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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru

University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.

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Subject: Crop Physiology × End date: 1959 ×
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Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Prospecting for galanthamine and acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity in Indian Amaryllidaceae species
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 18-11-11) NAGARAJU, S; Uma Shaanker, R
    Galanthamine is an isoquinoline tertiary alkaloid originally derived from bulbs of the Amaryllidaceae family of flowering plants that includes daffodils and the common snowdrop (Galanthus woronowii). Galanthamine reversibly and specifically binds to the active site of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), thereby inhibiting the enzyme that hydrolyzes the neurotransmitter acetylcholine into acetate and choline. Galanthamine is used for the symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Besides galanthamine, a few other acetylcholinesterase inhibitors have been reported from Amaryllidaceae members as well as from other families. Unfortunately very little is known about the acetylcholine esterase inhibition activity of Indian Amaryllidaceae members. In this study an attempt has been made to evaluate the acetylcholine esterase inhibition activity of a set of Amaryllidaceae members occurring in the country. The specific objectives of the study were a) to evaluate selected Indian Amaryllidaceae species for their in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity and b) to undertake bioactivity guided fractionation and characterization of compounds responsible for acetylcholinesterase inhibition. 7 We evaluated 134 bulbs, 55 leaves, 3 roots and 2 neck parts collected from 139 plants belonging to 43 species of Indian Amaryllidaceae for their galanthamine presence and content using TLC, HPLC, LC-MS. Galanthamine was predominantly found in bulbs (85.82 %) followed by leaves (20.00 %). Galanthamine content ranged from 0.037 to 1.5 % by dry weight in the different members of Amaryllidaceae. Hippeastrum solandriflorum, Hymenocallis caribeae and Zephyranthus rosea showed a galanthamine content > 1%. Thus Indian Amaryllidaceae member could be used as potential sources for the commercial extraction of galanthamine. Methanolic extract of leaves of Crinum asiaticum showed a significant inhibition of AChE (IC50 = 10.52 μg/ml). However unlike the bulbs, the leaves of the plant did not show any trace of galanthamine. Bioassay guided fractionation of the crude extract of the leaves revealed the active principle, lycorine (IC50 35.03 μg/ml). The structure of the molecule was confirmed by its NMR and LC mass spectral data. Although lycorine has been reported in literature (Ptak et al., 2009) to contain AChE inhibitory activity, this is the first report of the molecule in the leaves of C. asiaticum.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETIC VARIABILITY AND RELEVANCE OF EPICUTICULAR WAXES IN RICE: PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF A FEW WAX BIOSYNTHETIC GENES LEADING TO ALLELE MINING
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 02-08-12) PRATHIBHA, M D; MOHAN RAJU, B
    Maintaince of positive turgor and positive carbon gain are most critical for achieving increased water productivity. Plants have evolved to accumulate waxes on the leaf surfaces as a strategy to conserve moisture by reducing non stomatal transpiration. Further through reflection of heat radiations waxes decreases leaf temperature there by evolving an optimistic strategy for water conservation. To examine these hypotheses a set of 86 diverse germplasm of rice were evaluated for epicuticular wax content which ranged between 1μg to 25μg/cm2 leaf area representing a significant variability. This variability was consistent across developmental stages and seasons indicating a strong genetic control of this trait. EWC was found to have negative relationship between both rate of water loss and leaf temperature reiterating the relevance of waxes. The increased wax content among the stressed plants indicate the adoptive relevance of waxes. Based on the previous experiments, four genotypes each for low and high wax categories were selected and raised under well watered and water limited conditions. The well standardized gravimetric approach was adopted to maintain the specific stress regime (100% and 60% FC)The expression profile of few genes associated with wax biosynthesis was assessed in two contrasting genotypes differing in EWC found to be higher in high wax genotypes and stressed plants. Analysis of the composition of waxes revealed important variations between high and low wax types.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    CHARACTERIZATION OF TRAIT SPECIFIC RIL TO MAP QTL AND IDENTIFY SUPERIOR TRAIT INTROGRESSED LINES IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 02-07-14) POOJA, BHARTI; SHESHSHAYEE, M S
    With the receding water availability, saving water from rice cultivation while sustaining productivity is essential. This necessitates development of rice cultivars suitable for semi-irrigated aerobic cultivation. Introgressing water acquisition and its efficient use for biomass production have been demonstrated to have great significance in improving productivity. Towards identifying superior trait introgressed lines, a mapping population comprising of 230 recombinant inbred lines developed by crossing Thanu (high WUE) and IET 15963 (high root) was phenotyped for variability in WUE based Δ13C, yield and spikelet associated traits under aerobic condition. The population was genotyped with 82 polymorphic SSR markers reported to be linked with yield under drought and other related traits. A genetic linkage map was constructed with a total of 115 which included 62 markers from a previous study. QTLs for important traits like yield under drought, WUE, roots and traits associated with spikelet fertility were discovered. The combined approach of previous association mapping and present linkage mapping lead to the identification of two common markers viz., RM180 and RM307 linked with Δ13C and root length, respectively. These markers can significantly enhance breeding efficiency while introgressing complex traits. Several transgressive segregants with improved root traits and WUE were identified. Graphical genotyping of these introgression lines with 115 markers revealed the integration of trait donor genomes. The performance of these selected transgressive segregants was significantly superior compared with the parental lines as evidenced by a grametric experiment. The investigation provided a proof of concept that introgression of root and WUE traits is essential for sustaining rice productivity while saving substantial amounts of water by growing them under semi-irrigated aerobic conditions.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Characterization of Subtracted cDNA Clones and Assessing the Functional Relevance of a Few Stress Responsive Clones
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, 15-10-08) J, Patricia Kalaiarasi; M, Udayakumar