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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru

University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.

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201920
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Subject: Genetics and Plant Breeding × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2019 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 20
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROSIS IN SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.)
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, GKVK, BENGALURU, 2019-08-09) NIHARIKA, B.
    An investigation was carried out to the assess general combining ability (gca) and per se performance of the parental lines and testers, and specific combining ability (sca) and heterosis of the hybrids generated by crossing twelve CMS lines (CMS 17 A, CMS 56 A, CMS 58 A, CMS 59 A, CMS 1103 A, CMS 103 A, CMS 275 A, CMS 335 A, CMS 597 A, CMS 850 A, CMS 911 A, NDCMS 2A ) with six testers (RHA GMU 755, RHA GMU 756, RHA GMU 762, RHA GMU 763, RHA-278, RHA 95 C 10) following line × tester mating design. The parents and the resulting 72 hybrids along with four checks (KBSH- 41, KBSH- 42, KBSH- 44 and KBSH- 53) were evaluated in augmented design at the ZARS farm, UAS, Bengaluru during rabi/ summer season (2018 - 19) for gca, sca and heterosis. The parents CMS 17 B, CMS 597 B, CMS 56 B, CMS 335 B, CMS 911 B, NDCMS 2B, RHA GMU 756, RHA GMU 755, RHA GMU 763 and RHA 95 C 10 were identified as good general combiners for productive per se traits. The hybrids CMS 335 A × RHA 95 C 10, CMS 911 A × RHA GMU 755, CMS 58A × RHA GMU 755 and CMS 17A × RHA 95 C 10 were identified as good specific combiners for seed yield and its attributing traits and also exhibited high heterosis for multiple traits including seed yield plant-1.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Identification of drought tolerant recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross NRCG 12568 × NRCG 12326 in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) through seedling vigour, root studies and per se performance
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, GKVK, BENGALURU, 2019-08-10) JEFFIN GEORGE
    The present study was carried out with an objective to identify drought tolerant recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross NRCG 12568 × NRCG 12326 in groundnut. Different strategies like field evaluation under well watered (WW) and water stress (WS) conditions, laboratory screening under moisture stress induced by standardized concentration of PEG-6000, drought tolerant indices based rank sum method and biplot analysis was employed to achieve this objective. The PEG-6000 concentration was standardized to -0.4 MPa for inducing WS in groundnut. Among the RILs evaluated for drought tolerance, RIL 125, 275 and 258 were found to be drought tolerant based on all the above approaches. The RILs 175, 101, 239 and 245 were identified as drought tolerant based on all the approaches except biplot analysis. The selected drought tolerant and susceptible RILs were subjected to root phenotyping under WW and WS conditions in specially constructed root structure. The association studies of root length, root length to shoot length ratio, root volume, root dry weight and root to shoot dry weight ratio with pod yield revealed a highly significant positive correlation under water stress condition. Also the above identified drought tolerant RILs found to have a well developed root system under WS condition. The increase in root length, root volume, root to shoot length ratio, root dry weight and root to shoot dry weight ratio helped the plants to draw water from dee
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    IDENTIFICATION OF TRADITIONAL RICE (Oryza sativa L.) GENOTYPES TOLERANT TO COLD AND HEAT STRESS
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2019-11-27) AKSHATHA, H. R.; SHAILAJA, HITTALMANI
    Rice is susceptible to a variety of abiotic stresses including cold and heat stress that affects the grain yield. Genetic resources for tolerance of these stresses are available in indigenous races. 60 rice landraces and two aerobic rice varieties were evaluated under summer, kharif and late kharif, 2016 representing heat stress, control and cold stress situation during reproductive stage of the crop respectively. Evaluation at germination stage was done at 28±3°C and 42±3°C for heat tolerance. Similarly, for cold tolerance seeds were germinated at 28 ºC for 7 days (control) and 13 ºC for 15 days (cold). Fourteen stress indices were computed to quantify the response to both germination and reproductive stage cold and heat stress. Geometric mean and arithmetic mean were found effective for selection of genotypes for grain yield plant-1 under reproductive stage-cold and heat stress respectively. At germination stage, stress tolerance index was found best for germination per cent, shoot length and root length under both cold and heat stress. Marker validation was done using fourteen cold-tolerance and seven heat-tolerance specific SSR markers in the genotypes identified based on the effective indices giving more reliable result. At reproductive stage, Jeerigebattha and Sampige battha 2 and at germination stage, Marabattha and Puttabattha were tolerant to both stresses. These genotypes in future can serve as elite genetic material for developing suitable varieties for cold and heat stress situations.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN BAMBARA GROUNDNUT
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, GKVK, BENGALURU, 2019-08-19) CHANDANA, B. S.
