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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.
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ThesisItem Open Access VARIABILITY OF PROTEIN, ANTI-NUTRITIONAL FACTORS AND HARDNESS IN RICE BEAN SEEDS (Vigna umbellata)(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, GKVK BENGALURU, 2019-09-30) MANISH CHANDAN, S.; Krishnaprasad, B. T.Rice bean is one of the underutilized leguminous crops. It has good nutritive quality as it contains appreciable levels of carbohydrates, fatty acids and essential amino acids like tryptophan and methionine. Despite their nutritional potential, the usage of pulses in routine cuisine is limited due to the presence of antinutritional factors and seed hardness. In the present study, 49 accessions of rice bean were evaluated for seed hardness and other physical parameters in comparison with other Vigna species. Total crude protein and antinutritional factors were quantified in released varieties of rice bean and other Vigna species. Seed hardness of rice bean accessions after soaking and boiling ranged from 12.55 N to 16.65 N and 2.52 N to 4.94 N, respectively. The hardness of boiled seed of rice variety KBR-1 was lower than cowpea but higher than black gram and green gram. Physical parameters such as swelling capacity and water uptake were not correlated to seed hardness among the accessions examined in this study. Compared to other Vigna species rice bean had least protein content. The highest protein content of 19.02 percent was observed in KBR-22. Antinutritional factors among the released varieties of rice bean were also examined. KBR-22 recorded lowest quantity of phytic acid, trypsin inhibitor and saponin. KBR-22 had less trypsin and saponin content than cowpea and green gram but phytic acid content was higher than in other Vigna species. Information obtained in this study could be made use of in popularizing the use of rice bean in routine diets.ThesisItem Open Access SCREENING OF TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum L.) F4 MAPPING POPULATION FOR HIGH LYCOPENE CONTENT(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, GKVK BENGALURU, 2019-08-27) PRIYANKA, B.; SHYAMALAMMA, S.Tomato F4 mapping populations (140) exhibited wide variations for growth, yield and biochemical traits. Higher plant height (141.8 cm) and fruit yield per plant (1182.6g) were recorded in progeny 52. Higher primary branches per plant in progeny 3 (6.78), maximum fruit length (7.17 cm) in progeny 83, maximum fruit width (6.22 cm) in progeny 15 and maximum pericarp thickness (8.5 mm) was recorded in progeny 17. The progeny 49 recorded higher fruit width (5.64 cm), higher number of fruits per plant (21) and individual fruit weight (73.57 g) compared to average mean values. The biochemical parameters such as lycopene content was higher in progeny 68.5 (27.18 mg/100g FW), total carotenoid content was higher in progeny 45.3 (31.2 mg/100g FW), total phenol content was more in progeny 101.4 (63.5 mg GAE/100g FW) and TSS content was higher in progeny 35.4 (5.9 °Brix). Genetic variability studies revealed, higher GCV and PCV values for individual fruit weight (38.4 and 36.3), fruit yield per plant (28.1 and 28.3), lycopene content (37.60 and 37.26) and total carotenoid content (32.11 and 30.21), respectively. The heritability estimates were high for all the biochemical parameters studied. Since the present study was carried out in fourth generation, the population needs to be forwarded up to seventh generation to stabilize the growth and fruit quality traits for further selectionsThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF LOWER NUMBER OF COMPOST TEA SPRAYS AND SEED TREATMENTS ON GROWTH PROMOTION, YIELD AND ON DISEASE MANAGEMENT IN POTATO (Solanum tuberosum L.) AND GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea) CROPS: BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF COMPOST TEA INDUCED RESPONSE(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2018-09-25) SANDEEP, D.; VEENA, S. ANILCrop diseases like late blight of potato and tikka of groundnut cause extensive yield losses globally. The excessive use of agrochemicals leads to environmental pollution and health hazards, and thus development of alternative approaches of biocontrol becomes important. One such approach is the foliar spray of ‘compost teas’. Aerated and non-aerated fermentation are the two dominant approaches in preparation of compost tea. Earlier study of Anil and coworkers, 2017, showed that, ten foliar sprays of aerated compost tea in an integrated formulation helps in management of Late blight and an enhancement of potato tuber yield. In this study we used the potato variety kufri jyoti and groundnut varieties GKVK5, GKVK13 and TMV2 to evaluate the efficacy of compost tea under field conditions. Five sprays of compost tea along with single spray of fungicide and compost tea seed treatments showed higher biomass, yield (15%) and lower disease severity in potato. In case of groundnut, five or ten sprays of compost tea along with single fungicidal spray helps to manage tikka disease and enhances yield (15- 18%). Increased levels of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, phenols and flavonoids indicated defense preparedness in compost tea treated potato and groundnut plants. Compost tea fermented for four days, showed increased levels of proteins, superoxide dismutase, phenols and flavonoids as compared to compost water. In-vitro study of compost tea and compost tea bacterial isolates showed inhibition of pathogen, Ralstonia