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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.
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ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON ALTERNARIA LEAF BLIGHT OF ONION {Allium cepa L.)(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-06) CHETHANA, B. S.; KACHAPUR, M.R.Among the several diseases, Alternaria leaf blight is one of the most destructive foliar disease which causes heavy loss in onions. The causal organism of the disease is Alternaria porri (Ellis) Ciff. Studies on Alternaria leaf blight of onion includes, survey for incidence of disease in parts of northern Kamataka, effect of date of sowing on the incidence of the disease, evaluation of varieties for disease resistance, cultural and nutritional studies, in vitro and in vivo evaluation of fungicides. Survey for incidence of Alternaria leaf blight in parts of northem Kamataka revealed that disease was moderate during Kharif\999. The conidiophores were straight or flexuous, septate, pale brown in colour and measured 120 qm in long and 6-10 qm thick, with one or several conidial scars. The fungus reached maximum growth on 12th day of incubation in potato dextrose broth. Potato dextrose medium supported maximum growh of Alternaria porri (Ellis) Ciff. Arabinose and potassium nitrate were found to be best carbon and nitrogen sources for the growth of Alternaria porri (Ellis) Ciff respectively. The highest incidence of the disease was recorded in the early sown crop. But the incidence decreased in late sown crop. Screening of onion genotypes indicated that none of the cultivars were immune and resistance to the disease. But only one genotype Arka kalyan showed, moderately resistant reaction to the disease. In vitro evaluation studies indicated that, mancozeb (Indofil, M -45) and difenoconazole (score) were found to be best systemic and non systemic flingitoxicants against the pathogen respectively. Mancozeb is the best fungicide in controlling the spread of Alternaria leaf blight under field condition. The bulb yield and cost benefit ration were high in mancozeb sprayed treatment.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON SUNFLOWER NECROSIS DISEASE(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-04) HALAKERI, ANAND V.; BYADGI, A.S.Sunflower necrosis disease, causing considerable damage to the crops, is a serious disease and present in almost all parts of Northern Kamataka wherever sunflower in grown. Affected plants were characterised by production of mosaic and chlorotic ringspots. In extreme cases the affected leaves developed marginal necrosis with reduction in leaf size. In later stage of disease development, affected plants produced malformed head and seeds of poor quality. The virus causing necrosis disease in sunflower was sap transmissible but not with ease. It was not transmitted through seeds and dodder. The virus was transmitted by thrips (Thrips tabad) vector from sunflower to sunflower and to tomato. But not by aphids, jassids and whiteflies. The virus had a narrow host range and infected only 3 plant species among 15 different hosts tested belonging to 6 families. The virus had DEP between 10-3 to 10-4, TIP between 35° to 40°C and retained infectivity upto 2 hours at room temperature. Based on symptoms, host range, transmission and physical properties, it was concluded that the sunflower necrosis disease in this area, is probably caused by member of Tomato spotted wilt virus (Tospovirus) group. In early infected crop (15 days after sowing) the disease had a severe effect on yield and yield parameters. The disease reduced yield of sunflower to a tune of 90.86 per cent when app)eared in early stage of the crop growth as compared to 31.69 per cent when appeared late. Field trials indicated that the spread of the disease could be minimised by spraying Imidacloprid (0.025%) insecticide. None of the 56 sunflower hybrids screened were resistant to virus infection, but hybrid UH-32 and 7 others exhibited some tolerant properties.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON GREY LEAF SPOT OF COCONUT CAUSED BY Pestalotia palmarum Cooke(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-04) PRAVEENA, R.; KACHAPUR, M. R.An investigation was undertaken to study the different aspects of grey leaf spot of coconut caused by Pestalotia palmarum Gooke. The fungus was found to survive in the infected debris in the ground for two months and serve as the primary source of infection. Oilpalm was found to act as a collateral host for the survival of the fungus. The pathogen was found to be a wound parasite. In older leaves early infection and symptom development were observed. Alternate cycles of light play a major role on disease development. The fungus produced maximum mycelial growth