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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.
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ThesisItem Embargo AN ANALYSIS OF CONSUMER ACCEPTANCE AND PREFERENCE FOR A2 MILK IN BENGALURU CITY(2022-12-02) NIDHI KUMARI; Dr. C. P. GracyMilk is an important source of vitamins, minerals and said to be nature’s perfect diet. The main objectives of the study were to assess the demographic profile, level of awareness of A2 milk among consumers, factors influencing A2 milk consumption and buying behaviour of consumers towards A2 milk. Descriptive statistics, hedonic scale, Garrett’s ranking technique methods were used to analyse the data. Results indicated that Akshayakalpa, Nandini, Heritage, Haritas, Mother dairy Mathruka, Gatti Gaushala Organic Mandya were the most prevalent brands in A2 milk. Study revealed that majority of the consumers are well-educated. Majority (57.5 %) of the consumers have a medium level of awareness of health benefits i.e., it is a good source of lactose, vitamins A, D, and B12, it has a significant amount of omega -3 fatty acids. Product quality, Market consideration and Household characteristics were major factors influencing consumers to purchase. Majority of respondents chose cow's milk because it is lighter and often considered to be less fatty. Majority (55%) of A2 milk consumers purchased for their children. Majority (55 %) of the respondents were using Nandini brand before shifting to A2 milk. Taste of A2 milk is highly accepted by respondents (90.50 %) followed by aroma, appearance, thickness, and colour. It is suggested that government and private players could concentrate on rising awareness of health benefits of A2 milk and focus on improving marketing strategies. Supply chain by public and private players is to be strengthened for making milk affordable to all income groups.ThesisItem Embargo VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS OF TURMERIC IN GUNTUR DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH(2023-01-10) POOJITHA, BUKKANA; Dr. Ganapathy, M S.The present study was conducted in Kollipara and Duggirala mandals of Guntur district in Andhra Pradesh for analysing the trend in the area, production and productivity of turmeric, the degree of value addition and identification and mapping of the turmeric value chain. The trend in the area, production and productivity of turmeric in India from 2000-01 to 2020-21was positive, fluctuating and negative respectively. Whereas, the trend in the area, production and productivity of turmeric in Andhra Pradesh from 2000-01 to 2013-14 was positive and from 2014-15 to 2020-21 the trend was positive for the area and negative for both production and productivity. The trend in the area in the Guntur district from 2000-01 to 2020-21 was positive and for production and productivity, it was negative. The important stakeholders of the turmeric value chain were input suppliers, farmers, commission agents, processors, wholesalers, retailers and exporters. The highest degree of value addition in the turmeric value chain was at the wholesaler level (15.30 %) for processed turmeric and at the processor level (61.53 %) in the case of turmeric powder. The study revealed that there is more scope for turmeric farming and value addition due to increased health awareness, especially after Covid-19. Hence, there is a need for strengthening the turmeric value chain by establishing more processing units and introducing innovative value-added products of turmeric.ThesisItem Embargo A STUDY ON BUSINESS COMPETENCIES AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF FPO DRIVEN AGRI VALUE CHAINS IN THE STATE OF ANDHRA PRADESH(2022-12-29) PRABHAVATHI YANDURI; Dr. SIDDAYYAFarmer producer organizations (FPOs) are institutions of collective action that act as an effective mechanism in empowering small holders by enhancing their access to inputs, credit, markets, leading to improvement of income levels. Despite policy and institutional support, less than 30 per cent of FPOs are prospering, creating a need for strengthening of FPOs. Thus, the present study aims to understand the relation between business competencies and financial performance of FPOs and impact of FPO membership in the state of Andhra Pradesh. Sample size includes 15 FPOs, 50 per cent of managerial team of FPOs, 150 member and 150 non-member farmers and three years (2019-2022) financial statements. Data was analysed using t-test, ANOVA, ordinal regression, probit, dummy regression, propensity score matching, financial ratios, Garette ranking. Results indicated that FPOs in study area were majorly performing agri input sales (fertilizers) followed by output aggregation. Performing of market operations and fund mobilization identified as major constraints. The major competency determinants identified were education, business exposure, experience of leadership role in CBOs and digital media exposure. Due to higher level of these determinants, business competencies of managerial team of market centric approached FPOs were higher over production centric. The financial performance analysis showed that FPOs showed better liquidity position, shift towards debt financing and poor profitability (less than 5%). FPO membership determinants identified were education, access to