growth. The results showed that compost tea based strategy is an effective biocontrol and biofertilizer in potato and groundnut crops.ThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIO FERTILIZER AND BIOLOGICAL CONTROL ACTIVITIES OF AERATED AND NON- AERATED COMPOST TEA AGAINST LATE BLIGHT IN POTATO AND BLAST DISEASE IN RICE CROPS(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-08-16) ROOPASHREE, K. M.; Veena, Anil SDevastating crop diseases such as Late Blight of Potato and Blast of Rice cause extensive loss of yield globally. The environmental pollution caused by excessive use of agrochemicals, has led to use of biological alternatives such as ‘Compost tea’, an enriched microbial liquid suspension. Earlier work by Anil and Coworkers showed that, aerated Compost Tea (ACT) in an integrated formulation with reduced fungicide (RF) increased plant biomass, chlorophyll, yield and managed Late Blight in Potato field experiments, (Anil et al., 2017). The objective of the present study was to comparatively evaluate the effects of aerated and non-aerated compost tea (ACT & NCT), along with the reduced number of sprays (ACT5, and NCT5) on Potato and Rice crop. All aerated and non aerated compost tea treatments with ten and five sprays resulted in higher biomass, increased chlorophyll, yield. ACT10 sprays among all treatments managed Late Blight of Potato and Blast of Rice to the best extent. However, lower number of sprays and nonaerated formulations also managed the disease. Biochemical analysis indicates induced systemic resistance by induction of defense as evaluated by increased SOD, POX, Phenolic and flavonoid levels. An evaluation of microbial composition showed compost teas have a rich microbiota. The fungal and bacterial isolates from compost tea showed significant inhibition of P. infestans and M. grisae on dual plate inhibition assays. The results of this study indicate that Compost tea based strategy is an eco friendly, effective biocontrol and biofertilizer in managing Late Blight of Potato and Blast of Rice.ThesisItem Open Access ETHNOBOTANICAL SURVEY AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF WILD MUSHROOMS FROM THE PARTS OF WESTERN GHATS REGION OF KARNATAKA(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2015-06-02) SANTHOSH, D B; Earanaa, NWestern Ghats of Karnataka is one of the richest biodiversity hotspot in India, which receives an average rainfall of 2869 mm and provides congenial atmosphere for the growth of variety of mushrooms. In the present study eleven mushrooms were collected from Siddapura, Theertha halli and Agumbe forest area during monsoon season (June-September) with the help of Siddi, Adivasi and Alakki tribal community. During collection, the field information was recorded and the samples were designated as WGM- 1, WGM-2, WGM-3, WGM-4, WGM-5, WGM-5, WGM-7, WGM-8, WGM-9, WGM-10 and WGM-11. Further, these mushrooms were identified by ITS region sequence homology using NCBI data base. The mushrooms identified based on sequence homology are Lentinus squrossulus (WGM-1), Pleurotus salmoneostramenius (WGM-2), Termitomyces sp. (WGM-3), Termitomyces sp. (WGM-4), Leucoagaricus purpureolilacinus (WGM-5), Tricholosporum porphyrophyllum (WGM-6), Agrocybe pediades (WGM-7), Leucocoprinus birnbaumii (WGM-8), Podoscypha petalodes (WGM-9), Xylaria sp. (WGM-10) and Antrodia serialis (WGM-11). Among the eleven mushrooms identified, WGM-1, WGM-2, WGM-3, WGM-4 and WGM-5 were belonging to edible species. The two mushrooms viz., Lentinus squrossulus (WGM-1) and Termitomyces sp. (WGM-4) was cultured in-vitro on Potato Dextrose Agar and conserved.ThesisItem Open Access BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON SOME PROMISING MAIZE (Zea mays L.) CULTIVARS FOR NUTRITIOINAL QUALITIES(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2012-12-18) BHARATH KUMAR, N K; CHANDRU, RMaize is an important cereal crop in the world providing nutrition to millions of people. In recent times, Maize cultivation is improving in our country with the release of number of varieties and hybrids. An investigation was undertaken in the department of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore to evaluate the physico chemical properties, biochemical composition and nutritional qualities of four selected Maize varieties viz., NAC-6002, NAC-6004, Hema and Nithyashree. Carbohydrate was calculated by difference and calorific value was computed using Atwater constants. Trace minerals were estimated by Flame photometry. Color was estimated using Hunter lab color difference meter. In vitro protein and starch digestibility were estimated. Protein fractions and β-carotene were estimated. Physical characteristics of grains, physico-chemical and functional properties of flour was estimated. The investigation revealed variations in most of the parameters studied. Variation in size of the grain, weight and density was evident, NAC-6004 exhibited good cooking quality. None of the varieties was found suitable for popping. Oil absorption capacity was highest in NAC-6002 (110.95%) and hydration capacity was highest in Nithyashree (173%). The crude fat content varied from 3.51 to 4.75 per cent. Hema was found to be richest source of β-Carotene. In vitro protein digestibility was highest in Hema (64.18%) and least in NAC-6004 (55-56%). Osborn and Mendel method was found to be efficient in extracting protein fractions. Starch content varied between 49.80 to 53.55%, and amylose content varied between 24.605 to 30.7%. Starch digestibility was highest in Hema (67.05%) and least in NAC-6004 (56.68%).