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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru

University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.

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Subject: Environmental Science × End date: 2009 × Start date: 2009 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EVALUATING THE EFFICIENCY OF CARBON SEQUESTRATION IN SIMAROUBA (Simarouba glauca DC)
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2009-07-15) ANIL, H. N; BALAKRISHNA, GOWDA
    Carbon sequestration is one of the important ecological services needed to mitigate climate change. Trees act as a sink for carbon dioxide. Fast growing multipurpose tree species like Simarouba glauca will be of great use to help mitigate accelerated global warming through uptake and storage of carbon. Carbon sequestration and gas exchange characteristics of Simarouba glauca was quantified across an age group of 2, 5, and 10 years and in two different climatic zones of southern Karnataka viz. transition zone and dry zone. Population was available only in these two zones. To estimate total leaf area in a non-destructive way, leaf area factor was developed and used. Total above ground stored carbon was 0.33, 2.73 and 11.04 t/ha for 2, 5 and 10 year old trees respectively under transition zone, and 0.55, 1.99 and 15.67 t/ha for 2, 5 and 10 year old plants respectively under dry zone. Trunk contributes 39.57 per cent to total above ground biomass followed by primary branches i.e. 39.16 per cent. Gas exchange parameters like photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate were more in 5 year old trees compared to 2 year old plants. However, taking into account the longevity, Simarouba glauca an evergreen species, by its continuous photosynthetic activity, contribute to reduce carbon dioxide throughout the year. All over the world carbon sequestration ability was evaluated for nineteen important tree species and, Simarouba glauca stands at 13th position for its better carbon sequestration. The study revealed that, Simarouba glauca is one of the important multipurpose tree species in India for afforestation programme that can help in earning a good lively hood and can contribute in mitigating the climate change in variety of ecological zones.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EVALUATION OF CARBON SEQUESTRATION ABILITY OF NEEM (Azadiractha indica, A.Juss.) AND PONGAMIA (Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre.)
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2009-07-15) MANU, A. N.; PRASANNA, K. T.
    Carbon dioxide is a dominant greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. Increased atmospheric CO2 is attributable mostly to fossil fuel combustion and deforestation worldwide. With the increasing deforestation, planting programmes of woody perennials on degraded lands, marginal agricultural lands, etc is intensified and emphasized. Trees fix carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. During metabolic activities part of carbohydrates are used and excess carbon will be stored as biomass. With the increase in the age of the tree, there will be an increase in biomass with a relative increase in carbon stock. Carbon is sequestered by the plant photosynthesis and stored as biomass in different parts of the tree. In the present study conducted to evaluate the potential of carbon sequestration in Azadiractha indica and Pongamia pinnata as influenced by age, selecting the plantation of three age class viz., 2 year, 5 year and 10 year respectively. The mean carbon sequestration rate in neem and pongamia across ages was 0.01,0.96,2.16t/ha and 0.04,0.40,1.75t/ha respectively. Based on the gas exchange studies, it was found that the mean photosynthetic rate in neem and pongamia across ages (2 and 5 year) was 11.84, 12.00 µ moles m-2sec-1 and 9.455, 12.63 µ moles m-2sec-1 respectively. Similarly the stomatal conductance, inter cellular carbon dioxide rate, transpiration rate was higher in pongamia across ages compared to neem. Water use efficiency and in vivo Carboxylation efficiency across 2 and 5 years was found higher in neem compared to and pongamia respectively. Thus the results clearly indicate that rate of growth in neem is slow in initial stages but later growth enhances leading to the sequestering of more carbon than pongamia. The studies conducted elsewhere using other important forestry species showed that neem and pongamia are comparable in growth and carbon uptake.