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Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Agriculture University, Palampur

Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya (renamed as Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in June, 2001) was established on 1st November, 1978.The College of Agriculture (established in May, 1966) formed the nucleus of the new farm University. It is ICAR accredited and ISO 9001:2015 certified institution. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research has ranked this University at eleventh place among all farm universities of the country. The University has been given the mandate for making provision for imparting education in agriculture and other allied branches of learning, furthering the advancement of learning and prosecution of research and undertaking extension of such sciences, especially to the rural people of Himachal Pradesh. Over the years, this University has contributed significantly in transforming the farm scenario of Himachal Pradesh. It has developed human resources, varieties and technologies and transferred these to farming community enabling the State to receive the “Krishikarman award” of Govt. of India four times in row for food grain production among small states of the country. Today, the State has earned its name for hill agricultural diversification and the farming community has imposed its faith in the University.

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2007 - 200932010 - 20167
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Subject: Plant Breeding and Genetics × Start date: 2007 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 10
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on induced mutagenesis in ricebean [vigna umbellata thunb. ohwi and ohashi]
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2008) Patial, Madhu; Thakur, S.R.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Genetic assessment of maize inbreds for the development of desirable hybrids
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2007) Jenjiha, Jagdish Kumar; Sood, B.C.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    TAGGING OF THE SPECIFIC GENOME AND CHROMOSOME(S) OF HEXAPLOID WHEAT TRIGGERING CHROMOSOME ELIMINATION IN WHEAT x IMPERATA CYLINDRICA SYSTEM OF DOUBLED HAPLOIDY BREEDING
    (CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishavavidyalaya, Palampur, 2013) KAILA, VINEETA; Chaudhary, H. K.
    The present research endeavour entitled as “tagging of the specific genome and chromosome(s) of hexaploid wheat triggering chromosome elimination in wheat x Imperata cylindrica system of doubled haploidy breeding” was undertaken at Molecular Cytogenetics & Tissue Culture Lab and Experimental Farm of the Department of Crop Improvement, CSK HP Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India during 2010- 11 and 2011- 12 with the objective of identifying the wheat genomes and chromosomes responsible for elimination of whole I. cylindrica chromosome complement in wheat x I. cylindrica hybrids during early embryogenesis. Upon hybridization of different species of wheat viz., Triticum monococcum, T. tauschii and T. durum with I. cylindrica, haploid embryos were recovered in T. tauschii and T. durum only which revealed that the D and B genomes of hexaploid wheat are triggering the paternal chromosome elimination process. The possibility of enhancing the efficiency of embryo formation via increasing the exogenous supply of 2,4-D was also exploited and 0.03 % and 0.04 % of 2,4-D concentration were found optimum for haploid induction in T. durum and T. tauschii, respectively. The induction of haploid embryos in these species was also confirmed by cross-sectional studies of fertilized ovules derived after their hybridization with I. cylindrica. For further resolution of the genetic control of paternal chromosome elimination in wheat x I. cylindrica crosses, cytogenetic stocks viz., complete set of monosomic and nullisomic lines derived from ‘Chinese Spring’ cultivar of hexaploid wheat and D genome substitution lines of tetraploid wheat cultivar ‘Langdon’ were crossed with I. cylindrica. Statistical analysis of embryo formation frequency in monosomics revealed the role of 4D, 1D, 6B and 6D chromosomes as the absence of these chromosomes resulted in reduction of haploid embryo formation frequency from control as well as mean. These results were also supported by data obtained from nullisomics and substitution lines. Morphological characterization of monosomic series was carried out on the basis of 24 traits to identify visual markers for differentiation of aneuploids from disomic plants. Eight morphological descriptors were identified for differentiation of nullisomics, that is, seed size, plant height, spike length, number of tillers, florets per spike, seeds per spike, days to flowering and 100 seed weight. Whereas, two descriptors were identified in case of monosomics viz., spike shape for 5A and days to flowering for 2B monosomic.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Imperata cylindrica - MEDIATED INDUCTION OF HAPLOIDS IN VARIOUS CEREALS AND ENHANCEMENT OF THE SYSTEM IN WHEAT THROUGH COLCHICINE MANIPULATIONS
