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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.
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ThesisItem Open Access STAGGERING AND OPTIMIZATION OF PLANTING RATIOS TO MAXIMIZE THE SEED YIELD AND QUALITY OF SINGLE CROSS HYBRID MAIZE MAH 14-5 (Zea mays L.)(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2018-08-01) ANIL KUMAR, G. S.; RAMANAPPA, T.M.The present investigation was carried out in two field experiments, one being the staggered sowing to study synchronization of flowering between female (CAL 1443) and male (CML 451) parents of single cross hybrid maize, MAH 14-5 during kharif 2017. The experiment was laid out in RCBD design with five treatments and four replications. The female and male parents sown on same day (S3) showed better synchronization in flowering which in turn resulted significant enhancement in yield parameters like ear length (18.33 cm), number of seeds per row (28.15), ear weight (140.35 g), seed weight per ear (115.75 g), seed yield per plant (140.10 g), seed yield per plot (2.24 kg) and seed yield per ha (34.09 q) in female parent. Another experiment was carried out to optimize the planting ratios during summer 2018. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with five main plot treatments (planting ratios) and two sub plot treatments (zinc nutrient). Planting ratio of 4:2 (female : male) registered significantly higher values for ear weight (141.63 g), ear diameter (4.65 cm), ear length (18.55 cm), number of seed rows per ear (16.13), number of seeds per row (28.13), seed weight per ear (115.75) and seed yield per plant (135.49 g) in seed parent. However, significant differences for seed yield per plot (8.96 kg) and seed yield per ha (35.10 q) was observed in 4:1 planting ratio. Hence, the study concluded that the sowing of male and female parents on same day with planting ratio of 4:1 could achieve better synchronisation of flowering in parents higher seed quality attributes and yield of seed parent.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECTS OF PLANTING GEOMETRY ON SEED YIELD AND QUALITY IN FINGER MILLET (Eleusine coracana L. Gaertn)(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2018-08-01) NCEDISO A., MKHONTA; SIDDARAJU, R.Finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn) is a staple food crop grown by subsistence farmers in the semi-arid tropics and sub-tropics of the world under rainfed conditions. Finger millet is a profuse tillering crop that requires optimum spacing for proper utilisation of light and plant nutrition to express its seed yield potential. Considering the crop characteristics and the need of quality seeds and maximum seed yield for the subsistence farmers, a field experiment was carried out to study the effects of planting geometry on seed yield and quality in finger millet (Eleusine coracana L. Gaertn) at J-Block, NSP, GKVK, UAS, Bengaluru during kharif 2017. The treatments were arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications, each replicate consisting of six different planting geometry viz., Rectangular method at 20 x 10 cm (G1) solid row, Rectangular method at 20 x 20 cm (G2) paired row, Square method at 20 x 20 cm (G3), Square method at 30 x 30 cm (G4), Square method at 45 x 45 cm (G5) and Square method at 60 x 60 cm (G6). The results indicated that planting geometry treatment (G2) rectangular method @ 20 x 20 cm paired row recorded maximum seed yield per hectare (55.64 q/ha). This is mainly due to maintenance of optimum plant population per unit area. While yield attributing characters like number of tiller per hill (7.68), number of fingers per ear head (7.30) and seed yield per plant (65.75 g) were significantly maximum in square method at 60 x 60 cm (G6). This may be due to efficient utilization of resources as the individual plant got more area for absorption of plant nutrients and more light and air for better development of growth characters (Ram et. al., 2013.) Hence, the study could be concluded that rectangular method at 20 x 20 cm paired row plant geometry was found to be suitable for increasing the seed productivity of finger milletThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF PLANTING GEOMETRY AND NUTRITION ON PLANT GROWTH, SEED YIELD AND QUALITY OF OKRA (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench)(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2018-08-01) PRUTHVISHREE, C.; PARAMESH, R.The field and laboratory experiments were conducted to study the effect of planting geometry and nutrition on plant growth, seed yield and quality of okra at NSP, UAS, Bangalore. The experiment was laid out in FRCBD design with 12 treatment combinations replicated thrice which includes three different planting geometry S0 (60 × 45 cm), S1 (60 × 30 cm) and S2 (60 × 60 cm), four levels of nutrients N0 (100 % RDF), N1 (125 % RDF), N2 (150 % RDF) and N3 (200 % RDF) (RDF : 156.25: 93.75: 78.75 kg NPK ha-1). Results revealed that S2 and N1 are superior in plant growth and seed yield attributes viz., plant height (171.79 cm), number of leaves (28.23), number of branches (3.90), internodal length (10.80 cm) and chlorophyll content (60.83 SPAD unit), maximum seed yield plant-1 (69.06 g), seed yield plot-1 (1115.45 g) and seed yield ha-1 (19.36 q) registered and highest seed quality parameters documented under S2N1 such as germination (89.50 %), mean seedling length (35.65 cm), mean seedling dry weight (57.22 mg), seedling vigour index-I (3190) and II (5121) and 100-seed weight (8.60 g). Seed quality was evaluated based on fruit position with FCRD design replicated thrice consisting of three fruit position top (P1), middle (P2) and bottom (P3). It was found that bottom fruits (P3) produced highest quality seeds with maximum germination (88.61 %), mean seedling length (32.77 cm), mean seedling dry weight (50.32 g), seedling vigour index-I (2927) and II (4474), 100-seed weight (7.53 g) and total dehydrogenase activity (2.80), while electrical conductivity (674 μScm-1) of seed leachates recorded minimum in seeds from bottom fruits of okra.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF PLANTING GEOMETRY AND NUTRITION ON PLANT GROWTH, SEED YIELD AND QUALITY OF OKRA (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench)(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2018-08-01) PRUTHVISHREE, C.; PARAMESH, R.The field and laboratory experiments were conducted to study the effect of planting geometry and nutrition on plant growth, seed yield and quality of okra at NSP, UAS, Bangalore. The experiment was laid out in FRCBD design with 12 treatment combinations replicated thrice which includes three different planting geometry S0 (60 × 45 cm), S1 (60 × 30 cm) and S2 (60 × 60 cm), four levels of nutrients N0 (100 % RDF), N1 (125 % RDF), N2 (150 % RDF) and N3 (200 % RDF) (RDF : 156.25: 93.75: 78.75 kg NPK ha-1). Results revealed that S2 and N1 are superior in plant growth and seed yield attributes viz., plant height (171.79 cm), number of leaves (28.23), number of branches (3.90), internodal length (10.80 cm) and chlorophyll content (60.83 SPAD unit), maximum seed yield plant-1 (69.06 g), seed yield plot-1 (1115.45 g) and seed yield ha-1 (19.36 q) registered and highest seed quality parameters documented under S2N1 such as germination (89.50 %), mean seedling length (35.65 cm), mean seedling dry weight (57.22 mg), seedling vigour index-I (3190) and II (5121) and 100-seed weight (8.60 g). Seed quality was evaluated based on fruit position with FCRD design replicated thrice consisting of three fruit position top (P1), middle (P2) and bottom (P3). It was found that bottom fruits (P3) produced highest quality seeds with maximum germination (88.61 %), mean seedling length (32.77 cm), mean seedling dry weight (50.32 g), seedling vigour index-I (2927) and II (4474), 100-seed weight (7.53 g) and total dehydrogenase activity (2.80), while electrical conductivity (674 μScm-1) of seed leachates recorded minimum in seeds from bottom fruits of okra.ThesisItem Open Access INFLUENCE OF SEED TREATMENT AND ANTIOXIDANT SPRAY ON CROP GROWTH, SEED YIELD AND QUALITY IN WHITE COWPEA [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] cv. IT-38956-1(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2018-08-01) SHIVAKUMAR., B.BAGLI.; PARAMESH, R.An experiment