying the prevalence of intra cluster diversity. The magnitude of D2 values ranged from 139.34 to 4282.82 indicated a very high variability. Among the multivoltine × bivoltine crosses, the lines BL43 and MH1 (for eight traits each out of 16) and the testers APS4 and CSR4 (respectively for 5 and 6 traits out of 16) were found to be good general combiners. The cross, BL43 × APS4 was found to be good specific combiner (exhibited highest sca effects for 10 out of 16 traits) followed by PM × NB4D2, APM1 × CSR2 and APM1 × CSR4 (all three crosses exhibited highest sca effects for five traits each out of 16). The magnitude of standard heterosis in desirable direction was highest in BL43 × APS4 for nine traits followed by MH1 × APS5 (for five traits), MH1 × CSR4 and Nistari × CSR4 (for four traits each). Evaluation index revealed that the hybrid BL43 × APS4 ranked superior in eight instances followed by Nistari × CSR4, BL43 × NB4D2 along with APS-series breeds. Multivoltine lines, Nistari, TNW and PM / BL43 respectively ranked for six, five and four instances of superiority for duration and survival traits. Variance due to sca was higher than gca for majority of the traits indicating the predominance of non additive gene action in controlling majority of the traits studied. The hybrid BL43 × APS4, excelled in mean performance, standard heterosis and evaluation index values for most of the traits, followed by Nistari × CSR4. However, the crosses, PM × NB4D2, APM1 × CSR2 and APM1 × CSR4 have manifested highest sca effects for five traits each out of 16 studied.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROSIS IN SOME BIVOLTINE BREEDS OF SILKWORM, Bombyx mori L.
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2009-08-18) SHASHIKANT RAYAR, G.; GOVINDAN, R.
    Investigations were carried out to study the combining ability and heterosis in some bivoltine silkworm breeds through Line x Tester analysis. Seventeen bivoltine pure breeds were reared twice and evaluated for fifteen quantitative traits so as to finally select the parents. Based on the multiple traits evaluation index values, seven oval cocoon breeds viz., SH-6, KPGA, CC-1, CSR-2, CSR-27, KSO-1 and APS-5 were selected as lines and crossed with each of the selected dumbbell cocoon breeds viz., NB4D2, CSR-4, CSR-26, APS-8 and NP-2. All the 35 single cross hybrids and their parents were evaluated across three seasons (rainy, winter and summer) for fourteen quantitative traits. The mean performance among the hybrids was significantly superior in KSO-1 x CSR-4 for eleven traits, followed by SH-6 x CSR-4, KSO-1 x NB4D2, KSO-1 x NP-2, APS-5 x NP-2, APS-5 x CSR-26 and APS-5 x APS-8 for ten traits each. The variance due to specific combining ability (SCA) was higher than that of the general combining ability (GCA) for all the traits, indicating the predominance of non-additive gene action in controlling the traits. The parents, KSO-1, APS-5, CSR-2 and CSR-27 as lines and NP-2 and CSR-4 as testers were the best general combiners for most of the traits. KSO-1 x CSR-4 ranked top by recording the highest specific combining ability for eleven traits. While, KPGA x NB4D2 and CSR-2 x CSR-4, KPGA x APS-8 and APS-5 x CSR-26 hybrids yielded high SCA effects for eight and seven traits each, respectively. Higher heterotic value for majority of the traits was exhibited by KSO-1 x CSR-4, APS-5 x CSR-26, CSR-27 x CSR-4, APS-5 x APS-8 and CSR-27 x CSR-26 hybrids. The multiple traits index value was highest in KSO-1 x CSR-4 and it ranked top among hybrids. Considering the rearing performance, specific combining ability, heterosis and evaluation index, KSO-1 x CSR-4 was adjudged as the potential hybrid for commercial exploitation. Genetic divergence among the seventeen bivoltine breeds indicated a distant diversity as they formed six clusters. The large-scale evaluation of KSO-1 x CSR-4 hybrid at three different locations revealed its better performance over CSR-2 x CSR-4 and KPGA x NB4D2 hybrids.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PHYLLOPLANE MYCOFLORA OF MULBERRY - A SOURCE OF INOCULUM TO ASPERGILLOSIS OF SILKWORM AND THEIR MANAGEMENT THROUGH BOTANICALS
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2009-02-02) SARITHA KUMARI, S.; BHASKAR, R. N.
    The studies on the “Phylloplane mycoflora of mulberry - a source of inoculum to Aspergillosis of silkworm and their management through botanicals” was carried out during 2007–09 at the Department of Sericulture, UAS, GKVK, Bangalore-65. The study indicated that, the spatial distribution pattern of all the three species (Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger & Aspergillus terreus) of Aspergillus was very vivid with height of the plant before and after rain in all the three mulberry ecosystems studied (Kolar {Row system}, Ramanagaram and GKVK {Pit system}). The spatial distribution pattern of A. flavus was more restricted to 15cm (2.67nos/ml) above the ground level compared to other two species of Aspergillus. The in-vitro efficacy of botanical extracts on inhibition zone of Aspergillus revealed significant results. The stock solution of Phyllanthus niruri registered maximum zone of inhibition of 11.02mm followed by Adathoda vasica and Terminalia arjuna. The in-vivo effect of botanical extracts on first, second and third instar inoculated lots of PMxCSR2 and their subsequent growth revealed significant results. However, P. niruri administered batches was recorded increased larval weight (0.030, 0.113 and 0.598g/10), reduced moulting duration (19.85, 19.98, 22.03 and 31.63h), more ET50 (28.78, 50.33 and 73.00hrs) and increased ERR (79.78, 78.89 and 78.00%), spinning (85.11, 85.11 and 84.00%) and all the cocoon and post cocoon parameters. Among three species of Aspergillus sprayed on I-IIIrd instar larvae there was a significant difference with respect to larval, cocoon and post cocoon parameters. Further, the highest larval weight (0.028, 0.106 and 0.615g/10), reduced moulting duration (19.76, 19.88, 21.14 and 31.33h), ERR (75.50, 77.17 and 78.83%), spinning (82.00, 84.50 and 84.50%), cocoon (1.70, 1.71 and 1.72g), shell (0.29, 0.28 and 0.29g), pupal weights (1.35, 1.35 and 1.36g), shell ratio (16.87, 16.69 and 16.63%), silk productivity (3.59, 3.56 and 3.53cg/day), filament length (872.50, 880.02 and 878.02m) and eclosion (69.17, 74.17 and 76.67%) were observed with A. terreus batches followed by A. niger and A. flavus. Whereas, A. flavus registered comparatively less ET50 for symptom expression (25.83, 46.33 and 72.00h) and found highly pathogenic to all the three instars, respectively.