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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.
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ThesisItem Open Access INFLUENCE OF PLANTING GEOMETRY AND NUTRIENT LEVELS ON GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY OF BLACKGRAM (Vigna mungo L.)(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2023-02-16) DEVINDRAPPA; P. PRAKASH“A field experiment entitled influence of planting geometry and nutrient levels growth and productivity of Blackgram (Vigna mungo ” was conducted during Kharif 2021, at ZARS, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore. The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with two factors viz., spacing and nutrient levels both at four different levels and were replicated thrice. Spacing levels comprised of S1: 30 × 10 cm, S2: 45 × 10 cm, S3: 30 × 15 cm and S4: 45 × 15 cm. Nutrient levels comprised of F1: 75% RDF, F2: 100% RDF, F3: 125% RDF and F4: 150% RDF. Recommended dose of fertilizer followed in the experiment was 25:50:25 kg NPK ha-1. The results revealed that spacing of 30× 10 cm (S1) recorded significantly higher seed yield (1077 kg ha-1), net returns (Rs. 49089ha-1) and B:C ratio (3.3) compared to other spacings. Among the fertilizer levels, significantly higher seed yield (990 kg ha-1), net returns (Rs. 43043 ha-1) and B:C ratio (3.0) was recorded in 150% RDF (F4) which was found on par with 125% RDF (F3). Whereas, higher seed yield (1251 kg ha-1), net returns (Rs. 59746 ha-1) and B:C ratio (3.8) were recorded in treatment combination S1F4 (30 × 10 cm spacing with 150% RDF). Hence, for higher yield and monetary returns a spacing of 30 × 10 cm along with 125% of RDF is found advantageous and profitable.ThesisItem Embargo SENSOR BASED IRRIGATION AND NANO NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT IN GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea L.)(2023-01-31) USHA, H. R.; SUJITH, G.M.A field experiment on Sensor based irrigation and nano nutrient management in Groundnut was carried out during summer-2022 at L block, ZARS, GKVK, Bengaluru. The treatments included three irrigation management techniques in main plots (Drip irrigation as per UASB PoP, Sensor based automated drip irrigation at 50% DASM, Sensor based automated drip irrigation at 75% DASM) and five nutrient management practices in sub plots (Absolute control,100% RDF, foliar spray of nano urea @ 2ml litre-1 at 30 and 60 DAS, foliar spray of nano urea and DAP @ 2ml litre-1 at 30 and 60 DAS and foliar spray of nano urea, DAP and zinc @ 2ml litre-1 at 30 and 60 DAS) replicated thrice in split plot design. The results indicated that, sensor based drip irrigation at 50% DASM recorded significantly higher pod yield (1831 kg ha-1), haulm yield (2211 kg ha-1), gross returns (Rs.164790 ha-1), net returns (Rs.87155 ha-1) and B:C ratio (2.12). Among nutrient management, foliar spray of nano urea, DAP and Zinc at 30 and 60 DAS recorded significantly higher pod yield (2152 kg ha-1), haulm yield (2549 kg ha-1), gross returns (Rs.193680 ha-1), net returns (Rs.122060 ha-1) and B:C ratio 2.70. Among interaction, sensor based drip irrigation at 50% DASM along with foliar spray of nano urea, DAP and Zn at 30 and 60 DAS recorded significantly higher pod yield (2250 kg ha-1), haulm yield (2549 kg ha-1), nitrogen (105.8 kg ha-1), phosphorus (30.9 kg ha-1), potassium (60.6 kg ha-1) and zinc (0.69 mg kg-1).ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON CROP GEOMETRY AND DIFFERENT ORGANIC NUTRIENT SOURCES ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF CHIA (Salvia hispanica L.)