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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru

University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.

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2010 - 2019182020 - 20239
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Subject: Forestry × Start date: 2010 × Type: Thesis ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 27
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ASSESSMENT OF TREE COMPOSITION AND THEIR ROLE IN REGULATING ENVIRONMENT QUALITY IN THE URBAN ECOSYSTEM
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES BANGALORE, 2023-04-07) ABHILASH K P; DEVAKUMAR A S
    Urban trees provide many ecosystem services, including carbon sequestration, air purification, and biodiversity conservation rendering the atmosphere to remain clean. The present study investigates the diversity of trees that were present in different landscapes such as residential areas, tree avenues, parks, industrial areas, and around the lake in Bengaluru city. A total of 44 tree species belonging to 23 families were found of which, Saraca asoca, Santalum album found among the species are considered as vulnerable and Michelia champaca is endangered in the Karnataka region according to the IUCN red list of tree species. Among the tree species, the highest carbon sequestration per tree was found to occur in Peltophorum pterocarpum and the lowest was in Tabebuia argentea. It is found that dust accumulated on trees present on the roadside due to vehicular movement was more, compared to the roads with less vehicular movement. Similarly, dust produced during pre-monsoon periods was more compared to post-monsoon. Among the dominant tree species found in the urban landscapes, Gravillea robusta recorded the highest photosynthetic rate and the least was recorded in Spathodia companulata. Pongamia pinnata recorded the highest reduction in photosynthesis due to dust deposition while Swietenia mahagoni recorded the least reduction. Based on the physiological response and pollution tolerance levels of the tree species it is found that Swietenia mahagoni has the highest ability to tolerate stress caused by pollution. Thus, growing appropriate tree species in different parts of the urban areas depending on the pollution rates are necessary. Growing trees not only ameliorate climate but can also help in conserving biodiversity and other ecosystem services.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    QUANTIFICATION OF SURFACE WATER CONTAMINANTS FROM AGROCHEMICALS IN RURAL AND TRANSITION ZONES OF BENGALURU
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2023-02-15) UDAY KUMAR, S. N.; A. S. Devakumar
    Surface water is a life-saving, limited but easily accessible natural resource essential for the survival of all living organisms. In the case of humans and livestock, it is also essential for food production. Due to urbanization and an increase in the population water scarcity has increased due to contamination. Agriculture inputs are one of the major sources of contamination and the present study is an effort to analyze this in rural and transition zones of Bengaluru, one of the fastest-growing cities in India. In the major fertilizers used by the farmers, it is found that there are high concentrations of heavy metals, especially in zinc sulphate and phosphatic fertilizers compared to urea and ammonium sulphate. The higher levels of arsenic, cadmium, chromium and lead were recorded in zinc sulphate, diammonium phosphate, single super phosphate and muriate of potash. Based on the analysis of the physicochemical properties of water bodies in the agroecosystems it is found that surface water bodies during post-monsoon were found to have excellent to good water quality, while in the pre-monsoon they were found to be excellent to moderate in quality for irrigation. Based on Horton’s assessment surface water in the south and north rural parts of Bengaluru falls into the excellent water quality class. In the transition zone, all the surface water samples from the north and southern parts were in good to excellent water class during the post-monsoon season. Whereas in pre-monsoon, the majority of surface water bodies are found in the good water category. Thus, in general, the water quality of surface water bodies in the agroecosystems of the transitional zone of Bengaluru is more contaminated compared to the rural zone which can be attributed to contamination caused by higher chemical inputs used in agricultural activities in this region.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    HABITAT SUITABILITY ASSESSMENT OF CROP RAIDING ELEPHANT POPULATION IN CENTRAL WESTERN GHATS USING GEOSPATIAL TECHNIQUES
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2021-12-22) VIPUL KUMAR; S. RAGHAVENDRA
    Elephas maximus, commonly known as the Asian elephant is an endangered species. Habitat loss and fragmentation lead to an increase in crop raiding in these areas. The present study was carried out to assess the suitable habitat for the elephant in Shakleshpur and Alur taluks in Central Western Ghats. Habitat Suitability Model was developed for elephants by using remote sensing and GIS. Variables such as Land Use Land Cover, Forest cover, Proximity to water source, Elevation, and Slope were used to create a suitability map. Analytical HierarchyProcedure was used to assign weightage to each variable. In this study ever green forest area and built up area was found to be 23% and 40 % respectively. 16 % offorest area was found to be dense to medium. Average elevation was around 900msl. More than half of the area had slope less than 8 % and is near the water source. The study identifies that the forest cover is decreasing due to the conversion of agricultural land which has a severe impact on elephant habitat. Also southeastern pocket of Central Western Ghats is more suitable since Nor theastern part has more human inhabitants. Hence southeastern pocket can be developed into the protected area and marginally suitable areas into a community reserve.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PERFORMANCE OF COWPEA AND FODDER SORGHUM UNDER FODDER TREE BASED AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2021-12-01) HARSHITHA, M.; C., Hanumanthappa
