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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru

University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.

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2000 - 200323
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Subject: Agricultural Entomology × End date: 2003 × Start date: 2000 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ECOFRIENDLY APPROACHES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF Spodoptera litura (F.) IN GROUNDNUT
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-06) PATIL, RAJASHEKARH K.; HIREMATH, I. G.
    Ecofriendly methods for the effective management of Spodoptera litura in groundnut were studied during 1996 to 1998 at Main Research Station, UAS, Dharwad. The EIL computed for third instar larvae of S. iitura at flowering (30 DAS), peg formation (45 DAS) and pod development (60 DAS) stages was 1.04, 2.18 and 3.59 larvae per plant. At the corresponding stage, the egg load required to cause economic damage was 1.32, 2.90 and 8.74 egg masses per 7.5 m^ or 25 m row, respectively. Annona squamosa, NSKE (5%) and AUium sativum (5%) exhibited good ovicide. property causing around 30 per cent mortality as compared to cent per cent in rr.ethomyl in vitro. The aqueous extract of NSKE (5%), Vitex negundo and A. squamosa caused more than 52 per cent mortality in neonate larvae. Among various comcinations of plant products, NSKE + SINPV, V. negundo + SINPV, NSKE + Nomuraea rileyi and V. negundo + N. riieyi qtoved equally as recommended insecticides "n reducing damage and recording higher yield with better B:C ratios. Vitex negundo and A. mexicana in combination with monocrotophos (0.025%) and V. negundo followed by monocrotophos (0.05%) recorded equal yield compared to recommended package. The entomopathogenic fungus, N. /■/Vey/occurred in epizootic form on S. iitura in groundnut during the rainy season. Persistence of N. rileyi on groundnut foliage during kharif v/as upto ten days. In vitro studies on compatibility of entomopathogen with fungicices, insecticides and botanicals indicated that fungicides were highly detrimental followed by insecticides and plant products. Soil application of the pathogen @ 2.5 x 10 12 conidia per ha followed by foliar spray (S 1.2 x 10 11 conidia per ha follov.ed by spraying monocrotophos (0.05%) mixed with cyperconazole (0.1%) were :he most effective combined applications. All the groundnut genotypes under the study exhibited moderate to high degree or tolerance to the defoliator. Among the different histological -igher laminar thickness, cuticular thickness and low water content =d for imparting resistance. Low growth index in Dh-52, Dh-53 and :ed the antibiosis mechanism operating in imparting resistance to 'ence in yield between unprotected and protected condition in selected :S less compared to susceptible check (JL-24) indicating the tolerance
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    IN VESTIGATIONS ON THE SHOTHOLE BORER, Xyleboriisperforans (Wollastan) (Coleoptera : Scolytidae) ON POMEGRANATE
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-06) JAGGINAVAR, S. B.; KRISHNA NAIK, L.
