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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.
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ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON SEED SOURCE AND NURSERY MANAGEMENT REGIME IN INDIAN SANDALWOOD (Santalum album L.)(2025-12-30) SHWETHA, V. R.; M. MAHADEVAMURTHYA study was conducted to identify the potential seed sources from different regions of Karnataka and to develop nursery management regime for sandalwood. Seeds were collected from seven different locations of Karnataka (S1-Bevinahally; S2-Doranalu; S3-Gottipura; S4-Gungaraghatti; S5-Muddenahally; S6-Narasapura; S7-Tavarekere) and to compare S8-Marayoor seeds were procured from Kerala Forest Research Institute. Seed source S8 (68.66%) displayed the highest germination. Among the Karnataka seed sources S3-Gottipura (51.67%) recorded the highest germination and growth parameters. To improve the germination of Gottipura seed source, three distinct priming methods were employed, viz., biopriming with Pseudomonas fluorescens and Trichoderma viride, nutripriming with varying concentrations of KNO3 and MnSO4, and hydropriming with double distilled water. Nutriprimimg with MnSO4, at 0.4M concentration for 3 days, yielded optimal germination (84.00%), and hydroprimimg yielded lowest germination of all priming methods. Next step in nursery management regime is selecting suitable container and optimizing potting media for quality stocking production. Different types and sizes of container and potting media were evaluated. Out of 20 combinations studied 30 cm x 20 cm poly bag, in combination with a potting media soil, rice husk, and farmyard manure in 2:1:1 ratio, consistently recorded superior seedling growth. The assessed growth attributes, were significantly enhanced with this specific combination. Later growth attributes of the species was evaluated with six different host species (Crotalaria juncia, Mimosa pudica, Casuarina equisetifolia, Cajanus cajan, Crotalaria retusa and Alternanthera sessilis). Host species Crotalaria retusa recorded the highest growth attributes. Economic viability of the the treatments was also assessed. These series of experiments collectively offer a holistic framework for Indian sandalwood nursery management regimeThesisItem Embargo DESIGN AND DIAGNOSIS SURVEY OF TREES IN DIFFERENT AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM OF RAMANAGARA TALUK(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2023-03-30) GAGAN, S.; C. NagarajaiahThe study on ‘Design And Diagnosis Survey of Trees In Different Agroforestry System of Ramanagara Taluk’ was conducted during the year 2021-22 district comprising viz., Ramanagara, Channapatna, Kanakapura, Magadi Taluks. Bund and boundary plantings were the major traditional agroforestry systems practiced by the farmers whereas Horti-silviculture system was the major groforestry system followed by large farmers. The crop productivity with respect to grain and straw yields of finger millet under neem and teak based different agroforestry systems were documented lower compared to control. The cost-benefit ratio under agroforestry systems reported to be higher in association with other field crops further Hortisilviculture system recorded higher cost benefit ratio compared to other agroforestry systems. Higher carbon sequestration potential was observed in agroforestry systems than the conventional agriculture. Tree numbers was positively correlated with farm holding size and type of agroforestry systems followed by the farmers. Shannon’s diversity index was higher with large farmer followed by medium and small farmer. 18 tree species belonging to 12 plant families with 66.12 percent of trees being indigenous were recorded in study area. Tectona grandis was the most dominant tree species followed by Grevillea robusta, Azadirachta indica and Cocos nucifera. The agroforestry systems following farmers’ integrated trees in their farms based on their preferences such as economic benefit, multipurpose utility of the trees and cultural preference of the locality based.ThesisItem Embargo STUDY ON EFFECT OF NUTRIENTS AND MICROBIAL INOCULANTS ON GROWTH OF SELECTED TREE SEEDLINGS(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2023-01-28) SACHIN JUJIN; Raghavendra., S.A field experiment was conducted to know the field response of selected commercial tree species to phosphorus solubilizing and mobilizing bioinoculants with graded levels of phosphorus was carried out in Biofuel unit, University of Agricultural sciences, Bengaluru, during 2021-22. The experiment was laid out in CRD with 08 treatments replicated thrice. Plants treated with 50 per cent recommended dose of phosphorus + phosphorus solubilizing fungus (Glomus aggregatum)+ phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (Pseudomonas striata) (T8) in plants C. inophyllumI, S. mahagoni, M. dubia, A. polystachya recorded significantly