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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru

University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.

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2015 - 20176
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Subject: Forestry × End date: 2017 × Start date: 2012 ×
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Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ASSESSMENT OF TREE DIVERSITY, PRODUCTIVITY AND CARBON SEQUESTRATION POTENTIAL OF DIFFERENT AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-10-13) DODDABASAWA; Mahadeva Murthy, M.
    The present investigation ‘Assessment of tree diversity, productivity and carbon sequestration potential of different agroforestry systems’ was carried out during 2015-16 and 2016-17 in north eastern Karnataka covering six districts on farmers fields. Bund and boundary plantings were the major traditional agroforestry systems practiced by the farmers in both rainfed and irrigated ecosystems. Tree number varied with farm holding size and kind of agroforestry systems and was positively correlated. Shannon’s diversity index was higher with small farmer followed by medium and large farmer and mean number of species was more influenced by the prevailing ecological condition of the location. 27 tree species belonging to 15 plant families with 92.6 per cent being indigenous were recorded in rainfed ecosystem. Azadirachta indica was the most predominant species followed by Acacia nilotica, Ziziphus mauritiana and Tamarindus indicus. While under irrigated ecosystem, 52 tree species belonging to 25 families with 85 per cent being indigenous were dominated by Tectona grandis followed by Azadirachta indica and Cocos nucifera. The grain yields of pigeonpea in association with neem under rainfed ecosystem and teak under irrigated ecosystem were lower near the tree line at 5 m distance compared to at 10 m and 15 m distances, however, different agroforestry systems did not reveal significant variation in yield. In all, yield was lower in agroforestry systems compared to control. Nevertheless, positive influences of agroforestry system were visible on soil properties, energy use efficiency, carbon sequestration and carbon sustainability compared to food grain based system, and trees in agroforestry systems accounted for 50 to 70 per cent higher carbon sequestration than the conventional agriculture.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE AND HETEROGENEITY OF SEED ORIGIN PLANTING MATERIAL ON GROWTH VARIATIONS IN Melia dubia Cav.
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-08-05) RAGHAVA, B.; Devakumar, A. S.
    This study is an attempt to assess the growth of Melia dubia in different locations of Karnataka. Four-year-old trees, grown under rainfed and irrigated conditions. Girth of the trees varied from as low as 0.40 m under rainfed conditions to as high as 0.60 m under irrigated condition and in height it ranged from as low as 3.27 m to 7.82 m respectively. The tree volume ranged from as low as 0.043 m3 in rainfed condition to as high as 0.172 m3 in irrigated condition. The above ground standing biomass of a tree varied from as low as 17.53 Kg tree-1 under rainfed to as high as 68.97 Kg tree-1 under irrigated condition. Results indicate that Melia dubia perform well under rainfed condition and responds well when grown under irrigated condition. Growth of Melia dubia is found to perform better than silver oak and teak under rainfed conditions. Large variation in the number of individuals found in different girth classes of the same age indicate the variation in growth due to heterogeneity of planting material of seed origin. The loss of productivity due to heterogeneity was found to the tune of 71 and 74 percent under rainfed and irrigated conditions respectively.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON UTILIZATION OF BY- PRODUCTS OF BIODIESEL FOR BIOGAS PRODUCTION
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-08-01) NEELIMA, HOODA; Prasanna, K. T
    Biogas is generated from the anaerobic digestion of organic wastes and is rapidly emerging means for providing continuous energy generation. A large amount of nonedible oil cakes and glycerine is produced as by-products of biodiesel production that can be used as substrates for biogas production. This study presents the summary of results obtained in anaerobic digestion of pongamia oil cake, pongamia deoiled cake and glycerine with different proportions of cow dung for 75 days. The study revealed that the pH recorded in cow dung slurry was 7.2, pongamia oil cake slurry 5.9, pongamia deoiled cake slurry 6.6 and glycerine 8.5 suggesting significant differences in pH among the biogas substrates used. After 75 days of anaerobic digestion, a decrease was recorded the pH of treatments in which glycerine was in major proportions while in treatments without glycerine, a increase in pH was observed. However, no significant changes in EC were recorded in different treatments during the period of study. Increase in N, P and K content of biogas spent slurry was recorded after anaerobic digestion. A significant decline was observed in organic matter content, volatile solids and C:N ratio at the end of the experiment. Highest decline in C:N ratio was recorded in T4 with 9:1 cow dung and glycerine 75 days after anaerobic digestion. The cumulative biogas production after 75 days was significant only in T4 with 9:1 cow dung and glycerine. This suggests that optimum amount of glycerine could enhance biogas production manyfolds but excess glycerine can lead to accumulation of volatile fatty acids, lowering pH of the slurry and affecting biogas production potential.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    SELECTION OF INDIGENOUS FOREST TREE SPECIES RESPONDING TO HIGH CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) CONCENTRATION
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-07-30) PRIYANKA, V. S.; Mahadeva Murthy, M.
