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Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Agriculture University, Palampur

Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya (renamed as Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in June, 2001) was established on 1st November, 1978.The College of Agriculture (established in May, 1966) formed the nucleus of the new farm University. It is ICAR accredited and ISO 9001:2015 certified institution. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research has ranked this University at eleventh place among all farm universities of the country. The University has been given the mandate for making provision for imparting education in agriculture and other allied branches of learning, furthering the advancement of learning and prosecution of research and undertaking extension of such sciences, especially to the rural people of Himachal Pradesh. Over the years, this University has contributed significantly in transforming the farm scenario of Himachal Pradesh. It has developed human resources, varieties and technologies and transferred these to farming community enabling the State to receive the “Krishikarman award” of Govt. of India four times in row for food grain production among small states of the country. Today, the State has earned its name for hill agricultural diversification and the farming community has imposed its faith in the University.

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Subject: Veterinary Anatomy and Histology × End date: 2014 × Start date: 2014 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ANATOMICAL STUDIES ON THE OESOPHAGUS AND STOMACH OF GADDI SHEEP
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2014-09-29) Malik Ahmed, Shabir; Rajput, Rajesh
    ABSTRACT The study was conducted on the oesophagus and stomach of thirty Gaddi sheep to observe the gross anatomy, histoarchitecture and histochemistry, which revealed that the oesophagus increased in diameter from pharynx towards the cardia. The wall of the oesophagus was composed of four distinct layers i.e. tunica mucosa, tunica submucosa, tunica muscularis and tunica serosa / adventitia. Tunica mucosa was composed of lamina epithelialis, lamina propria and lamina muscularis. The lining epithelium of oesophagus was keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. The tunica submucosa was relatively thick, highly vascular tunic with connective tissue being more fibrous and less cellular. Tunica muscularis consisted of an inner circular and outer longitudinal layer. The stomach was composed of four structurally distinct parts: rumen, reticulum and omasum; collectively called forestomach and lined by keratinized stratified squamous epithelium and abomasum by simple columnar epithelium. The rumen, a large laterally compressed sac was partially divided into different sacs by muscular pillars internally, with external grooves corresponding to the position of internal rumen pillars. The mucosa of rumen was studded with papillae which varied from short tongue-like forms to large flattened foliate papillae. The mucosa of reticulum was raised into permanent folds which formed honeycomb-like structures. Omasum was a muscular, oval shaped organ containing many parallel crescent shaped laminae. The abomasum was thrown into high longitudinal folds. The compound stomach had all the layers of a typical tubular organ i.e. tunica mucosa, tunica submucosa, tunica muscularis and tunica serosa however lamina muscularis was absent in rumen and was confined to the tips of primary reticular folds in reticulum. Tunica submucosa consisted of collagen and elastic fibres that blended into the lamina propria without any distinct junction in rumen and reticulum. Tunica muscularis comprised of inner thicker circular and outer thin longitudinal layer in rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum. The tunica mucosa of abomasum had cardiac, fundic and pyloric glands lined by simple columnar epithelium. Cardiac and fundic glands were simple tubular glands whereas pyloric glands were branched tubular glands. Chief, parietal and mucous neck cells were present in the fundic glands. The histochemical reactions were mainly demonstrated in the stratum corneum and superficial region of the oesophagus, in the lamina epithelialis and connective tissue core of mucosal projections of rumen, reticulum and omasum and the gastric glands present near the superficial region of glandular mucosa indicating the presence of glycogen (PAS), acidic mucopolysaccharides (Alcian blue pH 2.5) and lipids (Sudan Black B).