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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru

University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.

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20092
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Subject: Seed Science and Technology × Author: PRASHANTH, Y. × Start date: 1970 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON VARIETAL CHARACTERIZATION BASED ON MORPHOLOGICAL, BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR MARKERS IN CHILLI (Capsicum annuum L.)
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2009-07-15) PRASHANTH, Y.; RAMA PRASANNA, K. P.
    Varietal identification and use of specific markers for ensuring genetically pure seed to reach the cultivar has been assuming critical importance in seed industry and agricultural research and development. In the present study 24 chilli cultivars were characterized based on morphological, chemical, biochemical and molecular markers, which serves as distinct identification marker and also intend to assess cultivar diversity. Among the 29 quantitative and 41 qualitative morphological traits studied, hypocotyl colour, hypocotyl pubescence, stem colour, stem length to first bifurcation, stem diameter, branching habit, tillering habit, anther colour, fruit colour at intermediate and maturity stage, fruit shape at pedicel and blossom end, neck at the base of the fruit, fruit length, fruit width, pedicel length, dry fruit weight, 1000 seed weight and seed size could be efficiently utilized for distinguishing the chilli cultivars. Seasonal variations were observed for most of the quantitative characters, while none of the qualitative characters were influenced by the season. Significantly taller and wider plant, longer and wider leaves, longer and broader fruits, heavier and larger seeds were noticed in Kharif than in summer season. However, none of the traits individually could distinguish all the 24 cultivars. Hence, keys based on a set of morphological traits were developed, which was able to distinguish all the cultivars. The studied cultivars did not respond to phenol, modified phenol, NaOH or KOH colour reaction but responded significantly for the exogenous application of GA3, and Kinetin based on which the cultivars could be grouped into different categories, while 2, 4-D at 10 ppm concentration was found to be too toxic for the seeds to produce normal seedlings. Protein marker was able to identify all the twenty four cultivars and can be employed effectively for identification of chilli cultivars, either by presence or absence of bands or with intensity of bands. Malate dehydrogenase isozyme marker gave very little polymorphism and was found to be of little help for characterization studies in chilli cultivars. RAPD markers were found to be an effective tool compared to protein and morphological markers in differentiating the chilli cultivars. Out of the twenty-decamer RAPD primers, ten primers produced polymorphic bands for the studied cultivars. Primers viz., OPAC-07, OPAC-02, OPAC-04, OPAC-5 and OPAC-11 were found to be most efficient in generating polymorphic bands and distinguishing the cultivars. Finally the clusters developed using the morphological, protein and molecular markers assisted in identifying the extent of variation between closely related cultivars. The study has generated some important morphological traits, protein marker and molecular markers that can be effectively employed in distinguishing the chilli cultivars.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON VARIETAL CHARACTERIZATION BASED ON MORPHOLOGICAL, BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR MARKERS IN CHILLI (Capsicum annuum L.)
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2009-09-19) PRASHANTH, Y.; RAMA PRASANNA, K. P.
    Varietal identification and use of specific markers for ensuring genetically pure seed to reach the cultivar has been assuming critical importance in seed industry and agricultural research and development. In the present study 24 chilli cultivars were characterized based on morphological, chemical, biochemical and molecular markers, which serves as distinct identification marker and also intend to assess cultivar diversity. Among the 29 quantitative and 41 qualitative morphological traits studied, hypocotyl colour, hypocotyl pubescence, stem colour, stem length to first bifurcation, stem diameter, branching habit, tillering habit, anther colour, fruit colour at intermediate and maturity stage, fruit shape at pedicel and blossom end, neck at the base of the fruit, fruit length, fruit width, pedicel length, dry fruit weight, 1000 seed weight and seed size could be efficiently utilized for distinguishing the chilli cultivars. Seasonal variations were observed for most of the quantitative characters, while none of the qualitative characters were influenced by the season. Significantly taller and wider plant, longer and wider leaves, longer and broader fruits, heavier and larger seeds were noticed in Kharif than in summer season. However, none of the traits individually could distinguish all the 24 cultivars. Hence, keys based on a set of morphological traits were developed, which was able to distinguish all the cultivars. The studied cultivars did not respond to phenol, modified phenol, NaOH or KOH colour reaction but responded significantly for the exogenous application of GA3, and Kinetin based on which the cultivars could be grouped into different categories, while 2, 4-D at 10 ppm concentration was found to be too toxic for the seeds to produce normal seedlings. Protein marker was able to identify all the twenty four cultivars and can be employed effectively for identification of chilli cultivars, either by presence or absence of bands or with intensity of bands. Malate dehydrogenase isozyme marker gave very little polymorphism and was found to be of little help for characterization studies in chilli cultivars. RAPD markers were found to be an effective tool compared to protein and morphological markers in differentiating the chilli cultivars. Out of the twenty-decamer RAPD primers, ten primers produced polymorphic bands for the studied cultivars. Primers viz., OPAC-07, OPAC-02, OPAC-04, OPAC-5 and OPAC-11 were found to be most efficient in generating polymorphic bands and distinguishing the cultivars. Finally the clusters developed using the morphological, protein and molecular markers assisted in identifying the extent of variation between closely related cultivars. The study has generated some important morphological traits, protein marker and molecular markers that can be effectively employed in distinguishing the chilli cultivars.