    Bambara groundnut is an important underutilized crop rich in protein and comparable to cowpea and groundnut having nutritional benefits and also has certain constraints like presence of antinutritional factors which hinder its utilization. The present investigation was conducted to study the nature and magnitude of genetic variability and identification of protein rich genotypes with lower levels of antinutrional factors in bambara groudnut. Thirty genotypes were sown in kharif 2018 in experimental field plots of Genetics and Plant Breeding UAS, GKVK, Bengaluru. The genopypes were evaluated by following RCBD design with five replications and observations for ten quantitative traits were recorded. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among all the genotypes. The estimates of genetic variability parameters and heritability coupled with genetic advance were higher for most of the characters. Grouping of genotypes into clusters using Tocher’s method resulted in the formation of 4 clusters. Thirteen out of thirty genotypes were selected for nutritional and antinutritional estimation. Analysis of variance for nutritional and antinutritional factors revealed significant differences among the genotypes. Protein content was highest for S-165A and lowest for SG-8. Antinutrients such as phenol content was lowest for SG-7 and highest for S-165A, phytic acid content was lowest for SG-8 and highest for DODRTZ, tannin content was lowest for SG-7 and highest for S-165A. The genotypes such as S-165A, uniswa red, SG-7 had high yield and high protein content. SB-42 derived mutant SG-7 had higher yield, higher protein and lower levels of phenol, phytic acid and tannin content.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETICS OF FODDER YIELD AND ITS CONTRIBUTING TRAITS IN FODDER COWPEA (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.)
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2019-09-09) KHANDU RUDRAPPA KEDARI; KRISHNAPPA, M. R.
    There is an essential need to develop high yielding varieties in fodder crops to meet out the current increasing demand for green fodder. So useful information on genetics of fodder yield and its contributing traits helps in enhancing pace and efficiency of breeding programmes for developing high yielding varieties. Genetics of fodder yield and its contributing traits was unraveled using simplified triple test (STTC) and combining ability cross analysis during 2018-2019, at the experimental plots of Zonal Agricultural Research Station (ZARS), University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru. STTC analysis revealed the important role of epistasis in the inheritance of fodder yield and its contributing traits. The estimates of additive and dominant genetic variance were biased due to epistasis but magnitude and direction of bias varied with traits. The results suggests not to ignore epistasis in the studies designed for determining the relative magnitude of additive and dominant genetic variances controlling the target traits. Combining ability analysis revealed predominance of dominant gene action in the inheritance of all the traits except for days to plant height, leaves plant-1 and green fodder yield plant-1 for which additive gene action was predominant. The lines MFC-09-1 and EC-394839 (for productivity per se traits) and testers KBC-5 and IC-402101 (for productivity per se traits) identified as good general combiners, could be used as parents in the development of high biomass yielding varieties.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETICS OF FODDER YIELD AND ITS CONTRIBUTING TRAITS IN FODDER COWPEA (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.)
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2019-09-09) KHANDU RUDRAPPA KEDARI; KRISHNAPPA, M. R.
    There is an essential need to develop high yielding varieties in fodder crops to meet out the current increasing demand for green fodder. So useful information on genetics of fodder yield and its contributing traits helps in enhancing pace and efficiency of breeding programmes for developing high yielding varieties. Genetics of fodder yield and its contributing traits was unraveled using simplified triple test (STTC) and combining ability cross analysis during 2018-2019, at the experimental plots of Zonal Agricultural Research Station (ZARS), University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru. STTC analysis revealed the important role of epistasis in the inheritance of fodder yield and its contributing traits. The estimates of additive and dominant genetic variance were biased due to epistasis but magnitude and direction of bias varied with traits. The results suggests not to ignore epistasis in the studies designed for determining the relative magnitude of additive and dominant genetic variances controlling the target traits. Combining ability analysis revealed predominance of dominant gene action in the inheritance of all the traits except for days to plant height, leaves plant-1 and green fodder yield plant-1 for which additive gene action was predominant. The lines MFC-09-1 and EC-394839 (for productivity per se traits) and testers KBC-5 and IC-402101 (for productivity per se traits) identified as good general combiners, could be used as parents in the development of high biomass yielding varieties.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETICS OF IRON, ZINC AND SEED YIELD IN COWPEA (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp)
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2019-08-23) VEERESH ANGADI; Marappa, N.