(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2023-02-01) ARAKANTI CHAITANYA; K. MURALIA field experiment was conducted at research and demonstration block of Research Institute on Organic Farming (RIOF), University of Agricultural Sciences, Gandhi Krishi Vignan Kendra (GKVK), Bengaluru on “Studies on crop geometry and different organic nutrient sources on growth and yield of chia (Salvia hispanica L.)’’ during Rabi 2020 and 2021 under Factorial Randomised Complete Block Design. The first experiment consisted of 15 treatments with two factors viz., five different spacings and three nutrient levels. Among the treatments significantly higher yield of chia was recorded with spacing of 90 cm × 15 cm (1099 kg ha-1). Similarly, significantly higher yield was recorded with 100 kg N equivalent ha-1 (1078 kg ha-1) during both the years. The higher net returns (₹ 2,06,118 ha-1) and B: C ratio (3.98) was recorded with 90 cm × 15 cm along with 100 kg N equivalent ha-1. The second experiment consisted of 12 treatments with three factors viz., three nutrient sources, two jeevamrutha levels and two panchagavya levels. Among nutrient sources 50% N equivalent through FYM and 50% through vermicompost recorded significantly higher yield of chia (920 kg ha-1) than 100 % N equivalent through FYM. Soil application of jeevamrutha has resulted in higher yield (984 kg ha-1) than without jeevamrutha (809 kg ha-1). Significantly higher yield of chia was recorded with foliar spray of panchagavya (952 kg ha-1) than without panchagavya (841 kg ha-1). The higher net returns (₹1,63,755 ha-1) and B: C ratio (5.17) was recorded with 100 % N equivalent through FYM along with jeevamrutha 1000 l ha-1 and 5 per cent foliar spray of panchagavya.ThesisItem Embargo STUDIES ON CROP WEATHER RELATIONSHIP IN MANGO (Mangifera indica L)(2023-01-16) PREMALATHA, B. R.; SHIVARAMU, H. S.A field experiment on mango cv. Alphonso was carried out in 2018-19 and 2019-20 with two management levels (M1: Control and M2: With Plant Protection Chemicals) having a sample size of nine trees each in two locations with different age groups (10 and 25 years old) at Regional Horticultural Research and Extension Centre and Dryland Agriculture Project, GKVK, Bengaluru. The results revealed that mango trees with plant protection practices produced significantly higher fruit yield (38.8 kg/tree) compared to control (28.2 kg/tree). Mango trees of 10 year age with management practices recorded significantly lower sex ratio (9.10), higher number of hermaphrodite flowers (196.1), panicle length ( 28.68 cm) and breadth (23.51 cm), fruit length (9.10 cm) and breadth (7.86 cm), fruit weight (257.1 g), heat use efficiency (7.09 kg degree days-1), photothermal use efficiency (0.59 kg degree days hours-1), helio-thermal use efficiency (0.86 kg degree days hours-1), hydro-thermal use efficiency (0.14 kg degree days-1), water use efficiency (17.35 kg ha-mm-1) and radiation use efficiency (4.85 kg MJ-1) as compared to other treatment combinations. East direction of the tree recorded significantly higher number of fruits at pea, marble, lemon size and at maturity stage (9.62, 5.63, 2.56 and 1.56, respectively). Further, maximum hoppers population (7.31 ± 3.71/panicle), fruit fly activity (69.4 ± 34.5 flies/3 traps/week) and powdery mildew (29.51 ± 12.92 per cent) disease incidence was observed more in unmanaged 25 years old trees, while stem end rot (49.00 ± 31.44 per cent) disease incidence was maximum in unmanaged 10 years old trees. The study on weather optima for realizing higher mango yield indicated a range of 33.5 – 36.50C temperature, 63 – 71 per cent relative humidity and 138.1 – 258.8 mm rainfall during mango flowering and fruiting period.ThesisItem Embargo STUDIES ON FOLIAR NUTRITION OF GROWTH ENHANCER ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.)(2023-01-05) SHREENIDHI, S N.; VENKATACHALAPATHI, V.The research entitled “Studies on foliar nutrition of growth enhancer on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.)” was conducted at Zonal Agricultural Research Station (ZARS), GKVK, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore on red sandy loam soil. The experiment comprised of eleven treatments with three replications laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design. The treatments T1 to T6 includes three nutrient levels of RDF (50%, 75 % and 100 % RDF) applied to soil in combination with foliar spray of growth enhancer (GE) at 10 and 20 ml concentration and T7- urea spray - 0.5 % + 100% RDF, T8- nano N two sprays at 30 and 60 DAS + 50% RDN and 100% P & K, T9- nano N & P two sprays at 30 and 60 DAS + 50% RDNP and 100% K, T10- RDF with FYM and T11- only RDF. The results revealed that foliar nutrition of GE 20.0 ml per litre + 100 % RDF recorded significantly higher plant height (285.5 cm), leaf area (12697 cm2 plant-1 ), total dry matter (530.3 g plant-1), cob length (21.8 cm), number of rows cob-1 (16.0), number of kernels row-1 (40.3), number of kernels cob-1 (568.0), 100 kernels weight (35.9 g), kernel yield (7485 kg ha-1 ), stover yield (8556 kg ha-1), higher net returns (₹ 88,213 ha-1) and B:C ratio (2.50) compared to other treatments. However, it is found on par with GE 10.0ml per litre + 100 % RDF.