    (CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishavavidyalaya, Palampur, 2010) TAYENG, TISU; Chaudhary, H K
    The research endeavour entitled ―Imperata cylindrica- mediated induction of haploids in various cereals and enhancement of the system in wheat through colchicine manipulations‖ was executed in the Department of Crop Improvement, CSK HPKV, Palampur during the years 2007- 08 to 2009- 10 with the mission to induce haploids in wheat and other cereals using Imperata cylindrica as a pollen source and efficiency enhancement of the chromosome elimination-mediated system of doubled haploidy breeding in wheat through various colchicine manipulations at in vivo and in vitro level. For the execution of wide hybridization, five cereals viz., wheat, rice, maize, barley and oat involving various promising lines/ genotypes were utilized and for colchicine manipulation experiments at in vitro and in vivo level, various formulation and combination of time, duration and colchicine were formulated and executed in DH 100 x DH 40 derived F1 hybrid of bread wheat. The results obtained in the present investigation in respect of wide hybridization of different cereals with I. cylindrica showed that I. cylindrica was an efficient and effective pollen source for haploid induction in bread wheat and durum wheat. Pseudo seeds and embryo like structures were recovered in barley and rice upon hybridization with I. cylindrica. However, green plants could not be regenerated in both the cases. Maize and oat didn‘t respond well but there can be a ray of hope for the induction of haploids in these cereals also if more refinement and manipulation is done in hybridization techniques and culture protocols. In the in vivo colchicine manipulation experiment, colchicine concentration ranging from 2000 ppm to 10,000 ppm at 48, 72 and 96 hours after pollination have yielded response to chromosome doubling. Application of injection of single dose of 2000 ppm colchicine concentration at 48 hours of pollination has given most stable results in doubling the chromosome number. Hence, it can be recommended as the best dose for achieving fruitful results and save time and energy spent on this exercise through earlier techniques. In the in vitro colchicine manipulation experiment, the colchicine concentration ranging from 300 ppm to 3000 ppm of 48, 72 and 96 hours of treatment induced doubling of the chromosomes. The outcome of the present endeavour can open new vistas for enhancing the efficiency of DH breeding in wheat and other cereals with enhanced precision and efficiency.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INTROGRESSION OF URDBEAN ANTHRACNOSE RESISTANCE AND YIELD COMPONENTS INVOLVING VIGNA MUNGO X V. UMBELLATA HYBRIDIZATION
    (CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishavavidyalaya, Palampur, 2016) BINDRA, SHAYLA; Mittal, Raj Kumar
    “Introgression of urdbean anthracnose resistance and yield components involving Vigna mungo x V. umbellata hybridization” was carried out with the objective to develop inter-specific hybrids, study inheritance of urdbean anthracnose (Colletotrichum truncatum) resistance and nature and magnitude of gene effects for yield and its component traits. Inter-specific crosses were attempted between three genotypes each of V. mungo and V. umbellata to transfer genes for disease resistance and yield related traits. Inter-specific hybridization revealed the presence of pre-fertilization barriers; confirmed by the frequency of pod set and post-fertilization barriers as F1‟s exhibited reduced germination and sterility. The frequency of inter-specific hybridization, radicle and plant production percentage, revealed the genotype specific response of both the species. Inheritance of anthracnose leaf spot under natural and artificial epiphytotic conditions in KUG-216 x HPBU-111, KUG-216 x Palampur-93 and IPU-05-13 x Palampur-93 indicated the involvement of single dominant gene for disease resistance. In parents; KUG-216 and IPU-05-13, test of allelism is suggested to determine whether the gene present in them is similar or not. Six-generations of four inter-varietal