    The study entitled “Performance of cowpea and fodder sorghum under fodder tree based agroforestry system” was carried out at Agroforestry unit, ZARS, GKVK, Bengaluru during 2020-21. The experiment consisted of ten treatment combinations replicated four times under RCBD. Main plots consisted of fodder trees viz., Agase, Calliandra, Gliricidia, Moringa and Subabul. Whereas, sub lots consisted of fodder sorghum and fodder cowpea. The cowpea variety (KBC-9) was used @ 25 kg ha-1 . Whereas, fodder sorghum variety (COFS-31) was used @ 30 kg ha-1. These were sown as intercrops under different perennial fodder trees. The result showed that, highest green biomass production was recorded in Subabul (25.84 kg tree-1 annum-1) followed by Gliricidia (25.28 kg tree-1 annum-1) and less biomass production was recorded in Calliandra (8.48 kg tree-1 annum-1). The highest fodder sorghum yield was 2366 kg ha-1 and highest cowpea yield was 2217 kg ha-1. Among fodder trees, Moringa had highest protein content of 20.16 per cent followed by Subabul was 18.87 per cent, Economics of fodder trees revealed that, the highest net returns was recorded in Agase (Rs. 21705 ha-1) followed by Subabul (Rs. 18553 ha-1). So, the best fodder trees that can be used for agroforestry system were Agase and Subabul. The net returns of cowpea (Rs. 22590 ha-1) and sorghum (Rs. 21273 ha-1) under Agase was found to be the highest. So, it was concluded that intercropping of fodder sorghum and cowpea with Agase would be better to get good growth and economics under agroforestry system.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON TEAK (Tectona grandis Linn. f.) BASED AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, BANGALORE, 2021-11-11) BHARATH, S.B.; MAHADEVAMURHTY, M.
    The study entitled “Studies on teak (Teactona grandis linn. f.) based agroforestry system” was carried out from October 2020 to May 2021 at agroforestry unit, ZARS, GKVK Bengaluru. The study involved quantification of litterfall, litter decomposition, carbon sequestration and to know the influence of Teak on growth and yield of intercrop. Litter production over the months varied significantly throughout the study period. The accumulated litterfall during the study period in T1 (12 m × 3 m), T2 (10 m × 3 m) and T3 (8 m × 3 m)was 394.66 Kg/ha,562.51Kg/ha and 837.05 Kg/ha respectively and the averagedecomposition rate constant of Teak was found to be 0.235 k month-1. In addition to this carbon sequestration potential of Teak in T3 was observed as 164.6 t/ha. Growth parameters like plant height, number of leaves and number of branches was found to be more for agricultural crop which was grown as main crop when compared with intercrop with Teak. Growth parameters of teak like height and girth was seen higher in the T1(12 m × 3 m)i.e., 8.70 m and 0.47 m respectively.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON CHARACTERISTICS OF DUMPING YARD LEACHATE FROM MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE AND THEIR IMPACT ON SOIL, WATER, CROP AND HUMAN HEALTH
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2020-12-24) KIRAN, S. C.; Nagarajaiah, C
    The Leachate produced from municipal solid waste open dumping site of Bengaluru, India was examined to know Leachate transfer potential, pollution potential and enumeration of microbial population, to know the spatial and temporal variation in soil, ground and stream water. To know the impact of leachate at different leachate concentration (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 %) on growth and biomass production of cabbage was conducted under greenhouse condition. The survey has also been conducted for correlating the facts regarding human health. The leachate collected during summer has higher leachate pollution index followed by winter and rainy season. Potentially heavy metals in leachate derived from dumping site have transfer potential till 3 to 4 km in soil and ground water and till 5th km in stream water. Cordially high content of heavy metals in the leachate, the groundwater and soil near the dumping site are polluted may be due to redox potential. The enumeration of microbial population in ground water and stream water resulted as increase in population with decrease in distance in summer fallowed by winter and rainy season. The survey results are also in line with information collected from primary health centre regarding human health and results obtained.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ASSESSMENT OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES UNDER DIFFERENT LAND USE SYSTEMS IN SEMIARID CONDITIONS
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2023-02-22) UTHAPPA, A. R.; A. S., Devakumar