    An investigation was carried out to unravel the genetics of iron, zinc, seed yield and its attributing traits in cowpea following five parameter model proposed by Hayman (1958) and to identify transgressive segregants for iron, zinc and seed yield in F2 populations derived from Pant lobia-5 × IC-27749, Pant lobia-2 × EC-402104, Pant lobia-2 × NBC-39 and Pant lobia-5 × EC-402104. As the joint scaling test was significant for most of the traits, additive-dominance model was inadequate to explain the inheritance of all the traits studied except for seeds pod-1 in Pant lobia-5 × IC-27749 where joint scaling test was non-significant. Dominance genetic effects found to be highly significant for plant height, branches plant-1, pod yield plant-1 and seed yield plant-1 indicating that these traits were controlled by dominant gene action. Both additive and dominance effects were significant for pod length, iron and zinc content. Duplicate type of epistasis was observed for pods plant-1 in cross Pant lobia-2 × EC-402104, pod yield plant-1 and pod length in cross Pant lobia-2 × EC-402104 and Pant lobia-5 × EC- 402104, seed yield plant-1 in cross Pant lobia-5 × EC-402104 and iron and zinc in all crosses. Thirty eight transgressive segregants were identified in F2 population for iron, zinc and seed yield in all the crosses could be further utilized in cowpea crop improvement programme.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    IDENTIFICATION OF PIGEONPEA (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.) HYBRIDS WITH HIGH GREEN POD YIELD AND SMD RESISTANCE
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2019-08-22) MURTUJASAB SOPISAB; RAVISHANKAR, P.
    Twenty four hybrids were developed in pigeonpea for vegetable purpose by crossing four lines and six testers in L × T mating design during Kharif 2017. These hybrids along with 10 parents and two checks (BRG 1 and BRG 3) were evaluvated in RCBD with two replication for combining ability for fresh pod yield and its component traits, reaction to sterility mosaic disease and heterotic effect during Kharif 2018 at GKVK Bengaluru. Predominance of additive gene action was observed in the inheritance of pod bearing length, fresh pods plant-1, fresh seeds pod-1, fresh seed yield plant-1 and 100 fresh seed weight. Predominance of non-additive gene action was observed for days to 50% flowering, plant height, branches plant-1, racemes plant-1 and fresh pod yield plant-1. The lines ICPL 87091 and BRG 4 were identified as good general combiners for fresh pod yield and its component traits. The hybrids of cross BRGL 24-2 × BRG 1, ICPL 87091 × BRGL 9-2 and BRGL 24-2 × BRGL 13-8 exhibited high heterosis over both the checks and were identified as promising hybrids for fresh pod yield and its component traits. The crosses ICPL 87091 × BRG 3, ICPL 20325 × BRG 3, BRGL 24-2 × BRG 3, BRG 4 × BRG 3 and ICPL 20325 × Hy3C preferred for resistant to sterility mosaic disease. ICPL 87091 × BRGL 9-2 and ICPL 87091 × BRG 1 were identified as promising hybrids based on fresh pod yield plant-1 and resistant response to sterility mosaic disease.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MALE STERILITY INDUCING CYTOPLASM EFFECTS ON PRODUCTIVITY PER SE TRAITS IN PIGEONPEA (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.)
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, GKVK BENGALURU, 2019-08-24) HANUMARADDI G SATYARADDI; ONKARAPPA, T.
    Hybrids cultivar development through CGMS system should be devoid of any undesirable cytoplasmic effects on grain yield and its component traits. To know the cytoplasmic effects if any in pigeonpea, a comparative assessment of CGMS- based hybrids with their maintainer counterparts in isogenic background was carried out. Male sterility inducing cytoplasmic effects on parental gca effects, hybrid mean performance, sca effects and mid parent heterosis for grain yield and its component traits was investigated by evaluating 30 pigeonpea alloplasmic hybrids (15 each of A × R and B × R crosses involving 3 CMS (A) lines and their maintainer (B) lines and 5 restorers (R) lines along with standard check variety BRG 5 at experimental plots of ZARS, UAS, GKVK, Bengaluru. Expression of pod bearing length and pods plant-1 were influenced by cytoplasm as A and B lines differed significantly for their gca effects in all three nuclear genetic backgrounds. Significant variation was observed within A × R and B × R group of hybrids for all the traits. There was no significant difference between A × R and B × R hybrids for overall mean performance and sca effects but for mid parent heterosis cytoplasm influenced the expression of few characters. The direction and magnitude of significant differences were observed in few nuclear genetic backgrounds for the traits were varied and not favoured any particular cytoplasm, indicating no influence of cytoplasm on the expression of hybrids used in the study.