    Shothole borer infesting pomegranate was identified as Xyleborus perforans (Coleoptera : Scolytidae). The insect was noticed in all the gardens surveyed irrespective of source of varieties, type of soil and irrigation systems followed by the farmers. The per cent pomegranate plant wilting at northern Karnataka districts were ranged from 11.33 to 47.20 at Bagalkot, 11.22 to 29.68 at Bijapur, 2.00 to 6.66 at Belgaum, 4.48 to 8.13 at Koppal, 2.66 to 5.46 at Bellary. 2.28 to 5.60 at Raichur and 0.17 at Gulbarga. The plant wilting without shothole borer incidence was observed in the gardens less than 3 years age and ranged from 0.0 to 3.57 per cent as evidenced by the presence of the fungus, Verticillium sp. The correlation between age of the plant and total number of shotholes indicated significantly positive relationship. The external visible symptoms of infestation comprised of yellowing, followed by sudden drooping of leaves and ultimate death of the plants. The whitish yellow powder was seen comingout of the bored holes at the base of stem. In freshly infested plants, the powdery material was pushed out from the bored holes by the beetle which appeared like "burnt inscent stick". Further, around the bored holes blackening of tissues were seen and the holes were in the horizontal plane of the entrance tunnels. The shotholes were often crowded at the collar region of the stem towards the shaded sides and the number declined towards the apical side. The density of immature stages and adults were maximum on primary roots followed by stem hidden in the ground and secondary roots whereas it was maximum at the collar region of the pomegranate plant. The per cent plant drying due to shothole borer incidence with vascular tissues -discolouration,-was observed throughout the year. Maximum wilting of pomegranate plants were observed in the month of August to November and peak active shotholes (5.26) were in November month. Of the 19 pesticides applied as preventive control measures, drenching with chlorpyriphos (3 ml/I) + carbendazim (1 g/l), carbaryl (6 g/l) + carbendazim (1 g/l), monocrotophos (1.5 ml/I) + carbendazim (1 g/l) and quinalphos (2.5 ml/1) + carbendazim (1 g/l) were found as best treatments during Ambe and Mrig bahars by recording higher reduction in percent live shotholes and higher fruit yield without death of the plant at harvest. Of the 12 pesticides applied as curative measures, drenching with chlorpyriphos ; 3 ml/1) + carbendazim (1 g/l) and monocrotophos (1.5 ml/1) + carbendazim (1 g/l) emerged as the best treatments in recording, respectively 92.08 and 77.23 (Ambe bahar), 97.58 and 87.61 n Mrig bahar) per cent reduction in live shotholes. increased fruit weight, fruit number and absolutely no death of plants was seen till the harvest of fruits.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON THE MANAGEMENT OF SERPENTINE LEAF MINER, Liriomyza trifolii(Burgess) (DIPTERA : AGROMYZIDAE) ON COTTON
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-06) NADAGOUDA, SUSHILA; PATIL, B. V.
    Studies undertaken on the nmnagenient of serpentine leaf miner Lirioniyza trifolii on cotton during 1997-98 and 1998-99 season revealed that cotton plants infested from sowing time and plants exposed for infestation from 10 and 20 DAS recorded significantly higher percentage of infestation which resulted in vegetative and reproductive growth loss. Early stage (upto 20 days) infestation of SLM resulted in a loss of 45.75 per cent. Studies on host plant resistance revealed that G. arhoreiun and G. herbaceuin genotypes recorded significantly lower incidence and maggot population of SLM compared to G. hirxutuin , G. barhadence and hybrids. Less preference of some genotypes was beciurse ofpresence of small thin lobed leaves, higher number of trichomes, less amount of proteins and reducing sugars. Sensitivity studies indicated that among the four locations the maggots collected from kasbe camp(high pesticide impo.scd area) were less .sensitive to all the in.secticides. Imidacloprid was superior over all the insecticides in inducing the mortality of maggots. The LC50 value was highest in maggots collected from kasbe camp for all the insecticides which varied froin 0.2356 to 0.5463 g per litre in cotton being highest to endosulfan and lowest to cypermethrin. Highest resistance ratio of 25.72 and 18.17 folds was recorded in Kasbe camp and RRS cultures respectively to cypermethrin. The LC50 of ad.ult L. trifolii collected from Kasbe camp varied from 0.39456 to 2.10670 |ig per ml.All the Irealments with castor trap crop recorded sgnificanlly lower incidence of SLM and among them castor sown inbetween two cotton plants recorded significantly lowest incidence and highest seed cotton yield . Seed treatment with imidacloprid 70 WS at 15g/kg of seeds resulted in significant reduction in incidence and maggot population upto 17 DAS . Incidence of SLM was significantly lower in biointensive IPM module(M-l) and after lODAS it performed on par with adoptable IPM molule {M-2) & it was highest inRPP module (M-3). All the three modules did not exhibit any significant difference in recording the seed cotton yield. Anlaysis of cost effectiveness of modules revealed higher licnefits from adoptable 1PM module followed by biointensive 1PM module and it was least in recommended pakage of practices
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON THE MANAGEMENT OF POD BORER, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) IN PIGEONPEA ECOSYSTEM
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-06) SUHAS, YELSHETTY; PATIL, B. V.