    Rise in the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases under global climate change warrants an urgent need to understand the mechanisms associated with plant growth and development. Selection of appropriate indigenous forest tree species would help in sequestering the increasing CO2 levels in the atmosphere. Therefore, the present study was conducted with two levels of CO2 (ambient 400 ppm and elevated 550 ppm) and one year old seedlings of indigenous species, namely Syzygium cumini, Dalbergia latifolia, Eugenia jambolana, Pterocarpus marsupium, Terminalia catappa, Mamia surgi, Pongamia pinnata and Madhuca latifolia. The leaf area and leaf dry weights were higher in Eugenia jambolana under CO2 enrichment. The dry matter production in Syzygium cumini (67.8 g/plant), Terminalia catappa (54.4 g/plant), Eugenia jambolana (53.9 g/plant) and Pongamia pinnata (52.9 g/plant) were higher at elevated CO2 levels. The root/ shoot ratio was decreased in all species except the Madhuca with higher CO2 concentration. An increased NAR was observed in Pongamia pinnata (805.4 mg. dm-2). Photosynthetic rate, leaf area duration and biomass production were high in Syzygium cumini at elevated CO2 concentration. In overall, the elevated CO2 resulted in higher water use efficiency through decreased stomatal conductances with relatively higher photosynthetic rates. Although, the data on gas exchange traits needs to be confirmed, based on the growth parameters, Syzygium cumini, Pterocarpus marsupium, Terminalia catappa, Mamia surgi and Eugenia jambolana found responsive to elevated CO2. These species can be recommended for afforestation as these indigenous species possess rapid growth rates and CO2 sequestration.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ESTIMATION OF CARBON FOOTPRINT IN CULTIVATION OF MAJOR AGRICULTURE CROPS IN INDIA
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-07-25) DIKSHA SAH; Devakumar, A. S.
    Global climate change has emerged as the most prominent environmental issue all over the world which need immediate attention to prevent further deterioration of the environment. It is also one of the biggest developmental challenge of the present time due to its influences on the focal possibilities for sustainable development. The effects of climate change is already felt all over the world, in diverse forms ranging from shifting weather patterns, receding glaciers, crop losses, altered distribution of precipitation, increased frequency and intensities of floods and droughts, and serious ecological imbalances. All these changes have severe ramification on economic growth. Major cause of climate change is increase in concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON DECOMPOSITION OF LEAF LITTER AND NUTRIENT DYNAMICS OF Simarouba glauca AND Calophyllum inophyllum AGRO-FORESTRY TREE SPECIES
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2015-02-24) PRASANNA KUMARA, M; Hattappa, S
    Field experiment, “Studies on decomposition of leaf litter and nutrient dynamics of Simarouba glauca and Calophyllum inophyllum agro-forestry tree species” was conducted at GKVK, Bengaluru and ARS Hassan during winter and summer 2014-15. The experiment comprising of sixteen treatments consisting of two tree species, two depths, two locations in two seasons, laid out in factorial RCBD with three replications. The leaf litter production quantified for two seasons during winter and summer (November to April 2015) in Simarouba and Calophyllum at two locations revealed that the highest leaf litter fall was recorded during winter in Simarouba (24.33 kg tree-1 month-1) and lowest in Calophyllum (2.7 kg tree-1 month-1) during summer. The microbial activities showed significant differences at 90 days after leaf litter decomposition in two tree species. The urease (102.09 μg NH4 -1 g-1 soil 2hr-1), DHA (112.6 μg TPF g-1 soil day-1) and phosphatase (29.2 and 23.3 μg PNP g-1 soil) activity was recorded highest in Simarouba plantation compared to Calophyllum plantation. The available soil nutrients were significantly higher at 90 days after leaf litter decomposition in Simarouba plantation (N-193.8 kg ha-1, P-32.6 kg ha-1, K-362.6 kg ha-1 and S-29.7 ppm) compared to Calophyllum plantation (N- 174.5 kg ha-1, P-25.6 kg ha-1, K-246.41 kg ha-1 and S-24 ppm), respectively. The Simarouba tree species litter had a higher initial nutrient content and released its nutrients faster with higher proportion than the Calophyllum tree thus significantly higher soil fertility was obtained in Simarouba agro-forestry system.