maximum plant height (14.10, 55.37, 35.40 and 73.19cm), number of leaves (39.33, 35.33, 62.67, 65.33), leaf area (49.19, 60.26, 16.82, 62.10cm2), collar diameter (15.32, 23.34, 11.83 and 13.75 mm), dry matter (29.34, 7.78, 3.94 and 4.74 g/plant at 90 DAP)ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON ECOSYSTEM SERVICES AT MAHATMA GANDHI BOTANICAL GARDEN, GKVK, BANGALORE(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2021-11-06) PRAVEEN KUMAR, M B; KRISHNAMURTHY, RThe study was conducted to assess the ecosystem services at Mahatma Gandhi Botanical Garden, GKVK, Bangalore. The present research relvealed that the garden contains 2140 trees belonging to 186 tree species, which are having girth at breast height 30 cm. The tree diversity was found to be highest in block-1 and lowest in block-2, where the number of tree species were found to be 83 and 34 respectively. Millettia pinnata, Azadirachta indica and Albizia lebbeck are the three major tree species, comprises around 27.73 percentage of the total tree population. Sixty-eight per cent of trees in botanical garden falls under the girth classes 30-60 cm and 60-90 cm and sixty-one point five per cent of tree fall under height classes 6-9 m, 9-12 m and 12-15 m. The aboveground biomass and belowground biomass was recorded highest in Albizia lebbeck. Total carbon stock was recorded highest in exotic tree species than native tree species. Carbon sequestration was found to be highest in trees belonging to Fabaceae family. Organic carbon and soil available nutrient content decreased with increase in the depth, and enzyme activity and microbial count was found to be higher in the surface soil. Total monetary value of nutrient in botanical garden was Rs. 330901.ThesisItem Open Access UTILIZATION OF MEDICINAL PLANT PROCESSING WASTE FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATION THROUGH BIOMETHANATION(2020-11-10) KARTIKEYA SATISH NAYAK, NAYAK; MAHADEVA MURTHY, M.The study was undertaken to investigate the generation of biogas from medicinal plant processing waste. In order to know biogas production and methane content, medicinal plant processing waste samples were kept anaerobically for two-months in lab-condition. Carica papaya leaf and Azadirachta indica yields about 11320 ml and 10610 ml of biogas with 62.98 and 74.12 per cent of methane content which were observed highest. Garcinia gummi-gutta and Cinnamomum verum were the lowest biogas yielders. An investigation was conducted to know the performance evaluation of 500 m3 biogas power plant located in Prakruti Products Pvt. Ltd, Ankola. An average biogas Generated about 560.37 m3 per day in the temperature range between 20 to 30°C. CO2 and H2S was removed by water scrubbing method and methane content was measured. It was found that, the methane content after purification was increased up to 22 per cent than before purification. The collected pressurized biogas from the digester was transferred to the generator and produces the electricity of about 645.24 kWh and utilized for various operations in the plant. As per the data assessed from the biogas power plant it summarised that, biogas power plant has economically viable and environmentally sustainable. It was concluded that, instead of dumping or burning of medicinal plant processing waste and causing different types of pollution in the environment, this is the best method of utilization of waste to convert energy in a good manner.ThesisItem Embargo TREE DIVERSITY CONSERVATION AND ECOSYSTEM SERVICES RENDERED BY AVENUE TREES: CONTRIBUTION OF TREES IN THE OUTER PERIPHERAL RING ROAD BENGALURU(2022-12-16) KALAI VANI PRIYA, S.; DEVAKUMAR, A. S.With the dwindling tree cover and increasing climate uncertainties, the role of trees is becoming critical in sustaining ecosystem balance. This is more so in urban ecosystems because increasing urbanization exerts substantial pressure on the environment which drastically alters the use of natural resources. Multiple benefits derived from trees such as biodiversity conservation, carbon sequestration, Oxygen release, etc. help in maintaining the ecosystem balance. The present study is an attempt to quantify some of these benefits of the avenue trees which help in making a calibrated decision in an urban developmental activity. A total of 6981 trees were found, representing 90 different tree species and 32 different genera. Among the tree species, Acacia auriculiformis was found in the highest numbers. The trees sequester a total of 4711.67 tonnes of CO2 and add 3423.5 tonnes of oxygen to the environment. According to the IUCN Red List status of Tree Species, Jacaranda mimosifolia, Khaya senegalensis, Santalum album, Saraca asoca, and Swietenia macrophylla are considered to be Vulnerable while, Pterocarpus marsupium and Aegle marmelos are considered to be Near Threatened. The quantified environmental services in the study indicate that the ecological advantages provided by the trees in