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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.
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ThesisItem Embargo ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF CONVENTIONAL AND PAIRED ROW METHOD OF SUGARCANE CULTIVATION IN SOUTHERN DRY ZONE OF KARNATAKA(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2023-03-14) PREM KUMAR, K.; LOKESHA, H.The present study was initiated with the objective of analyzing the comparative economics of paired row Vs conventional method of sugarcane cultivation. The study was undertaken in Maddur and Malavalli taluks of Mandya district of Karnataka. The study is based on the primary data collected from 80 sample respondents, 40 paired row and 40 farmers practicing conventional method of sugarcane cultivation. Comparatively paired row method of sugarcane cultivation uses lesser human labour and bullock labour and more machine labour while conventional method uses more of human labour and bullock labour and less of machine labour. The cost of cultivation of sugarcane in paired row method was higher (Rs.1,48,859/acre) compared to conventional method of sugarcane cultivation (Rs.1,35,525/acre) due to higher harvesting cost incurred in view of higher returns realized in paired row method. The higher yield realized in paired row method (80.05tonnes/acre) compared to (65.72tonnes/acre) conventional method was mainly due to adoption of wider spacing which expose the sugarcane to sunlight better resulted in higher millable cane yield. In view of higher yield realization, the cost of production in paired row method was lower (Rs.1,860/tonne) compared to conventional method (Rs.2,862/tonne). Therefore, sugarcane growing farmers in Cauvery canal command area are advised to adopt paired row method due to its dual advantage in terms of enhancing income and savings in irrigation water to the tune of 57.66 and 20.66 per cent, respectively. With this saved irrigation water, an additional 0.26 acres of sugarcane can be cultivated by the sample farmers.ThesisItem Embargo ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF FARMER PRODUCER COMPANIES ON PRODUCTION AND MARKETING OF VEGETABLES IN RURAL AND URBAN DISTRICTS OF BENGALURU(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2023-02-17) NISHANTH, R.; M. N. VENKATARAMANAThe present study was undertaken in rural and urban districts of Bengaluru and was conducted for two major vegetables in the study area which are tomato and beans. A sample of 120 farmers of which 30 each were members and non-members of were interviewed FPCs for each vegetable, within the jurisdiction of Rajaghatta Horticulture Farmer Producer Company and Anekal Horticulture Farmer Producer Company. The findings of the study have shown that members incurred 8.54 per cent lower cost and realized 28.63 per cent higher net returns than non-members for cultivation of tomato. Whereas for cultivation of beans, members incurred 8.97 per cent lower cost and realized 30.38 per cent higher net returns than nonmembers. The findings on resource use efficiency have shown that manures and mulching material were underutilized by both members and non-members whereas fertilizer, staking sticks and thread were underutilized by non-members for cultivation of tomato. While for cultivation of beans, fertilizer was underutilized by members whereas seeds and machine labour were underutilized by non-members. The producer share in consumer rupee was highest for marketing tomato by non-members (61%) through street hawkers whereas, it was 56 per cent for members which was higher than other channels of non-members. For marketing of beans, producer share in consumer rupee was highest through FPC (77%) as compared to non-members (70%). One of the marketing constraints faced by FPCs, lack of storage infrastructure ranked highest among all the constraints. Hence, members owning and transacting with FPCs will further enhance their income.ThesisItem Embargo ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTION AND PROCESSING OF TURMERIC IN CHAMARAJANAGAR DISTRICT OF KARNATAKA(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2023-02-16) NAVYASHREE, B. M.; K. B. VEDAMURTHYTurmeric is an important spice and cash crop. Under ODOP, there is a scope for providing the framework for value chain development and alignment of support infrastructure of turmeric in Chamarajanagar district. Hence, the study conducted helped in analyzing the economic aspects of turmeric production and processing in Chamarajanagar district of Karnataka. The primary data was collected from 60 turmeric growers, 30 consumers and 2 processing units whereas the secondary data on area, production, productivity and prices of turmeric were collected for a period of 20 years. Techniques such as CAGR analysis, economic viability analysis, discounted capital budgeting technique, sensitivity analysis and conjoint analysis were employed. The area and production of turmeric showed a significant positive growth rate of 3.40 and 2.70 per cent, respectively, whereas the productivity decreased at 0.75 per cent (2001-02 to 2020- 21). The result revealed that the total cost incurred in turmeric production without and with primary processing was ₹86424 and ₹99439 per acre, respectively, obtaining 1.21 and 1.25 as returns per rupee of investment, respectively, indicating that the production of turmeric was remunerative for growers in the study area. Financial feasibility analysis of setting up a turmeric processing unit showed positive NPV, BCR greater than