institutional credit, extension services, production-oriented technologies, market information behaviour, market risk attitude, female headed households and social network behaviour. Compared to non-members, FPO farmers realized average net savings of Rs. 38.83 for every Rs. 100 spent on marketing and higher net farm income of Rs.12.14 for every Rs.100 earned. Thus, the study established a positive relationship between competencies and performances mediated through business approach.ThesisItem Embargo PERFORMANCE OF KOLLEGALA HORTICULTURE FARMERS PRODUCERS COMPANY LIMITED IN CHAMARAJANAGAR DISTRICT OF KARNATAKA - AN ECONOMIC EVALUATION(2022-12-29) KIRAN KOTYAL; Dr. S.C. RAMESH KUMARThe study was conducted in Chamarajanagar district of Karnataka state with the objective of economic analysis of the Kollegala Horticulture Farmers Producers Company Limited (KHFPCL), promoted by the department of Horticulture Government of Karnataka. The primary data was collected by personal interview from the officials of KHFPCL, 30 registered farmers of KHFPCL and 30 non-registered farmers of KHFPCL. The KHFPCL provides services like inputs, custom hiring services and marketing of outputs. The price difference was found between the KHFPCL farmers and non-FPC farmers. Turnover of KHFPCL during 2021 was 3.8 crore and increasing over the years. The price realized was higher for FPC farmers compared with non-members who are selling in open market price. The KHFPCL members received higher prices for the major crops like maize (11.11%), banana (7.14 %) and turmeric (6.67 %). The financial performance of Kollegala Horticulture Farmers Producers Company Limited was analysed by liquidity ratio, solvency ratio, efficiency ratio and profitability ratio which was increasing over the years. The cost of cultivation of major crops by KHFPCL farmers is less compared to non-KHFPCL farmers. The impact of KHFPCL in term of decrease in cost of cultivation and higher prices resulted in higher benefits in production of banana (₹ 52,539.84), maize (₹ 9,793.24) and turmeric (₹ 41,667.35). The major constraints faced by KHFPCL farmers was scarcity of labour, inadequate loan facilities and lack of storage during harvesting season. Government policy to provideThesisItem Open Access FOOD SAFETY STANDARDS AND MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES FOR EXPORTS OF DAIRY PRODUCTS OF INDIA(2022-02-22) NOUR, ALLAHHAM; Dr. GIRISH, M R.The present study aimed to analyse the destination-wise exports of selected dairy products of India, examine the export competitiveness of selected dairy products of India, and assess the impact of food safety standards on exports of dairy products. The study found that India’s total exports of dairy products increased at a CAGR of 5.10 per cent for the period 2009-10 to 2019-20. Based on Constant Market Share Analysis, the growth in India’s exports of selected dairy products due to world trade effect was found to be 48.61 per cent; with commodity composition effect being 11.59 per cent; market distribution effect being 9.03 per cent; and competitiveness effect being 30.77 per cent. As per Gravity Model Analysis, an increase in India’s GDP by 10 percent will result in an increase in its value of dairy exports by 17.67 per cent while a 10 per cent increase in the GDP of the importing country will increase the value of Indian exports by 3.33 percent. It was observed that if the importing countries decrease the MRL for aflatoxins by 10 percent, the value of India’s dairy exports will fall by 5.95 per cent. The study revealed that the MRL of aflatoxins is a major concern in dairy exports of India. Therefore, the Government as well as other authorities concerned need to take cognizance of this fact and act accordingly by sensitizing the dairy farmers about the issue.ThesisItem Open Access IMPACT OF SOIL HEALTH CARD SCHEME ON ENHANCING FARM PRODUCTIVITY AND FARMERS INCOME IN SHIVAMOGGA DISTRICT – AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS(2022-03-02) SHABAREESH, S A.; Dr. RAMESH KUMAR, S C.This study was conducted in Shivamogga district of Karnataka state with the objective of analysing the economic impact Soil Health Card (SHC) scheme on cost of cultivation and income of major crops. The study was based on primary data collected from 60 SHC farmers and 60 control farmers of Soraba and Sagara taluks during 2020-21. The study revealed that more than 66.66 per cent of soil tested farmers had a positive opinion on SHC. Among the SHC holders, 72 per cent of farmers were applying recommended doses of fertilizer fully or partially. About 28 per cent of SHC farmers and 18 percent of control farmers were loyal to particular brands (IFFCO, SPIC and Mangala) of fertilizers. SHC holders obtained higher yields in all the major crops i.e., areacanut 96.06 qtls/acre; paddy 22.92 qtls/acre; maize 23.89 qtls/acre and ginger 158.88 qtls/acre compared to control farmers arecanut 80.90 qtls/acre; paddy 20.05 qtls/acre; maize 22.71 qtls/acre and ginger 142.50 qtls/acre. Profitability of SHC holders over control farmers was found to be a net gain of ₹ 51,529/ acre from arecanut; ₹ 4,725/ acre from paddy; ₹ 2,850/ acre from maize and ₹ 73,706/ acre from ginger cultivation. About 93 per cent of the farmers were facing a constraint of faraway located soil testing laboratories to get soil test