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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.
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ThesisItem Open Access IDENTIFICATION OF CROSSABILITY BARRIERS IN INTERSPECIFIC CROSSES OF SESAME(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-07) TARIHAL, RAMESH; SRIDEVI, O.ThesisItem Open Access GENETICS OF YIELD, YIELD ATTRIBUTES, TOMATO LEAF CURL VIRUS (ToLCV) RESISTANCE AND MOLECULAR DIVERSITY IN Lycopersicon spp.(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2000-09-23) CHANDRA SHEKARA, A.C.; KULKARNI, R.S.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON RESPONSE TO SELECTION FOR SEED COTTON YIELD IN SEGREGATING GENERATIONS OF COTTON (Gossypium hirsutum L.)(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-07) DOMNAL, S.M.; PATIL, S.S.The study was undertaken to test the efficiency of early generation selection in both compact and robust genotypes. For this purpose, three compact crosses viz., RACH-1, RACH-2 and RACH-3 were utilized. The robust crosses involved in the study were DHH-11, NHH-44, RAHH-1 and RAHH-133. Thus, selection response was studied in both compact and robust crosses. The comparison of response among compact and among robusts was done. Further, the response in compact crosses was compared with the response observed in robust crosses. In the cross RACH-2, selection response was estimated over diverse environments to quantify the association between those diverse environments which in turn, help to identify the genotypes suitable for (diverse climatic conditions. Correlated response for different quantitative and quality traits was done in each cross irrespective of robust and compact type. Heterosis and inbreeding depression was estimated in segregating generations of both compact and robust crosses. Potential lines were identified in all the crosses utilised for the study. Finally, an attempt was made to find out the strength with which each character is associated to yield in both selected and unselected Fa population of the cross RACH-2.ThesisItem Open Access COMPARISON OF MATING .AM) SELECTION SCHEMES IN BREEDING FOR HIGHER PRODUCTIVITY IN CHICKPEA {Cicer arietinum L.)(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-07) KAMPLI, NAGARAJ; SALIMATH, P.M.An investigation was carried out to compare the mating and selection schemes in breeding for higher productivity in the cross ICCV-10 X BG-256 of chickpea. For this purpose biparental mating (BIP) was attempted in F2 of this cross to generate BIP population. At the same time, with selling, two breeding bulks VIZ., selected bulk (SB) and random bulk (RB) were created by applying appropriate standard selection procedures. Parents, Fi BIP SB RB and check Annigeri were evaluated for yield and its important component traits in the Botany garden of Agriculture College, Dharwad. The mean values of BIP were higher than those of SB and RB for all the characters under study. Mean value of BIP even exceeded the mean of F, for all the characters except plant height and 100-seed weight. In general BIP showed wider range in desirable direction. The magnitudes of genotypic' and phenotypic variations were enhanced in BIP for all the characters except secondary branches. Similarly, estimates of heritability and genetic advance were also high in BIP for all the characters followed by that of SB and RB. Biparental mating also resulted in shifts in the magnitude as well as the direction of correlation co-efficients. Negative association of 100-seed weight with seed yield was observed in SB and RB while it was positive and significant in BIP. Similarly, negative association was observed between plant height and 100-seed weight and pods per plant and 100-seed weight in SB and RB which became positive though non-significant in BIP Altered correlations indicated that intermating in F2 was effective in breaking some undesirable linkages. The direct effects of pods per plant and 100-seed weight as well as indirect effects of other traits through these two traits were positive but low in selfs while they were higher in BIP. In general, BIP population showed higher frequency of Lransgressive segregants followed by SB and RB for individual traits as well as for combination of important component characters. Though the study has clearly highlighted the distinct advantage of BIP over selfing series, in a self-pollinated crop like chickpea, it can be used only sparingly. However, the results have shown that, SB is the next better choice rather than RB in the selfing series for improving yield.ThesisItem Open Access PROTEIN AND ISOZYME VARIATION AND ITS RELATION TO STRESS RESPONSE IN GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea L.) GENOTYPES(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-07) SALIMJAVED, S.; Gowda, Dr.M.V.C.The potential of protein and isozyme polymoiphism for varietal identification and to monitor abiotic stress resistance in Arachis hypogaea L., was explored in the present investigation. Thirteen genotjpes, comprising eleven cuhivars and two potential genotypes under adoptive trials and ten mutants encompassing foliar disease resistant mutants and their susceptible counterparts were evaluated for protein and iso2yme polymorphism. These genotypes were also subjected to various abiotic stresses and response in terms of growth and protein and isozyme variation was studied. Of four enzymes assayed, only Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase was polymorphic. It could differentiate uptp subspecies level only. For Peroxidase and Super Oxide Dismutase only tissue specific variation was observed. However, protein profiles were more variable. Seed, root and hypocotyl protein profiles had three, three and four electrophoretic phenotypes, respectively. All the three protein profiles were used in combination for varietal identification. This could uniquely identify seven out of thirteen cultivars. The other three groups comprised of two cultivars each. The genotypes were subjected to moisture stress using PEG. In case of temperature and salt stress, induction studies were carried out Genotypes differences were clearly seen under temperature stress but only limited variation was noticed under salt stress. In cultivars, two protein bands (Rf value 0.19 and 0.23) were polymorphic under moisture and temperature stressed conditions. They were present in resistant cultivars even under stress but absent in susceptible cultivars. In case of mutants, the resistant counter parts performed better under both moisture and temperature stresses. The two polymorphic bands (Rf 0.19 and 0.23) were absent in some mutants under moisture stress. Under temperature stress, only one band (0.19) was absent. Two bands of Peroxidase (Rf value 0.628 and 0.686) were induced under stress. These bands were constituthely Present in I 15 e, an interspecific derivative, which has performed better under temperature stress. The precise identity of these protein bands and regulation of Peroxidases need to be elucidated so that these could be used as potential markers for abiotic stress tolerance.ThesisItem Open Access VARIABILITY AND EARLY GENERATION SELECTION RESPONSE FOR PRODUCTIVITY RELATED TRAITS IN SAFFLOWER (Carthamus tinctorius L.)