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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru

University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.

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Subject: Post Harvest Technology × Author: JADHAV VINAYAK, SHANKAR × End date: 2010 × Thesis Type: M.Tech ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DEVELOPMENT OF PROTO-TYPE FOR DECORTICATION OF CUDDAPAH ALMOND (Buchanania axillaris (Desr.) T.P.Ramamoorthy)
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2010-09-15) JADHAV VINAYAK, SHANKAR; Ramkumar, M. V.
    Buchanania is a tree borne oil nut belonging to the family Anacardiaceae. Historically, this plant has long been used in India and neighbouring regions. The fruit is considered as one of the most delicious wild fruits and the kernels are eaten raw or in roasted form as a substitute for almond. The kernel contains oil (51.8 per cent) which is sweet and has a mild pleasant aroma. It is used as a substitute for olive and almond oils in confectionaries and pharmaceutical preparations. Decortication is the main process in the post harvest processing of Buchanania. Graded and ungraded nuts are the two main categories in Buchanania pod. Therefore, a study was under taken to develop a decorticator for Buchanania nuts at the Division of Agricultural Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore. During processing the ungraded nuts gave maximum output compared to graded nuts. However, the kernel damage was maximum in ungraded nuts. Three pre-treatments were imposed for softening of shell of Buchanania fruits. The damage to the kernel during decortication of Buchanania nuts did not affect the commercial value of the product. A decortication machine was developed to address the important operation of separating kernels from nuts. The prototype machine was tested for both category of nuts and for different machine clearances (7.5 and 8 mm) at different drum speeds (150 and 300rpm), and at 7 and 9 per cent moisture content and different pre-treatments (sand, steam and cold water). The maximum output of 60.31kg/h was recorded in the ungraded nuts at 7.5 per cent moisture content. Among the two clearances (7.5 and 8mm) studied, 8mm clearance found to be the best considering the damages to kernel and decortication efficiency. The maximum efficiency was 98.5% in the graded nuts at 7 per cent moisture content after three passes of the nut. The kernel recovery in sand treatment was higher compared to cold, water and steam. The cost of the developed prototype of Buchanania decorticating machine was Rs. 8400 and the processing cost of converting 1 kg of Buchanania nuts into kernel was only Re.0.51 compared to Rs.10.16 in the traditional processing. The cost-benefit Ratio was 1:1.75.