crosses (KUG-216 x HPBU-111, KUG-216 x Palampur-93, IPU-05-13 x HPBU-111 and IPU-05-13 x Palampur-93) were evaluated to derive information on nature and magnitude of gene effects for yield and its component traits. Scaling tests revealed inadequacy of additive-dominance model for all the traits indicating the presence of non-allelic interactions. Duplicate gene action was observed for six characters in KUG-216 x HPBU-111, five in KUG-216 x Palampur-93, one in IPU-05-13 x HPBU-111 and two in IPU-05-13 x Palampur-93 and complementary gene action for one character each in KUG-216 x Palampur-93 and IPU-05-13 x HPBU-111. Therefore, selection in later generations for duplicate gene action and early generation selection in complementary gene action involving intermatings in F2 should be adopted for harnessing desirable recombinants. Significant inbreeding depression in F2 was observed in crosses exhibiting heterosis which could be due to the linkage of genes. Negative over-dominance as shown by estimates of potence ratio can be exploited in four traits viz; days to flower initiation, days to 50 per cent flowering, days to 75 per cent maturity and plant height. IPU-05-13 x Palampur-93 was found to be the best cross combination followed by KUG-216 x Palampur-93 exhibiting highest mean seed yield per plant in F1‟s, beneficial heterosis for six and seven traits, respectively. The [h] and [i] type of non-allelic interactions in IPU-05-13 x Palampur-93 whereas duplicate type of interaction in KUG-216 x Palampur-93 along with over-dominance was observed. Hence, intermatings in F2 and reciprocal recurrent selections could be adopted to increase the frequency of favourable genes. IPU-05-13 x Palampur-93 and KUG-216 x Palampur-93 should be utilized in future breeding programmes to develop superior genotypes in urdbean.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETIC STUDIES OFVIGNA MUNGO XV. UMBELLATA DERIVATIVES FOR DISEASE RESISTANCE AND OTHER ECONOMIC TRAITS THROUGH MORPHOMETRIC AND MOLECULAR MARKERS
    (CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishavavidyalaya, Palampur, 2013) RAJEEV; Mittal, Raj Kumar
    The present investigation entitled, “Genetic studies of Vigna mungo x V. umbellata derivatives for disease resistance and other economic traits through morphometric and molecular markers” was undertaken to study nature of variation and association among seed yield and related traits in Vigna mungo x V. umbellata derived advanced lines, to identify the alien chromatin in these derivatives using PCR based markers and to isolate the superior derivatives having disease resistance and/or other desirable attributes. The experimental material consisting of 61 Recombinant Inbred Lines (RILs) (F7 & F8 generations) of Vigna mungo x V. umbellata along with three standard check varieties of black gram namely, PDU-1, UG-218 and Palampur 93 was raised in a-Design with three replications and data was recorded on seed yield per plant and various other morphometric traits, crude protein and reaction to various diseases under natural epiphytotic conditions. Wide genetic diversity among RILs was confirmed by analysis of variance, D2 statistics, polymorphism, AMOVA, Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA), Neighbor-joining tree, Jaccard’s coefficient of similarity and genetic parameters. Novel RAPD and ISSR bands appeared in the RILs indicating the occurrence of genetic changes in the genome of the progenies. Presence of 1400 bp band generated using ISSR 808 primer and gene flow estimates between ricebean and RILs confirmed alien introgression. Pods per plant was found to be the best selection indices for increasing seed yield per plant. Highest indirect effect on seed yield via pod per plant was observed for biological yield per plant, plant height, harvest index and 100-seed weight. Sixteen RILs were found to be superior for seed yield per plant. Seven RILs were found to be resistant for Cercospora leaf spots, 8 RILs highly resistant to anthracnose leaf spots and 1 RIL resistant to powdery mildew. Twenty three lines were found to be significantly superior for crude protein. Palampur 93 x BRS 2 (257-2-L-12-1) followed by Palampur 93 x BRS 2 (257-2-L-2-5), Palampur 93 x Naini (224-2L-5- 3) were found to have significantly higher levels of crude protein accompanied with significantly higher yields.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETIC ANALYSIS FOR SEED YIELD AND OTHER TRAITS WITH MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION FOR DISEASE RESISTANCE IN FLAX, Linum usitatissimum L.
    (CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishavavidyalaya, Palampur, 2011) KIRAN; Sood, V.K.