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON WEED DYNAMICS IN TRANSPLANTED FINGER MILLET UNDER LONG TERM MANURIAL EXPERIMENTS(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2023-10-21) NETRAVATI, KADAGAD; MUDALAGIRIYAPPAA field experiment was conducted to study the weed dynamics in transplanted finger millet under long term manurial experiments during kharif 2020 at AICRP on Long Term Fertilizer Experiments (LTFE), University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore. The experiment was carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications and eleven treatments of different doses of fertilizer along with FYM and lime. Based on the research investigation, it was observed that among the grasses, Dactloctenium sp. and Digitaria marginata were the most predominant weeds in the experimental field, whereas Commelina benghalensis, Ageratum conyzoides and Borreria hispida were the most predominant weeds in the experimental plot among the broad leaved weeds. Cyperus rotundus was the only species found in the experimental plot among sedges and it was found in lower doses of fertilizer application i.e., 50 % NPK and control. Significant variation in weed density and biomass was recorded in different fertilizers treatment. Among different treatments, 100% NPK + FYM recorded significantly higher weed density of 147.34 m-2 and weed dry weight of 99.93 g m-2. Significantly lower weed density (20.63 34 m-2) and weed dry weight (25.80 g m-2) was recorded in control. Application of 150 % NPK recorded significantly higher growth attributes like plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, number of tillers and total dry wight which resulted in higher grain yield (2611 kg ha-1), straw yield (3729 kg ha-1), net returns (Rs. 50,455 ha-1) and B:C ratio (2.91).ThesisItem Open Access SITE SPECIFIC NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT FOR POTATO BASED CROPPING SYSTEMS IN SOUTHEREN TRANSITION ZONE OF KARNATAKA(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2023-02-22) MANJUNATHA, M. H.; S BHASKARField experiments were conducted on “Site specific nutrient management for potato based cropping systems in Southern Transition Zone of Karnataka” at Agricultural Research Station (ARS), Madenur, Hassan during Kharif and Rabi seasons of 2017 and 2018. The experiments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with twelve treatments in potato based sequential and eight treatments in potato + pigeon pea based intercropping systems replicated thrice. The results revealed that application of 50 % K through Bio-K + 50 % K through K2SO4 + balance NP through fertilizers for targeted yield of 25 t ha-1 recorded significantly higher potato equivalent yield of finger millet (29431 kg ha-1) and field bean (29945 kg ha-1) as compared to other treatments as influenced by site specific nutrient management in potato based sequential cropping systems. Higher nutrient uptake, gross returns (Rs.361984 and 361096), net returns (Rs.274820 and 269277) and B:C ratio (4.15 and 3.93) were observed in potato-finger millet and potato-field bean cropping systems, respectively. In potato + pigeon pea based intercropping system, 50 % K through Bio-K + 50 % K through K2SO4 + balance NP through fertilizers for targeted yield of 25 t ha-1 recorded significantly higher potato equivalent yield of finger millet (27821 kg ha-1) and field bean (28386 kg ha-1) as compared to other treatments. Similar trend was observed in nutrient uptake, gross returns (Rs.340773 and 340180) net returns (Rs.258972 and 254655) and B:C ratio (4.17 and 3.98) were observed in potato + pigeon pea-finger millet and potato + pigeon pea-field bean cropping systems respectively. Thus it is concluded that supply of potassium through combination of Bio-K and K2SO4 under SSNM approach is beneficial and inclusion of pulses in the potato based cropping system was found to be effective in maintaining soil fertility, getting higher system productivity and economics.ThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF PRE AND POST-EMERGENT HERBICIDES IN AEROBIC RICE (Oryza sativa L.)