metropolitan landscapes surpass the trees' individual costs. Thus, it is imperative to consider the avenue ecosystem critically in sustaining the resilience of urban landscapes.ThesisItem Embargo ASSESSMENT OF BIOMASS PRODUCTIVITY OF Melia dubia IN BIDAR DISTRICT, KARNATAKA(2022-12-12) PRATIKSHA PATIL; NAGARAJAIAH, C.The study was conducted to assess Biomass Productivity of Melia dubia in Bidar District, Karnataka. The present investigation on biomass productivity, carbon sequestration among different age group of Melia dubia with respect to its growth parameters and its impact on soil properties was conducted at farmers field in Bidar District. Among the different age group the highest above ground biomass (23.64 t/ha) and carbon sequestration (13.40 t/ha) was recorded under age group of 5-7 years old plantation with spacing 3×3 m. The present investigation of bund planted Melia dubia at 3m apart also revealed above ground biomass (1.62 t/ha) and carbon sequestration (1.01 t/ha) which were on par with agroforestry system under same age group of 2-3 years old Plantation. The investigation on productivity of Melia dubia of 3-5 years old under different spacing shows maximum above ground biomass (26.04 t/ha) and carbon sequestration ((14.7 t/ha) under the spacing of 4×4 m. The influence of Melia dubia Plantations of different age group on soil properties showed higher soil pH (7.60) and Available Nitrogen (276 kg/ha) under age group of 1-2 years old plantation. It also showed maximum EC (0.23), Available Phosphorus (64.40 kg/ha), Available Potassium (388 kg/ha), Organic Carbon content (0.77 %) under age group of 5-7 years in plantation as compared to control (without trees) respectively. Therefore study revealed findings are useful in the field of environmental science.ThesisItem Embargo PERFORMANCE OF FODDERS UNDER TEAK BASED AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM(2022-12-12) DHANUSH, G. M.; HANUMANTAPPA, D. CA field study entitled “Performance of fodders under teak based agroforestry system” was carried out at Agroforestry unit, ZARS, GKVK, Bengaluru during 2021-22. There were fifteen treatment combinations having three planting densities of teak (12 m X 3 m, 10 m X 3 m and 8 m X 3 m) in main strips, five fodder crops (CO-3, CO-5, BNH-10, Super napier and Guinea grass) as intercrops in sub plots and five sole fodders planted adjacent to the main experiment by following split plot design and replicated three times. The result showed that, teak planted at 12 m X 3 m spacing recorded significantly higher teak height (9.76 m), girth (56.43 cm), canopy spread (6.07 m at N-S and 5.07 m E-W direction), wood volume (41.20 m3 ha-1), above ground biomass (22.66 t ha-1), below ground biomass (5.89 t ha-1), total biomass (28.55 t ha-1), carbon content (13.42 t ha-1) and carbon dioxide content (49.25 t ha-1) at 11 years of planting. Sole CO-5 recorded higher biomass (86.53 t ha-1). Among interactions, intercrop of fodder CO-5 recorded significantly higher fodder biomass (73.01 t ha-1). CO-5 intercropped under 12 m X 3 m recorded higher gross returns (Rs. 1,87,922 ha-1), net returns (Rs. 1,30,660 ha-1) and B:C ratio (3.3). After harvest higher OC (0.56%), available nitrogen (251.47 t ha-1), available phosphorous (19.44 t ha-1) and availableThesisItem Open Access PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF PONGAMIA (Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre) GERMPLASMS(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2022-12-08) RAVI, A R; Mahadeva Murthy, MThe present study entitled “Performance evaluation of Pongamia (Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre) germplasms” was carried out at ‘M’ block, in AICRP on Agroforestry unit, ZARS, GKVK, Bengaluru during January 2022 to July 2022. The experimental plot consisted of eight germplasms namely RAK-2015-01, RAK-2015-02, RAK-2015-03, RAK-2015-04, RAK-2015-07, RAK-2015-08, RAK-2015-09 and RAK-2015-10. The experiment was laid out in RCBD design with three replications. The results showed tht the tree growth parameters of five years old RAK-2015-01 germplasm has recorded the higher plant height (4.15 m), diameter at breast height (8.37 cm) and crown spread in east – west and north –south direction (3.93 m & 4.15 m, respectively). In RAK-2015-10, significantly higher accumulated biomass (2510 kg ha-1) and the carbon sequestration potential (4142 kg ha-1) in trees were observed when compared with other germplasms. The maximum accumulated litter fall during the study period was observed in RAK-2015-10 (890.18 kg) with mean accumulation of 148.36 kg month-1. In all the months of the study period the maximum lux readings and lower solar energy reduction was observed in RAK-2015-10. Intercrop cowpea grown under Pongamia based agroforestry system influenced by different Pongamia germplasms has recorded maximum grain yield in RAK-2015-01 (755 kg ha-1).
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