    The study was conducted in different land use systems viz., tree plantations (Tectona grandis, Terminalia bellirica, Swietenia macrophylla, Artocarpus hirsutus), natural forest, horticulture (Mangifera indica), agroforestry (Melia dubia) and agriculture at University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru. Litterfall patterns, quantity and quality varied among the tree based ecosystems. Highest litter accumulation was recorded under A. hirsutus and least under T. grandis. The litter decomposition rate was higher in T. grandis and T. bellerica compared to A. hirsutus and S. macrophylla while in natural forest it was moderate in nature. Among the abiotic factors rainfall is found to be more crucial for litter decomposition. The initial litter chemistry content varied between the species and also the concentration of nutrients in the litter varied considerably with time among the tree species. The soil physico-chemical and biological properties varied between the systems. Dehydrogenase activity, available potassium, pore space and iron content emerged as critical soil traits. Based on soil quality index, land use systems are in the following descending order; natural forest followed by S. macrophylla, agroforestry, T. bellirica, T. grandis, A. hirsutus, agriculture and horticulture systems. The soil and litter fauna found to vary among the land use systems. The influence of abiotic and biotic factors on litter mineralization and nutrient release is found to occur because of the changes seen in litter and soil fauna. Further, the quantity of mineral nutrients released upon mineralization of litter is not sufficient to sustain desired levels of major nutrients in the soil. Thus, even under undisturbed tree based land use systems soil nutrient content are low under the semiarid climatic conditions, indicating the susceptibility of soils. Under the predicted climate change scenarios, the conditions may lead to desertification, and therefore need management interventions for undisturbed natural forests, and certainly for arable land.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PHYSIOGRAPHIC, MORPHOMETRIC AND BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON Pongamia pinnata L. Pierre (HONGE) FOR ITS SUITABILITY FOR BIO-DIESEL PRODUCTION –A QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE APPROACH
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2021-06-12) MAYUR, A M; BALAKRISHNA, GOWDA
    The study on Physiographic, Morphometric and Bio-chemical traits was taken up to understand the variation on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of seeds and oil content in Pongamia pinnata L. in different rainfall zones of Hassan district. The results revealed significant variation among the rainfall zones. The girth was found to be highest in low rainfall (0.93 m) and least in high rainfall area (0.60 m). The maximum height was found in high rainfall (7.5 m) and was least in low rainfall area (5.6 m). The reproductive parameters were maximum in low rainfall zones, but the results showed reverse trend for seed parameters. The seed oil content was maximum for low rainfall (24.5 %) and was least in high rainfall zone (22.5%). However, the results did not show significant variation between the locations in each of these rainfall zones. Similarly, tree-to-tree variations in each of the three sources studied were found to be significant for all the parameters. The moisture content was found to be highest in high rainfall (15.93%) and least in low rainfall area (9.55%). The fatty acids varied significantly along the three rainfall zones of the study area. The highest content of the palmatic acid (12.04 %), stearic acid (6.03 %), oleic acid (8.48 %) and linoleic acid (5.36 %) was detected in low rainfall zone followed by medium rainfall zone except for the oleic acid and the lowest content of this entire chemical component were detected in the high rainfall zones.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    POTENTIALS AND CHALLENGES OF COLLABORATIVE FOREST MANAGEMENT: A COMPARATIVE CASE OF UTTARA KANNADA, KARNATAKA AND MAU FOREST, KENYA
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2021-12-27) SYALLOW DOROTHY, MASIGA; SYALLOW DOROTHY, MASIGA; SYALLOW DOROTHY, MASIGA; SYALLOW DOROTHY, MASIGA; SYALLOW DOROTHY, MASIGA; PRASANA, K.T; PRASANA, K.T; PRASANA, K.T; PRASANA, K.T; PRASANA, K.T
    This study was conducted to examine status of collaborative forest management through the operations of Village Forest Committees (VFCs) in Karnataka and Community Forest Associations (CFAs) in Kenya, to understand achievements and bottlenecks. It focussed on the social capital indicators (membership), livelihood opportunities presented to involved communities, roles of VFCs and CFAs in forest management and resultant outcome on forest status, and the community attitudes. Data were gathered through questionnaire survey, focus group discussion, scheduled field monitoring and secondary sources. Results indicated fair community engagement level in the VFCs, constituting over 50% of population in eligible areas, while CFAs unveiled low membership of 6% - 23.00%, owing to lack of benefits and CFA governance matters. Benefit sharing was the main gain to VFC’s through village development funds, further, VFC managed micro credit facility supported member’s economic activities. CFA members gained from forest use rights in the form of Non-Timber Forest Product Collection (NTFP) and forest-based enterprises. Both VFCs and CFAs were engaged in tree cover expansion. Village forest development fund was key funding source for VFC’s, while the CFAs depended on scarce member registration/renewals fees and grants, limiting scope of activities implemented. Overall, forest offence incidences declined and was linked to VFC presence; however, Forest encroachments cases were on the rise, signifying existing pressures on forests. In Mau, forest recovery was observed nonetheless characterized by fluctuating forest cover, depicting existing pressures. Generally, VFC (62.23%) and CFA (48.67%) members exhibited favourable attitudes towards CFM specifically for enhancing community participation and access to forest use. CFM offers opportunities for sustainable forest management; financial sustenance of the community structures and proper governance enhance effectiveness of their operations.