done. It is suggested that agricultural extension services to be taken up in large scale to improve the knowledge of farmers towards SHC.ThesisItem Open Access VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS OF BANGALORE BLUE GRAPES IN CHIKKABALLAPURA DISTRICT(2022-03-28) KIRAN GOWDA, H. S.; KRISHNAMURTHY, B.The study was conducted to assess the value chain analysis of Bangalore blue grapes in Chikkaballapur District. The Primary data was collected from 90 respondents which include farmers (60), traders (10), wholesalers (10) processors(5) andconsumers (5). The Secondary data about district wise production of grapes was collected from Directorate of Horticulture. The Analytical tools employed include Compound growth rate analysis and Descriptive statistics. Area and production of Chikkaballapur district was increased by 2.43and 14.86 per cent over ten years. The study revealed that the cost of cultivation per acre was Rs.227130.06. The average yield per acre was 179 quintal which accrued a gross return of Rs. 320768 per acre and net return per acre was Rs.93637.94. The return per rupee investment was Rs. 1.4. The process of value addition starts at the stage of trading, because farmers in the chain will not add any value to grapes at farm level. Degree of value addition takes place during pulp extraction (41.80%) and processing of grapes into wine (312.29%). Lack of proper marketing system, nonavailability of storage and processing unit, poor transportation facilities, absence of price support scheme are the major constraints. Farmers’ Producers’ Organization should be formed at village level. The infrastructures like pack houses, cold storages etc should be built on cooperative/community basis and all members farmers should be able to use them.ThesisItem Open Access BUSINESS PERFORMANCE OF TUR PROCESSING UNIT IN KALBURGI DISTRICT OF KARNATAKA(2022-03-28) SUNILA; JAGANNATH OLEKARThe present study was planned to assess the business performance of tur processing unit and it was carried out in two processing units i.e., Gubbi Dal Industry and Sri Vasavi Dal Industry Kalburgi district from Karnataka. The liquidity position (current ratio) of Gubbi dal industry was 3.69 and 6.52 for Sri Vasavi dal industry and was well over the acceptable norms. The leverage ratio – debt to equity was 1.35 for Gubbi dal industry and 0.02 for Sri Vasavi dal industry, capital employed to net worth ratio is 1.03 for Gubbi dal industry and 2.02 for Sri Vasavi dal industry, Interest coverage ratio for Gubbi dal industry was 1.47, whereas 8.00 for Sri Vasavi dal industry, which projects that units are making enough money to pay the interest. The Gross and Net profit margins of Gubbi dal industry were 0.53 and 0.13 and for Vasavi dal industry 0.33 and 0.14 respectively. Around 68.33 per cent of growers sell their produce through channel I (producer → wholesaler → retailer →consumer) and 31.67 per cent in channel II (producer → processor → wholesaler → retailer →consumer). Price spread was higher in channel I (Rs 10,700). Damage due to pest and diseases, scarcity of labour, scarcity of water and lodging due to wind were the major production constraints. The major marketing constraints were fluctuation in prices, high transportation cost and lack of storage facilities. The major constraints faced by the processing units are difficulty in availability of raw material, fluctuation in prices of raw materials, wage rate and labour problem.ThesisItem Open Access CONSUMER PREFERENCE AND PRICE BEHAVIOUR OF SELECTED VEGETABLES IN BENGALURU RURAL DISTRICT OF KARNATAKA(2022-03-21) PAVANKUMAR, M.; GADDI, G. M.The present research which aimed at studying the consumer preference and price behaviour of selected vegetables was conducted in Bengaluru Rural district of Karnataka. The study used both the primary data (40 farmers, 30 market intermediaries and 30 consumers) and secondary data (arrivals and price from krishimaratavahini website). The analysis of the data using suitable tools indicated returns per rupee of expenditure of 1.62 for tomato, 1.35 for cole crops and 1.50 for gourd family vegetables. The time series analysis showed the highest arrivals and prices for tomato during 2010 (544.71) and 2021 (1370.01) and the corresponding values for chilli were 2010 (70.86) and 2021 (3305.5). Seasonal indices for arrivals was found to be the highest during the month of June (108.07) for tomato, during July (108.08) for chilli, during August (116.78) for cabbage cauliflower and ridge gourd and January (127.93) for cucumber. Majority (66.67%) of the consumers purchased during morning hours and spent around 12 per cent of their consumption expenditure on vegetables. Among the different channels identified in marketing of vegetables, Channel III (Farmer-Commission agent-Wholesaler-cumtraders- Retailer-Consumer) was found to be the most efficient for tomato, chilli, cabbage and cauliflower, while for gourd vegetables (cucumber and ridge gourd) channel IV (Farmer- Commission agent-Wholesaler-cum-traders-Vegetable vendor-Consumer) was found to be the most efficient based on the Acharya’s and Shepherd’s measures of marketing efficiency. The major constraints faced by the farmers in marketing of vegetables included high price fluctuations, delayed receipt of payment for vegetables and lack of storage facility.