one and IRR higher than the bank’s commercial lending rate. The study concluded that establishing a turmeric processing unit was an economically viable and financially feasible entrepreneurial activity. The conjoint analysis revealed that the consumers preferred turmeric powder with light-yellow colour, fine texture, 50g quantity, organic origin and longer shelf-life.ThesisItem Open Access INSTITUTIONAL INTERVENTION IN AGRICULTURE INPUT SUPPLY: A STUDY OF FARMERS PRODUCER COMPANIES IN KOLAR DISTRICT OF KARNATAKA(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2023-02-16) KEERTHI, B. M.; G. BasavarajThe present study was undertaken in Kolar district of Karnataka state during 2021-22 to evaluate the economic benefits of members over non-members of Farmer Producer Companies (FPCs) in purchase of agriculture inputs. A sample of 30 members each from six villages of Masti Venkatesh Iyengar Horticultural Farmer's Producer Company Limited-Malur (MVHFPCL) and Holur Horticulture Farmer's Producer Company Limited (HHFPCL) jurisdiction and 40 non-members from FPC jurisdiction were selected for the study. The findings of the study have shown that the prices of all agriculture inputs supplied by FPCs were lower by two to three per cent compared to retailers in the market and about 11 per cent for agricultural machinery rental services provided by the FPCs. On a cumulative basis, the overall reduction in cost of purchase of inputs for members was to the extent of ₹ 2609 and ₹ 2910, respectively for HHFPCL and MVHFPCL. The cumulative savings due to transaction costs (distance & time) for members over non-members was ₹ 752 and ₹ 428, respectively. The overall savings for members marketing their produce through FPC over non-members was ₹ 2202/qtl of the produce. Inability of FPC to keep adequate stock of farming inputs emerged as the most important constraint faced by members of FPC, followed by lack of financial assistance. Inadequate working capital and high operational costs were threats for long term sustainability of FPC business. Hence, increasing equity, handholding support from Government and diversifying business are some of the measures to be adopted for long term sustainability.ThesisItem Embargo AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF CHRYSANTHEMUM CULTIVATION UNDER PROTECTED AND OPEN FIELD CONDITION IN EASTERN DRY ZONE OF KARNATAKA(2023-01-20) KUSHALA, K.; JAGANNATH OLEKARThe present investigation on chrysanthemum cultivation used primary data on various aspects of the cost incurred, yield, and returns from chrysanthemum cultivation, collected from 60 farmers comprising of 30 each, cultivating chrysanthemum under protected and open field condition. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and cost and returns analysis. Per acre annual cost of cultivation of chrysanthemum was found to be Rs. 263170 and Rs. 919243, with net returns of Rs. 69402 and Rs. 522120 realized under open and protected cultivation, respectively. Investment in protected cultivation was more profitable as revealed by higher returns realized per rupee of investment under protected cultivation (1.57) than open field cultivation (1.26). Production function analysis revealed that there exists scope to increase planting materials, application of FYM and fertilizer, while the use of human labour needs to be reduced from their existing level under both the methods of cultivation. Among the various factors considered to be influencing the adoption of protected cultivation in chrysanthemum, size of land holding, education, access to extension service, non-farm income, and amount borrowed by farmers were found to be significant. Colour, followed by appearance and shelf life were the major attributes of the loose chrysanthemum, while, appearance followed by colour and stalk length were preferred attributes of cut flower chrysanthemum according to consumers.ThesisItem Embargo ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON FLOWER GROWING FARMERS IN CHIKKABALLAPUR DISTRICT OF KARNATAKA(2023-01-18) KAVYASHRI, G. S.; UMESH, K. B.The study was undertaken to assess the economic impact of COVID-19 pandemic on flowergrowing farmers in Chikkaballapur district of Karnataka. The study used both primary and secondary data to assess the economic impact. The results revealed that the area and production of rose and chrysanthemum had increased in the study area, while chrysanthemum productivity has been declining over the years. The COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on both arrivals and prices of rose and chrysanthemum in Chikkaballapur market, accounting for fifty per cent losses during the COVID period. The rose growers' total farm income has decreased by 83 per cent and the chrysanthemum growers' total farm income has decreased by 46 per cent during the COVID period due to travel restrictions and timely unavailability of adequate inputs. The health expenditure of rose and chrysanthemum growers had increased by 40 and 33 per cent, respectively while, that for expenditure on social ceremonies had decreased significantly during COVID period. Farm, off-farm, and non-farm employment of both rose and chrysanthemum growers decreased during the COVID period compared to pre-COVID period. Flower growers adopted several coping strategies in order to recover at least some of the production costs. Twenty-five per cent of rose and 32.50 per cent of chrysanthemum growers sold flowers in local markets, and 20 per cent of rose and 37.50 per cent of chrysanthemum growers sold flowers to temples. Only