    The choice of an efficient breeding methodology depends to a large extent on the knowledge of the genetic systems controlling the character to be selected .The objectives of this study were to determine nature of gene action for seed yield, fibre and quality traits,to study the inheritance of diseases and to identify markers linked to the disease(s) in flax. The research was carried out in the Department of Crop Improvement, CSK HPKV, Palampur and Research Stations Kangra and Kukumseri during the years 2007- 08 to 2010- 11 using generation means analysis derived from crosses of TL-11 x Him Alsi-2, Turkey x Binwa and TL-43 x Binwa to transfer disease resistance and quality traits from exotic varieties to the released varieties. Molecular studies were carried out through RAPD to identify molecular markers linked to the wilt resistance. The results obtained in the present investigation with respect to generation mean analysis suggested that both additive and dominance effects were important for most of the traits but dominance was predominant as compared to additive effects. Duplicate type of gene action was observed in the expression of days to 50 per cent flowering ,seed yield/plant, plant height, technical height and fibre traits at Kangra location for TL-11 x Him Alsi-2, these observation implies the use of biparental approach and selection to be delayed to later generation. Complimentary type of gene action was seen for biological yield/plant, seed yield/plant for TL-11 x Him Alsi-2 at Palampur location and implies the use of biparental approach and early generation selection to be followed. Crosses with significant heterosis also showed significant inbreeding depression in F2. A monogenic type of gene action was recorded for the resistance to linseed rust (Melampsora lini) and wilt (Fusarium oxysporium).High fatty acid was found in all the three cross combinations. Studies carried by RAPD for marker identification suggested that the primers were not sufficient for distinguishing bands among the bulks. Hence more number of primers is suggested for this study in future breeding programms. The outcome of the present endeavour suggests the different breeding strategy for crosswise as well as location wise because gene action was different in two locations i.e Palampur and Kangra and three crosses viz., TL-11 x Him Alsi-2,Turkey x Binwa and TL-43 x Binwa. TL-11 x Him Alsi-2 was the best cross because of high yield, quality and disease resistance among the three crosses studied and thus could be utilized in future breeding programme.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETIC ANALYSIS OF SEED YIELD AND OTHER ATTRIBUTES IN LENTIL (Lens culinaris Medik.)
    (CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishavavidyalaya, Palampur, 2009) KUMAR, NARESH; Sood, B. C.
    The present investigation entitled “Genetic analysis of seed yield and other attributes in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.)” was undertaken to gather information on the nature and magnitude of gene action, combining ability and heterosis for important qualitative and quantitative traits, using triple test cross and line x tester analysis. The experimental material comprised of 15 inbred lines and three testers namely, Vipasa (L1), PL-406(L2) and F1 of Vipasa x PL-406(L3). The testers (Vipasa and PL-406) used in the present study were 73.6 % genetically diverse as observed by RAPDs and ISSRs markers. The analysis of variance revealed the presence of sufficient genetic variability in the material for exploitation through recombinant breeding. Additive type of gene action was preponderant for plant height, biological yield per plant, harvest index, protein content and tryptophan content, whereas non-additive type of gene action was preponderant for days to 50% flowering, fertile nodes per plant, pods per plant, seed yield per plant and 100-seed weight. The preponderance of additive gene action indicates that early generation selection by using pedigree method will be useful for the improvement of these traits. However, the preponderance of dominance variance indicates that selection should be deferred to later generations by using bulk or bulk-pedigree method of breeding. Combining ability studies revealed that the lines L-658, L-666, L-407, L-354 and PL-406 were good general combiners for seed yield and most of its component traits, whereas L-617, L-737, L-635, L-412 were good general combiners for seed yield and quality components and L-649 was good general combiner for earliness. Among specific cross combinations Vipasa x L-412, PL-406 x L-617, Vipasa x L-620, PL-406 x L-651, PL-406 x L-630, Vipasa x L-649, PL-406 x L-635 for seed yield and most of its component traits were outstanding having high sca effects. The cross combinations Vipasa x L-652, Vipasa x L-737 and PL-406 x L-407 showed high sca for protein content and days to 50 % flowering. Based on the comparison made in the light of per se performance, sca effects and standard heterosis, the cross combination PL-406 x L-649 was best for days to 50% flowering; PL-406x L-651 being best for pods per plant; Vipasa x L-652 and PL-406 x L-354 was found to be best for protein content. The promising cross combinations, PL-406 x L-649 can be exploited to develop early maturing genotypes and PL-406 x L-651 could be exploited to develop high yielding cultivar in lentil whereas, Vipasa x L-652, PL-406 x L-354 can be exploited for the improvement of quality traits in lentil and Vipasa x L-658, Vipasa x L-642, Vipasa x L-737 for polyphenol oxidase activity. The early flowering genotype identified in the present study may be exploited for the development of drought tolerant genotype in future.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENE ACTION FOR AGROMORPHOLOGICAL AND QUALITY TRAITS IN LINSEED (Linum usitatissimum L.)