    Studies undertaken at Agricultural Research Station Gulbarga during 1997-98 and 1998- 99 seasons indicated that house sparrow, Passar domesticus (Linnaeus), the Conunon myna, Acridotheres tristis Latham, black drongo, Dicrurus adsimilis (Bechstein), small green bee eater Merops orierUalis Latham are the important predacious insectivorous birds on the pigeonpea pod borer, Uelicoverpa armigera (Hubner). The predatory distance of birds from perching place revealed that upto two metres these birds could pick the larvae effectively. The gut aitalysis indicated black drongo to be the most efficient predator followed by house sparrow and common myna. The small green bee eater preferred dipterans, hymenopterans and odonatens that are more beneficial dius causing reduction in natural enemy population. HaNPV @ 250LE ha-1 along with 0.5 per cent sugar and any of the UV protectants like activated charcoal, boric acid and blue at 0.1 per cent was found to record significantly lower pod damage and higher grain yield irrespective of application time as compared to HaNPV alone. Among the adjuvants, activated charcoal proved most effective recording at par higher grain yield irrespective of application time compared to other adjuvants. Though methomyl 12.5L @ 500g and profenofos 50EC @ 1500g a.i. ha-1 recorded highest occlusion both in freshly laid and older eggs die lowest dosage of methomyl (I25g a.i.ha*') was equal to highest dosage (1500g a.i.ha-1) of profenofos 50EC in terms of egg occlusion irrespective of the age of the egg. Five peak moth catches were noticed in light and pheromone traps, die longest peak was observed from 43 standard week to 52 standard week which coincided with peak reproductive stage of the crop. The multiple regression analysis indicated maximum and minimum tempeiatuie with afternoon relative humidity to influence the light and pheromone trap catches. Evaluation of different IPM modules indicated the adaptive module consisting of ovicidal application of profenofos 50EC at lOOOg a.i.ha NSKE (5.00%), HaNPV 250LE per ha followed by alphamethrin lOEC at 50g a.i. ha-1 and biointensive module consisting of application of HaNPV 250LE ha-1 hand collection. Bacillus thuringiensis l.O kg ha-1, NSKE 5 per cent followed by HaNPV 250LE ha-1 were found cost effective. However, the adaptability of biointensive IPM module depends to the larger extent on their availability.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INVESTIGATIONS ON FRUIT BORER Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) IN CHILLI
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-06) SHIVARANIU, K.; KULKARNI, K.A.
    Studies were carried out during 1995-98, at the Department of Agricultural Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad. A field survey was conducted during 1995-97 at Dharwad and Belgaum districts. In Dhanwad district the chilli fruit borer Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) damage was highest (35.91%) on Byadagi dabbi with 30.00 per cent of whitening of fruits, compared to Belgaum district where the borer damage was 13.32 per cent with 7.98 per cent of whitening. Biology of fruit borer, H.armigera was studied in the laboratory, incubation period was 3.30 to 4.50 days, larval period was 17 to 13 days and pupal period was 9 to 20 days during different seasons of the year. The economic injury level for H.armigera in chilli was three larvae per two plants. Evaluation of different pesticides against H.armigera in chilli revealed that borer damage was least with carbaryl (6.66%), followed by Dipel (7.33%), Achook (9.60%) and neem seed kemal extract (9.77%). Screening of chilli genotypes against H.armigera indicated that the genotypes like SL-37, Arka lohit, Puri red, Dewarhippargi and H.C.-28 were less susceptible to fruit borer damage which were found promising. Marigold was ideal trap crop in the management of fruit borer in chilli in the row proportion of 18:1 and 20:1. Sequential spray of Achook, Dipel and carbaryl was found effective in the management of fruit borer with marigold as trap crop. in vitro studies indicated that Trichogramma chilonis Ishii parasitized the eggs laid on chilli fruits to the extent of 45.22 per cent. In integrated pest management of fruit borer, the module-l which comprised of 18:1 chilli : marigold proportion and sequential application of Achook, Dipel and carbaryl, recorded less egg and larval load with less fruit damage and highest yield with a Benefit : Cost ratio of 3.8:1 compared to other modules.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON FRUIT PIERCING MOTHS (LEPIDOPTERA : NOCTUIDAE) - SPECIES COMPOSITION, BIOLOGY AND NATURAL ENEMIES
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2000-11-13) BHUMANNAVAR, BASAVARAJ S.; Viraktamath, Dr. C. A.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON ROCK BEE, Apis dorsata F. AND MANAGEMENT FOR HONEY HARVEST
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-06) SATTIGI, HANAMANT N.; Kulkarni, K. A.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    UTILIZATION OF FUNGAL PATHOGEN Nomuraea rileyi (FARLOW) SAMSON IN THE MANAGEMENT OF LEPIDOPTEROUS PESTS
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-06) KULKARNI, NARENDRA S.; Lingappa, Dr. S.