(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-07) HIREMATH, INDUDHAR; Ravikumar, Dr. R. L.Two hundred and ninty six progenies of safflower derived from 10 different segregating populations were studied for variability and early generation selection response for productivity related traits. The mean squares due to genotype were significant for majority of the characters in all the progenies. The highest GCV and PCV were observed for seed yield, test weight and number of seeds per capitulum. The GCV and PCV in different progenies suggest that, the variability generated depends to a large extent on the parental genotypes and the trait under consideration. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for test weight and number of seeds per capitulum in all the groups of progenies suggesting the additive gene action for these traits. The seed yield had strong and positive association with number of capitula per plant, number of branches and test weight and negative association with oil content and number of seeds per capitulum. On the other hand, oil content was positively associated with number of seeds per capitulum and capitulum diameter. Path analysis indicated that, number of capitula, test weight, number of seeds per capitulum and capitulum diameter had higher direct effect on seed yield. Hence, combination of these four characters in optimum proportion would constitute a desirable plant type for high oil yield. Intergeneration correlation and heritability estimates revealed that, seed yield is highly influenced by environmental conditions. Hence, early generation selection for seed yield may be based on component traits such as test weight, number of seeds per capitulum, capitulum diameter and number of capitula per plant. The gaint, bushy and basal branching mutants did not breed true. The spinelessness and white flower colour appeared to be governed by recessive genes. A few progenies with high oil yield have been identified for further testing.ThesisItem Open Access INHERITANCE OF PARANODULATION TRAIT IN RAINFED UPLAND RICE (Oryza sativa L.)(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-07) GURUDATTA, B. V.; GURUDATTA, B. V.; SHENOY, V. V.; SHENOY, V. V.An investigation was carried out to study the inheritance of paranodulation in rainfed upland rice. The genotypes Hakkalasali and Gopal Dodiga were used as high paranodulating parents and Rasi was the low paranoduiating parent in two low X high paranodulation crosses, viz., Rasi X Hakkalasali and Rasi X Gopal Dodiga. The Fi, F2 and parents were studied for paranodules per seedling, root length, shoot length, root:shoot ratio, seedling length and seedling dry weight. The high paranodulating parents had significantly higher mean paranodulation over the low paranodulating parent indicating that the parents were distinct for the trait. There were no perceptible differences for isozymes GDH and POX between the parents. Positive heterosis was observed for all the observed traits. The paranodulation in F2 showed discrete distribution exhibiting a significant goodness to fit with 9 low: 7 high paranodulating types indicating operation of digenic complementary interaction (duplicate recessive epistasis) in the genetic regulation of paranodulation. At the individual loci, low paranodulation was dominant over the high paranodulation, whereas, between the loci, high paranodulation was epistatic over the low.It is proposed to designate the loci as Pnodl and Pnod2. exhibiting complementary digenic interaction. The variable pattern of association of seedling traits witli paranodulation in the two crosses indicated that the traits can not be used as markers for paranodulation, except for root:shoot ratio. The low root:shoot ratio resulted in higher paranodulation. The study involving seven high paranodulating genotypes indicated that Azospirillum strain ACD15 was superior to ACD20 for colonisation of paranodules, because it colonised in all the seven genotypes, but the latter colonised in only five. The Rhizobium strain NC92 showed colonisation in genotypes Champakali and Hakkalasali, also indicating that rhizobia can succeed in colonisation of rice paranodules in a genotype dependent manner.ThesisItem Open Access GENETIC STUDIES ON INTER AND INTER PLANT TYPE CROSSES INVOLVING COMPACT AND ROBUST COTTON(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-07) KATNALLI, DANAPPA S.; PATIL, S.S.Cotton is one of the important commercial crops of our country. Existing robust cotton genotypes are productive but have inaccessibility for plant protection. Compact cotton genotypes have advantages of plant protection efficiency, short duration and suitability for machine picking. Present study was undertaken for evaluation of inter and intra plant type crosses involving compact and robust cotton genotypes. Interplant type (robust x compact) crosses were developed through line x tester mating design and intraplant type (robust x robust) crosses were developed through 7x7 dialleal mating design. Most of the inter and intraplant type crosses expressed significant heterosis over mid and better parents for all the characters studied. GCA variance was found to be significant and higher in magnitude than significant SCA variance for all the characters. There were potential inter and intraplant type crosses involving both parents with high gca effects for yield and yield component characters in desirable direction. These crosses also expressed significant sea effects for all the characters. The robust parents RAH221, RAHlOl and SP46 and compact parent Anjali were identified as best general combiners based on pooled gca score method. Among intrahirsutum crosses, the mean values observed for different quantitative characters indicate that in intracompact cross, seed cotton yield was lower as compared to intrarobust and interplant type crosses. The comparison of interplant type crosses and intrarobust crosses revealed that, even though interplant type crosses showed reduction in plant stature, they were more productive and heterotic for seed cotton yield. The trend was different when a similar comparison was made on interspecific crosses. It was observed that, the crosses of robust hirsutum x barbadense are more productive than those of compact hirsutum x barbadense.ThesisItem Open Access EXPLOITATION OF HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY USING LINE X TESTER ANALYSIS IN SESAMUM {Sesamum indicum L.)(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2000-12-14) VEENA, T.; SURYANARAYANA REDDY, B.G.