a few rose and chrysanthemum growers sold flowers to the apartments, dyeing and perfumery industries.ThesisItem Embargo ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON BANANA AND ONION GROWERS IN VIJAYANAGARA DISTRICT OF KARNATAKA(2022-12-24) POOJA, N.; UMESH, K. B.During the COVID-19 induced lockdown in India, it was difficult, especially for the fruits and vegetables farmers, to find right price for their produce. Thus, the study assessed the impact of COVID-19 induced lockdown on banana and onion growers in Vijayanagara district of Karnataka. The study used Vector Autoregression and Vector Error Correction Model to analyse the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on market arrivals and prices of banana and onion. Expectedly, there was a negative impact of COVID-19 on market arrivals and prices of banana. However, there was a positive impact of COVID-19 pandemic on market arrivals and prices of onion, accounting to an average gain of 1,17,405 per month for the market, explaining that the impact varied according to the nature of commodities. The personal interviews with the farmers revealed that the net income from banana and onion had decreased during COVID period. Also, the expenditure on food and health was significantly higher during the COVID period. Meanwhile, expenditure on recreation, social ceremonies and clothing had decreased significantly. Nearly 83 per cent of the banana growers distributed the harvested bananas to the nearby zoo at free of cost, depicting the pathetic condition of banana growers during the lockdown. However, 77 per cent of the onion growers stored the onions in the warehouses and anticipated for better prices in the future, Therefore, the study suggests to strengthen the Supply chain system by digitisation and logistic development that could cushion out the shocks like that of COVID-19 pandemic.ThesisItem Embargo AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF VALUE ADDED PRODUCTS OF ARECANUT IN NONTRADITIONAL REGION OF KARNATAKA(2022-12-12) BHARATH, K. Y.; Jagannath OlekarThe present study on arecanut and its value added products was carried out in Tumkuru and Ramanagara districts of Karnataka during 2021-22. The study assessed the cost and returns and investment feasibility of arecanut and its value added products, marketing channels of value added products of arecanut and constraints in marketing of value added products of arecanut. Primary data was collected from 60 arecanut growing farmers and ten manufacturing units of the value added products. The results revealed that total cost of cultivation of arecanut was Rs. 2,83,333 per acre per annum which generated gross returns of Rs. 5,07,600 per acre and net returns realized was Rs. 2,24,267 per acre. The cultivation of arecanut was economically feasible with NPV of Rs. 7,21,432 per acre, BC ratio of 1.35 and IRR of 17 per cent. For the production of 9,80,216 numbers of areca leaf plate the expenditure was Rs. 16,68,746 which generated a gross returns of Rs. 21,88,328 and net returns of Rs. 5,19,582. The cost of production of kalipak was Rs. 42,364 per quintal which generated gross returns of Rs. 49,099 per quintal and net returns realized of Rs. 6,735 per quintal. The areca leaf manufacturing unit was economically feasible with NPV of Rs. 15,54,059, BC ratio of 1.24 and IRR of 49 per cent. Channel II was most efficient channel followed by channel I and channel III in marketing of kalipak. Channel I was most efficient channel followed by channel II and channel III in marketing of areca leaf plates. The long distance coverage to market was the major constraint in marketing of kalipak and competition from large manufacturers was the major constraint in marketing of areca leaf plates.ThesisItem Embargo AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF MULBERRY CULTIVATION, COCOON PRODUCTION AND SILK REELING IN CHIKKABALLAPUR DISTRICT OF KARNATAKA(2023-01-09) LIKITHA, B M.; GADDI, G M.The current study on the economic analysis of mulberry cultivation, cocoon production, and silk reeling in Chikkaballapur district of Karnataka was based on the both secondary data (area under mulberry cultivation, production, and productivity of cocoon) and primary data (60 farmers and 10 silk reelers). Results on growth rate analysis revealed positive growth in area under mulberry cultivation (6.60 %), production (0.65 %) and productivity of silk cocoon (1.21%) in the Chikkaballapur district. Cost and returns analysis revealed that farmers incurred cost of Rs. 25,657/ acre/crop on mulberry cultivation and earned a net returns of Rs. 5,287 per crop. The resource use efficiency analysis using profitability ratio (MVP: MFC) revealed scope to increase the usage of fertilizer, FYM, and irrigation while there is a need to reduce human labour usage to optimize returns from mulberry cultivation. Due to the standardized managerial practices followed by the skilled farmers, the mean technical efficiency was very high (92 %). The comparison between farmers who are producing cocoons with own mulberry leaves and farmers producing cocoons on purchased leaves revealed that mulberry growers realized higher net returns (Rs. 8,831/100 dfls) than those who produced cocoon on purchased leaves (Rs. 6,466/100 dfls). The expenditure of cottage basin reelers was found to be Rs. 2,11,246 and earned net returns of Rs. 22,178 per basin per month. The analysis of reelers preference for cocoon revealed that shape, price, size and weight were the important attributes influencing preference for the multivoltine cocoon.