on exposure to 12 hours light first followed by 12 hours darkness. Sporulation was found to be excellent under 12 hours darkness first then 12 hours light and good under continuous darkness. The disease manifests during cool and dry months and intensive blighting occurs in summer months. Per cent disease index was found to be negatively correlated with weather parameters viz., maximum and minimum temperature, rainfall and relative humidity. Parthenium and Ocimum leaf extracts showed high fungitoxic value against the fungus. The fungus Trichoderma viride produced 82.70% inhibition of mycelial growth of Pestalotia palmarum. The bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens also inhibited the growth of the fungus. Of the nine fungicides evaluated against the fungus, Carbendazim (0.1%), Triademefon (0.1%), Tridemorph (0.1%), Hexaconazole (0.1%), Propiconazole (0.1%) and Mancozeb (0.2%) showed complete inhibition of the fungal growth. Under in vitro conditions systemic chemicals were found to be most effective against the pathogen followed by plant extracts. Out of the six varieties and two hybrids screened, the dwarf varieties viz., Chowghat Dwarf Orange, Chowghat Dwarf Green and Malayan Dwarf Yellow showed resistant reaction.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON LEAF BLIGHT OF ONION (Allium cepa Var. cepa Linn.) CAUSED BY Alternaria porri (Ellis) Cif.(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-04) SHIVAKUMARA, G.B.; NAIK, KESHAV S.The investigation was carried out to know the morphological, cultural, nutritional, physiological characters and host range of the pathogen, production of toxic metabolite by the pathogen, susceptible stage of the host, reaction of host genotypes, botanical fungicides against the pathogen and economical spray schedule of the recommended fungicide. Conidia were straight or curved, ellipsoidal tapering towards the beak which is commonly about the same length as the body, but may be shorter or longer, pale to mid golden brown, measured 105-295 q length and 14-18 p thick in the broadest part, with 6-12 transverse and 0- several longitudinal septa. On the basis of the above description the pathogen was identified as Altemaria porri (Ellis) Cif. Potato dextrose agar and Czepeks broth were found the best solid and liquid media respectively for the growth of the fungus. The mycelial growth reached its peak on 12^ day after incubation. Sucrose and potassium nitrate were found the best carbon and nitrogen sources respectively, for the growth of the fungus. Temperature of 25°C was found to be optimum for the growth. The presence and effect of toxic metabolite in the culture filtrate of the fungus was observed through the wilting of tomato cuttings. The pathogen infected 14 different plant species. The manifestation of symptoms also varied in different plant species. Susceptibility increased with the increase in the age of the host plant. None of the genotypes were found immune to the disease. However, genotype Arka-Kalyan found moderately resistant. Out of 3 commercially available botanical fungicides, four plant extracts and one chemical fungicide tested, mancozeb was found best in controlling the disease. Nimbicidin was found to be superior among the botanical fungicides tested. Among four different sets of spray tested, four sprays and three sprays were on par in reducing the disease and increasing the yield. The relationship between the PDI and bulb yield was linear and negatively correlated. One per cent increase in the disease intensity, decreased the yield by 0.465 q/ha.ThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF SOYBEAN [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] GENOTYPES FOR HORIZONTAL RESISTANCE TO LEAF SPOT (Phyllosticta glycines Thuem.)(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-05-25) KUMAR, ASHOK; ANIL KUMAR, T.B.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON ROOT ROT DISEASE OF Arachis hypogaea L. CAUSED BY Rhizoctonia bataticola (Taub.) Butl.(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2000-10-21) BHAT, AMRUTA. S.; SESHADRI, V.S.ThesisItem Open Access TRANSMISSION, SCREENING FOR RESISTANCE AND EPIDEMIOLOGY OF SUNFLOWER NECROSIS VIRUS DISEASE(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2000-08-03) SHIVASHARANAYYA; NAGARAJU, Dr.ThesisItem Open Access FIELD AND MOLECULAR EVALUATION OF TOMATO GENOTYPES AGAINST TOMATO LEAF CURL VIRUS(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-07-12) CHANDRASEKHAR, .S; Muniyappa, V.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON THE ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE Meloiclogyne incognita (KOFOID AND WHITE) CHITWOOD ON MULBERRY (Moms alba L.) AND ITS MANAGEMENT(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-03-31) ZAHEER AHAMED, B.; NANJE GOWDA, D.