was conducted at Department of Seed Science and Technology, UAS, GKVK, Bengaluru during kharif-2017 to study the influence of seed treatment and antioxidant spray on crop growth, seed yield and quality in white cowpea. The seed treatment with micronutrient like FeSO4 1 %, CaCl2 1 %, S 1 % and antioxidant spray viz., ascorbic acid, salicylic acid @ 100 ppm and @ 150 ppm with their combinations with a control includes 15 treatments replicated three times under RCBD. The results revealed that seed treatment with (FeSO4 1 % + CaCl2 1 % + S 1 %) and foliar spray of (salicylic acid @ 100 ppm + ascorbic acid @ 100 ppm) has registered higher crop growth, seed yield, quality and nutritional constituents attributes viz., plant height at 30 DAS (15.41 cm), 60 DAS (27.76 cm) and at harvest (35.06 cm), number of leaves plant-1 at 60 DAS (19.20), number of branches plant-1 at 60 DAS (11.07) and at harvest (12.15), numbers of effective nodules at 60 DAS (16.68), seed size (5.86 cm3), no of pods plant-1 (10.47), no of pods cluster-1 (3.27), pod length (14.86 cm), number of seeds pod-1 (10.00) and seed yield plot-1 (0.83 kg), seed germination (92.50 %), field emergence (86.67 %), mean seedling length (38.42 cm), SVI-I (3553), TDH (4.00 A480 nm), lower EC (515.70 μS cm-1), TSP (23.76 %), iron (63.52 mg kg-1), calcium (0.50 %) and sulphur (0.30 %) compared to control and other treatments.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON SEED STORABILITY OF SWEET CORN (Zea mays L. var. rugosa)(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2018-08-01) ASHWINI, J.P.; DEVARAJU, P.J.A laboratory study was conducted to study the seed storability of sweet corn as affected by the storage condition, chemical seed treatment and packaging material. The study consisted of two different storage conditions viz., ambient and conditional storage (18-20 °C, 30-40 % RH), four different seed treatments viz., untreated, metalaxyl @ 3 g kg-1, emamectin benzoate @ 40 mg kg-1 and metalaxyl @ 3 g kg-1 + emamectin benzoate @ 40 mg kg-1 and stored in three different packing materials viz., HDPE bag, aluminium pouch and metalized pouch for ten months with FCRD in two replications. Seeds treated with both metalaxyl @ 3 g kg-1 + emamectin benzoate @ 40 mg kg-1, packed in aluminium pouch and stored at conditional storage recorded better seed quality attributes viz., germination (83.75 %), seed moisture content (8.05 %), mean seedling length (21.73 cm), mean seedling dry weight (28.74 mg), seedling vigour index I (1821), electrical conductivity (876.4μS cm-1), total dehydrogenase activity (1.232 A480 nm), seed infestation (2.00 %), total soluble sugars (25.35 μg ml-1), and field emergence (71.25 %) up to ten months of storage compared to other treatments. From the study it is evident that sweet corn seeds could be stored up to ten months with less deterioration in seed quality by treating with both metalaxyl and emamectin benzoate, packed in aluminium pouch and stored at condition storage.ThesisItem Open Access STANDARDIZATION OF SEED PRODUCTION TECHNIQUES IN BROWNTOP MILLET (Brachiaria ramosa L.)(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2019-12-04) MADIWALAPPA, A BALUNDAGI; PARAMESH, R.Browntop millet (Brachiaria ramosa L.) is an important small millet, rich in micronutrients and fiber content. It is hardy crop growing in moisture and nutrient limiting condition. It is rich in nutrients, much work not done on planting density and nutrient application is not yet fully standardized in seed production. In the view of above facts study on Standardization of seed production techniques in browntop millet was undertaken at NSP, UAS, GKVK, Bengaluru during rabi 2018 to popularize its importance. Twelve treatment combination were arranged in factorial randomised block design with three replications, which includes three spacing levels (S1 - 22.5 x 10 cm) , (S2 - 30 x 10 cm) and (S3 – 45 x 10 cm) four nutrient levels (N1 - 20:20:0, N2 - 20:20:10, N3 - 30:20:10 and N4 - 40:20:10 NPK kg ha-1 ). The results revealed that treatment combination (S3N4) with wider spacing and higher dose of nitrogen level recorded maximum growth, seed yield and quality attributes