    laboratory conditions indicated that the highest concentration of Nomuraea rileyi (1.2 X 10® conidia/1) caused highest mortality in S. litura and lowest in G. mellonella after 10 days of exposure period. Influence of host plants on the response of S. litura to N. rileyi indicated that larvae fed on groundnut were more susceptible by recording the lowest LCso value followed by soybean, potato and cotton. Treatment effect of fungus on S. litura in soybean and potato fields was not noticed at 3 DAS but increased gradually at 7 DAS and became distinctly evident at 14 DAS. Pod and grain damage to soybean in fungus treated plots at the highest dose was less than in NPV and more than in Bt, however, the yield was as much as in NPV but lesser than in Bt. In potato, the fungus was at par with other two pathogens in reducing the S. litura larval population. But the yield realized due to fungus application was less than in both NPV and Bf. Comparative analysis of fungal efficacy revealed that it was more effective in soybean ecosystem than in potato. Foliage damage followed the same trend in both crops. Fungus was more effective in reducing H. armigera larval population in Stylosanthes followed by redgram and cotton. In redgram, the fungus did not contain the pod and grain damage as much as in viral and bacteria treated plots and this was reflected in gram yield. Bollworm incidence in the fungus treated plot was higher than in NPV and Bt treated plots Virus and bacterium produced more number of good opened bolls and conversely less bad opened boils than N. rileyi and consequently, the former bioagents produced higher yield. Comparative account of efficacy of fungus in all the five ecosystems studied suggest that the fungus was more effective against S. litura than H. armigera in suppressing the larval population. All the microbial agents failed to overtake the superiority of chemical chlorpyrifos in any of the crop ecosystem at all intervals of observation period. Seasonal incidence of N. rileyi to S. litura in groundnut, soybean and potato was noticed between 32"" (August I week) to 40'" (October i week) standard week. Among the three crops, maximum incidence was noticed in groundnut followed by soybean and least in potato. Fungal incidence on H. armigera in cotton, redgram and Stylosanthes was noticed between 43"" to 51" standard week. Among the three crops Stylosantlies proved to be better habitat for the fungal activity followed by redgram and least in cotton. Positive significant correlation was noticed between fungal incidence and afternoon relative humidity in groundnut, soybean and potato. All insecticides and carbendazim, a test fungicide inhibited the growth of the fungus at the recommended dose under in vitro conditions. Carbendazim was more detrimental and neem based Insecticide was the safest to fungus in vitro conditions. Adverse effect of fungicide on the infectivity of N. nleyi to S. litura attenuated with increase in time gap of three days between conidia and fungicide spray under green house conditions. Sorghum and rice grains served as most productive media for conidial growth whereas ragi and wheat did not serve as efficient food source. Conidia harvested from sorghum grains exhibited higher virulence by recording the lowest LC50 value among all the grains tested.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    NATURAL ENEMIES OF HONEYBEES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO BIOECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF GREATER WAXMOTH, Galleria mellonella LINNAEUS (LEPIDOPTERA ; PYRALIDAE)
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2000-06-27) HANUMANTHASWAMY, B. C.; Rajagopal, Dr.D.