    (DEPARTMENT OF CROP IMPROVEMENT, 2015-08-14) KUMARI, ARPNA; Paul, Satish
    ABSTRACT Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is an annual, self-pollinat¬ing, diploid (2n = 2x = 30) crop belonging to the Linaceae family with a genome size of ~ 370 Mb. Gene action for seed yield and its component traits in linseed were studied using triple test cross and line × tester analysis. The main objective was to determine the nature and magnitude of genic effects for different biometrical traits under variable environments that could support further improvements of linseed productivity using appropriate breeding methodology. The epistatic component of genetic variation detected in the present studies in the inheritance of all the yield and yield contributing traits except for plant height, technical height at Palampur (E1) and seeds per capsule in all the environments (E1, E2 and E3). Mean squares due to sums (which indicate additive component) were highly significant for all characters studied except for seeds per capsule in all the environments (E1, E2 and E3). The mean squares due to differences (which indicate dominance component) were also significant for all characters studied except for technical height at Palampur (E1) and days to 75 per cent maturity and seeds per capsule in all the environments (E1, E2 and E3). The directional element (F) was non-significant (ambidirectional) for all the traits for which dominance component was significant in all the environments (E1, E2 and E3) suggesting that the alleles with increasing and decreasing effects appear to be dominant and recessive to the same extent. Comparison of the two approaches has revealed that, in general the presence of dominance genetic variance alone with respect to seeds per capsule and additive genetic variance with respect to days to 75 per cent maturity in all the environments (E1, E2 and E3) has been revealed by both triple test cross and line × tester analysis. The parents Giza-7, Jeewan and Bhagsu were found to be the good general combiners for seed yield per plant and component traits at Palampur (E1) and pooled over the environments (E3). Further, evaluation of crosses based on combination of heterosis and SCA parameters would be more meaningful than on individual parameters. The common crosses based on both high heterotic response as well as high SCA effect in relation to GCA effects were Giza-7 × Surbhi, Lauro × Belinka-60 and KL-236 × Belinka-60 for seed yield, Giza-7 × Surbhi and Lauro × Belinka-60 for fibre yield and Chambal × Belinka-60, Jeewan × Surbhi and T-397 × Belinka-60 for oil content in pooled over the environments (E3). Two genotypes Nagarkot, and Jeewan and four crosses Ariane × F1, Giza-8 × Belinka-60, KL-244 × Belinka-60 and Nagarkot × Belinka-60 were found to be resistant to powdery mildew, rust and fusarium wilt diseases. The F2 population of the crosses between resistant and susceptible parents segregated in a ratio of 3R:1S, indicating the presence of a single dominant gene for resistance to powdery mildew in Nagarkot, Janaki and Jeewan. Information of genetic diversity and the relationship among different genotypes of linseed is of great importance for plant breeding and genetic resource management. Molecular analysis of 28 genotypes of linseed was carried out to determine the genetic relationship among them. The results suggest that primers used in this study were informative and 16 RAPD and 11 ISSR primers generated 4.5 and 5.27 fragments on an average. ISSR data revealed somewhat more clear relationships between studied genotypes and found more useful than RAPD marker data as besides more number of fragments, RAPD was unable to detect clear relationships between the genotypes. Thus ISSR markers were more informative than RAPD markers in revealing clear cut relationships of the genotypes. The results of present study indicate that the collection of 28 genotypes assessed here is having high diversity and also revealed the broad genetic base of analyzed genotypes.