viz., plant height (113.26 cm), total number of tillers plant-1 (13.36), total number of productive tillers plant-1 (12.03), panicle weight plant-1 (28.5 g), seed yield plant-1 ( 26.5g), test weight (3.98 g), seed germination (92.53 %), seedling vigour index – I (1714) and SVI- II – (1139), EC (268.17 µS cm-1 ),seed protein content (11.25 % ) and over narrow spacing treatments with less nitrogen application (S1N1) registered (80.15 cm, 8.36, 7.03, 22.28 g, 21.5 g, 3.07 g, 83.6 %, 1435, 868, 372.30 µS cm-1 , and 10.65 % respectively) less values.ThesisItem Open Access ASSESSMENT OF GENETIC VARIABILITY FOR SEED DORMANCY IN GERMPLASM ACCESSIONS OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.)(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2019-11-25) RAMESH, CHANNANNAVAR; Rajendra Prasad, S.In the present investigation, 44 rice genotypes were characterized for 60 morphological traits to assess the genetic variability, dormancy and its duration and chemical methods to overcome dormancy. The experiment was conducted in augmented design at NSP, UAS, GKVK, Bengaluru during Kharif 2018. Coleoptile colour, presence of auricle and ligule etc. were monomorphic some were bimorphic, trimorphic and the remaining were polymorphic, which are useful to distinguish rice genotype. Analysis of variance indicated significant differences among the genotypes for yield and its components traits. The estimates of PCV and GCV were moderate to high while those of heritability were high for plant height, tillers per plant, productive tillers per plant, panicle weight per plant, seed yield per plant, suggesting that phenotypic selection in germplasm accessions of rice would be effective. Thirty four genotypes were very weak, five genotypes were weak, three genotypes were moderate and two genotypes were strong in their dormancy reaction signifying considerable amount of variability exists among the accessions. Seed dormancy positively correlate with seed length and seed length to width ratio while negatively correlate with seedling vigour index I. Seed treatment with GA3 at 1000 ppm found most effective in breaking seed dormancy resulted in high per cent germination (92.20 %), mean seedling length (50.3 cm) and vigour index-I (4612) than other treatments.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON DEVELOPMENT OF SEED PRIMING TECHNIQUES FOR ENHANCING PLANTING VALUE OF PADDY (Oryza sativa L.) UNDER AEROBIC CONDITION(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, GKVK BENGALURU, 2019-10-21) RACHANA, S.; Vishwanath, K.The field experiment was conducted at National Seed Project, UAS, Bengaluru during Kharif-2018 to know the influence of priming techniques on crop growth, seed yield and quality of two vigour levels of paddy cv. IR-64 and MTU-1001 under aerobic condition. The experiment was laid in split plot with three replications consisting nineteen treatment combinations. The results revealed that, all the priming treatments enhanced the crop performance and seed yield. Among treatments, Biophos @ 10% treated seeds recorded highest seed quality, plant growth and seed yield attributes viz., seed germination (89.05%), speed of emergence (74.68), seedling length (35.67 cm), seedling dry weight (11.07 mg), SVI (986), field emergence (93.81%), plant height at 30, 60, 90 DAS and harvest (26.95 cm, 61.73 cm, 82.74 cm and 92.41 cm respectively), tillers plant-1 at 60, 90 DAS and harvest (27.78, 35.16 and 48.33 respectively), panicle weight (4.19 g), panicle length (23.52 cm), spikelets panicle-1 (349.81), productive tillers plant-1 (27.27), seed setting (88.63%), seed yield plant-1 (49.16 g), seed yield plot-1 (0.620 kg), seed yield hectare-1 (51.63 q), seed recovery (93.69%), test weight (24.19 g), higher resultant seed quality viz., seed germination (97.70%), seedling length (39.77 cm), seedling dry weight (10.82 mg), SVI (1084) and total dehydrogenase activity at A480 (1.405) with benefit cost ratio of 1:2.10, followed by Hydropriming and KNO3 @ 0.3%. Magnitude of seed enhancement is higher in Biophos @ 10%, Hydropriming and KNO3 @ 0.3% and these treatments could be used in paddy to enhance crop performance and seed yield.