(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 40865) MADHUKUMAR, V; KALYANA MURTHY, K. NA field experiment entitled “evaluation of pre and post-emergent herbicides in aerobic rice” was conducted during Kharif 2010 at Main Research station Hebbal Bengaluru. The experimental site was uniform in topography and sandy loam in soil texture. The soil pH was neutral in reaction and medium in available Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The experiment consisted of 12 treatments laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications consisting five preemergent herbicides, two post emergent herbicides, two combination of pre and post-emergent herbicides, passing of cycle hoe at 15, 30 and 45 DAS and compared with two hand weedings at 20 and 40 DAS and unweeded check. The predominant weed flora observed in the experimental field in association with the aerobic rice includes Echinochloa colonum, Digitaria marginata, Elusine indica, Chloris barbata, Cynadon dactylon, Ageratum conyzoides, Commelina benghalensis, Spilanthus acmella, Acanthospermum hispidum, Stachytarpheta indica, Celosia argentia, Parthenium hysterophorus and Cyperus rotundus. The results revealed that pre-emergence application of bensulfuron methyl @ 60 g + pretilachlor @ 600 g a.i. ha-1 recorded significantly higher grain and straw yield (4100 and 4961 kg ha-1 respectively), lower weed population and their dry weight (72.00 No. m-2 & 3.65 g 0.25 m-2, respectively). The plant growth and yield components viz., plant height (85.80 cm), leaf area (2306 cm2 hill-1), total dry matter production (64.00 g hill-1), number of productive tillers hill-1 (21.32), weight of panicle (2.81 g), filled spikelets per panicle (88.23) and 1000 grain weight (21.80 g) were significantly higher with the same treatment. Further the nutrient uptake by the crop (79.30, 13.90 and 58.40 Kg NPK ha-1) was maximum and the net returns and B:C ratio was also high with the pre-emergence application of bensulfuron methyl @ 60g + pretilachlor @ 600 g a.i. ha-1.ThesisItem Open Access DIVERSITY AND DYNAMICS OF WEEDS AS INFLUENCED BY CLETHODIM IN SOYBEAN (Glycine max L. Merrill) AND ITS RESIDUAL EFFECT ON SUCCEEDING CROP(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 40865) SUDHAKARA, T. M; SRIDHARA, SA field experiment was conducted at College of Agriculture, Navile, Shivamogga, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru during Kharif 2010 to study the “Diversity and dynamics of weeds as influenced by Clethodim in Soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) and its residual effect on succeeding crop”. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The weed control treatments includes one pre and three post emergent herbicides compared with two hand weeding at 20 and 40 days after sowing and weedy check. Clethodim 24 % EC @ 60 g a. i. ha-1 along with NIS + AMS effectively controlled weeds as well as reduce the weed dry weight significantly as compared to all other treatments except application of clethodim 24 % EC @ 48 g a. i. ha-1 along with NIS + AMS. Minimum diversity index of weeds and lower species richness was recorded in the treatment which receiving clethodim 24 % EC @ 48 g a. i. ha-1 along with NIS + AMS. Highest weed control efficiency was noticed in clethodim 24 % EC @ 60 g a. i. ha-1 along with NIS + AMS (71.79 %). Application of clethodim 24 % EC @ 60 g a. i. ha-1 along with NIS + AMS significantly recorded higher number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, pod weight per plant, hundred grain weight and seed yield without any phytotoxicity. This was on par with application of clethodim 24 % EC @ 48 g a. i. ha-1 along with NIS + AMS. The weed control treatments did not show any observable phytotoxicity symptoms on the succeeding green gram crop as well as germination, root weight, shoot weight, vigour index and total dry matter also did not differ significantly.
