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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru

University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.

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Subject: Genetics and Plant Breeding × End date: 1949 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INPLANTA TRANSFORMATION AND MOLECULAR AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF EARLY GENERATION TRANSGENIC TOMATO PLANTS (Solanum lycopersicum L.) OVEREXPRESSING PgNHX1 GENE
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 18-11-11) ABDULJAWAD AHMAD MOHAMAD, ALI; SAVITHRAMMA, D. L
    Tomato is a widely distributed annual vegetable crop adapted to a large variety of climates. However, in spite of its broad adaptation, production is concentrated in a few warm and rather dry areas. In these areas with an optimal climate for tomato, salinity is a serious constraint for maintaining high productivity. Salinity has a negative effect on tomato yield as it decreases fruit weight and marketable yield. Although, there are comparatively salt tolerant relatives of tomato, it has proved difficult to enrich elite lines with genes from wild species that confer tolerance because of the complexity of the trait. One possible mechanism by which plants could survive salt stress is to compartmentalize sodium ions away from the cytosol and this is performed by sequestration of Na+ ions into the vacuole through the action of Na+/H+ antiporter. So the overexpression of this gene would provide higher salt tolerance in transgenic plants. In the present study, a reproducible protocol for floral dip transformation of tomato has been used. The frequency of transformation was eleven percent. Transgenic tomato lines overexpressing Na+/H+ antiporter (PgNHX1) gene was developed. The transgenic nature of these plants was confirmed by PCR with gene specific primer (PgNHX1), marker gene (hptII) and reporter gene (GUS) primers and transcript level of the gene was analyzed using reverse transcription analysis (RT-PCR) and ten lines recorded as high expression level. The enhanced levels of proline, high retention of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, total soluble sugar and relative water content in roots, young leaves and old leaves in transgenic plants as compared to non-transformed control was observed. In addition, cell viability and total soluble solids in fruits conferred better tolerance of transgenic lines for NaCl induced salinity stress (250mM NaCl). High germination percentage and better seedling vigour was observed in presence of 100mM NaCl with 20mg/L hygromycin. Though, these plants accumulated high Na+ and less K+ ions, but showd high K+/Na+ ratio as compared to control plants. They were able to grow, flower and set fruits in the presence of 200mM of NaCl in T1 and 250mM in T2 generation.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF CYTOPLASM ON FRUIT YIELD AND ITS ATTRIBUTES AND RESPONSE TO ANTHRACNOSE RESISTANCE IN CHILLI (Capsicum annuum L.)
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 18-11-11) HARITHA, BOLLINEDI; Mohan Rao, A
    Considering that male sterile inducing cytoplasm of the hybrids is associated with susceptibility to biotic stresses as evidenced by devastation of Texas cytoplasm-based corn hybrids due to the outbreak of southern leaf blight, commercialization of cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterile (CMS) hybrids in chilli would be justified if CMS hybrids offer additional benefits either in terms of improved performance or they are comparable to conventional hybrids specially for defense traits. Under this premise, an investigation was carried out at the Experimental Plots, ‘K’ Block and Hot Pepper Improvement Unit, Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru during 2010 dry and rainy seasons, to assess the cytoplasmic effects in terms of parental gca effects, hybrid mean performance, sca effects and mid parent heterosis on fruit yield and its attributes and response to anthracnose in chilli. Sixty iso-nuclear alloplasmic hybrids {synthesized involving two CMS (A) lines, their counterpart fertile (B) lines and ten restorer (R) lines} which included 20 each of A × R, B × R & R × B crosses, were evaluated for fruit yield and its attributes and reaction to anthracnose (as assessed by the size of the lesion caused by the pathogen upon artificial infection following microinjection method using Hamilton Micro Syringe). The significance or otherwise of differences between pair-wise comparison among A × R, B × R & R × B crosses was considered as evidence for cytoplasmic influence or otherwise, respectively. Cytoplasmic influence on parental gca effects, hybrid mean performance, sca effects and mid-parent heterosis varied with trait as well as nuclear genetic background of the crosses. However, there was no definite trend favoring or otherwise any particular cytoplasm. Where detected, the magnitude of cytoplasmic influence was minimal with little practical significance.