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Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Agriculture University, Palampur

Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya (renamed as Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in June, 2001) was established on 1st November, 1978.The College of Agriculture (established in May, 1966) formed the nucleus of the new farm University. It is ICAR accredited and ISO 9001:2015 certified institution. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research has ranked this University at eleventh place among all farm universities of the country. The University has been given the mandate for making provision for imparting education in agriculture and other allied branches of learning, furthering the advancement of learning and prosecution of research and undertaking extension of such sciences, especially to the rural people of Himachal Pradesh. Over the years, this University has contributed significantly in transforming the farm scenario of Himachal Pradesh. It has developed human resources, varieties and technologies and transferred these to farming community enabling the State to receive the “Krishikarman award” of Govt. of India four times in row for food grain production among small states of the country. Today, the State has earned its name for hill agricultural diversification and the farming community has imposed its faith in the University.

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Author: Parkhe, Prapti × Start date: 2000 × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Molecular characterization and plasmid profiling of Pasteurella multocida of animal origin
    (palampur, 2022-06-04) Parkhe, Prapti; Verma, Subhash
    Pasteurella multocida, is a Gram negative opportunistic bacterial pathogen capable of causing several economically important diseases in animals including zoonosis. There are multiple capsular, LPS and virulence genotypes of this organism which are differently associated with various diseases in different hosts. In this study, a total of 75 isolates from different animal host species were studied for their capsule and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) genotypes, virulence-associated genes, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and plasmid profile. A capsular type B was predominant genotype and its prevalence was recorded 85.3% in bovine, 40% in ovine, 66.7% in porcine and 20.8% in poultry isolates. The percent prevalence of capsular type A was 79.2 in avian followed by 40 in ovine, 33.3 in porcine and 12.2 in bovine isolates. Both rabbit and deer isolates were detected as capsular type A and only one isolate each from bovine and ovine belonged to capsular type D. The isolates were assigned to seven groups based on both capsule and LPS genotype, namely A:L1 (13/29), A:L3 (2/29), A:L6 (6/29), A:non-typeable (8/29), B:L2 (42/44), B:non-typeable (2/41) and D:L3 (2/2). When combining both the typing systems, L1 (44.8%), L2 (95.4%) and L3 (100%) were the most prevalent LPS genotypes found in capsular type A, B and D, respectively. P. multocida displayed significant association of a given capsule type with a particular LPS genotype. Many P. multocida remained untypeable for their LPS genotypes which suggested presence of genomic diversity in primer binding locations of LPS biosynthesis loci. Of the total 12 virulence genes, three (ompH, sodC, and ptfA) showed high prevalence in all capsular types whereas toxA was not detected in any of the genotypes. A large proportion of virulent genes (75 to 100%) were present in non-typeable strains. A given P. multocida genotype with a specific set of virulence associated genes clustered together suggesting a genetic relatedness despite their place of origin. Majority of isolates were susceptible to most antibiotics, however, resistance to tetracyclines, streptomycin and sulfonamides were displayed by 62%, 26% and 24% of isolates. Most MDR isolates belonged to capsular type B (15/17, 88.2%) and the MAR indices ranged from 0.04 to 0.39. Only a single isolate harboured a plasmid of molecular size around 11.6 kb, suggesting rarity of plasmids in studied isolates. Additional studies would be needed to understand completely the role of P. multocida genotypic combinations in disease outcome in different hosts and for their exploration as vaccine candidates. The detailed sequence analysis would provide more insight about various characteristics of the plasmid.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Molecular characterization and plasmid profiling of Pasteurella multocida of animal origin
    (palampur, 2022-03-31) Parkhe, Prapti; Verma, Subhash
    Pasteurella multocida, is a Gram negative opportunistic bacterial pathogen capable of causing several economically important diseases in animals including zoonosis. There are multiple capsular, LPS and virulence genotypes of this organism which are differently associated with various diseases in different hosts. In this study, a total of 75 isolates from different animal host species were studied for their capsule and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) genotypes, virulence-associated genes, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and plasmid profile. A capsular type B was predominant genotype and its prevalence was recorded 85.3% in bovine, 40% in ovine, 66.7% in porcine and 20.8% in poultry isolates. The percent prevalence of capsular type A was 79.2 in avian followed by 40 in ovine, 33.3 in porcine and 12.2 in bovine isolates. Both rabbit and deer isolates were detected as capsular type A and only one isolate each from bovine and ovine belonged to capsular type D. The isolates were assigned to seven groups based on both capsule and LPS genotype, namely A:L1 (13/29), A:L3 (2/29), A:L6 (6/29), A:non-typeable (8/29), B:L2 (42/44), B:non-typeable (2/41) and D:L3 (2/2). When combining both the typing systems, L1 (44.8%), L2 (95.4%) and L3 (100%) were the most prevalent LPS genotypes found in capsular type A, B and D, respectively. P. multocida displayed significant association of a given capsule type with a particular LPS genotype. Many P. multocida remained untypeable for their LPS genotypes which suggested presence of genomic diversity in primer binding locations of LPS biosynthesis loci. Of the total 12 virulence genes, three (ompH, sodC, and ptfA) showed high prevalence in all capsular types whereas toxA was not detected in any of the genotypes. A large proportion of virulent genes (75 to 100%) were present in non-typeable strains. A given P. multocida genotype with a specific set of virulence associated genes clustered together suggesting a genetic relatedness despite their place of origin. Majority of isolates were susceptible to most antibiotics, however, resistance to tetracyclines, streptomycin and sulfonamides were displayed by 62%, 26% and 24% of isolates. Most MDR isolates belonged to capsular type B (15/17, 88.2%) and the MAR indices ranged from 0.04 to 0.39. Only a single isolate harboured a plasmid of molecular size around 11.6 kb, suggesting rarity of plasmids in studied isolates. Additional studies would be needed to understand completely the role of P. multocida genotypic combinations in disease outcome in different hosts and for their exploration as vaccine candidates. The detailed sequence analysis would provide more insight about various characteristics of the plasmid