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Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Agriculture University, Palampur
Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya (renamed as Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in June, 2001) was established on 1st November, 1978.The College of Agriculture (established in May, 1966) formed the nucleus of the new farm University. It is ICAR accredited and ISO 9001:2015 certified institution. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research has ranked this University at eleventh place among all farm universities of the country.
The University has been given the mandate for making provision for imparting education in agriculture and other allied branches of learning, furthering the advancement of learning and prosecution of research and undertaking extension of such sciences, especially to the rural people of Himachal Pradesh.
Over the years, this University has contributed significantly in transforming the farm scenario of Himachal Pradesh. It has developed human resources, varieties and technologies and transferred these to farming community enabling the State to receive the “Krishikarman award” of Govt. of India four times in row for food grain production among small states of the country. Today, the State has earned its name for hill agricultural diversification and the farming community has imposed its faith in the University.
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ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON GENE ACTION FOR SEED YIELD AND ITS RELATED TRAITS IN URDBEAN [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper](CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2018-09-18) Patial, Ranjana; Mittal, R.K.The present investigation entitled “Studies on gene action for seed yield and its related traits in urdbean [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]” was carried out at the Experimental Farm of the Department of Crop Improvement, CSK HPKV, Palampur to gather information on genetic architecture for seed yield and component traits in urdbean. The experimental material comprised of 81 triple test cross progenies developed by mating 27 lines with three testers viz., HPBU-111 (L1), Him Mash-1(L2) and F1 of HPBU-111and Him Mash-1 (L3). These F1’s along with their parents were raised in randomized block design with three replications during Kharif 2017. Data were recorded and analysed for 12 agro-morphological traits. Sufficient variability was observed in the TTC progenies for all the traits studied. Epistasis was found to be an integral part of genetic variation for all of the traits under study. ‘i’ type epistatic interaction estimates were significant for days to 50% flowering, days to 75% maturity, branches per plant, pods per plant, seed yield per plant, biological yield per plant, harvest index and 100 seed weight. Whereas, ‘j+l’ type interaction was significant for all the traits. Both additive and dominant components were significant for all the traits; where additive and dominance components were of almost equal magnitude for pod length, seeds per pod and 100 seed weight indicating the importance of both additive and dominance type of gene action and additive component being more pronounced for rest of the traits indicating the relative importance of fixable type of gene action in their inheritance. Combining ability estimates showed significant genetic variance in lines for all traits whereas testers had significant genetic variance for nine traits. Lines IC-436910, IC-413306, IC-IC-398973 and IC-343885 were found to be good general combiners for most of the traits. Crosses IC-343885 x HPBU-111 (G x G), IC-436910 x HPBU-111 (G x G), IC-413306 x Him Mash-1 (G x P) and IC-343943 x HPBU-111(P x G) were potential crosses on the basis of SCA estimates, mid parent heterosis, better parent heterosis and standard heterosis for seed yield and most of the traits. With regards to the Comparison of ТГС and L x T, the former is advantageous in providing an unambiguous test for the presence of epistasis, while the latter provides additional information, particularly with regard to the gca and sca effects and variances, helping breeders in the choice of better parents. Hence, both these designs should be applied together in order to have concrete information about the genetic architecture of economic traits in any crop.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON GENE ACTION FOR AGRO-MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS AND FACTORS AFFECTING HAPLOID PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY FOLLOWING CHROMOSOMAL ELIMINATION TECHNIQUE IN OAT (Avena sativa L.)(CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2018-05-26) Singh, Sanjeet; Sood, V.K.The present investigation entitled “Studies on gene action for agro-morphological traits and factors affecting haploid production efficiency following chromosomal elimination technique in oat (Avena sativa L.)” was carried out at the Forage Section and Experimental Farm of the Department of Crop Improvement, CSK HPKV, Palampur to gather information on genetic architecture for forage yield and component traits and to generate euhaploid embryos following wide hybridization in oat. The experimental material comprised of 45 triple test-cross progenies derived by mating 15 lines and three testers viz., PLP 1(L1), HJ 8 (L2) and their F1 (L3) for gene action studies and eight genotypes for wide hybridisation in an attempt to obtain haploid embryos. The genetic material was evaluated for 13 agro-morphological traits in a randomised complete block design with three replications during rabi 2016-17. Sufficient variability was observed in the TTC progenies for all the traits studied. Epistasis was found to be integral part of genetic variation for all the traits. „i‟ type epistatic interaction estimates were significant for seven traits and „j+l‟ type interaction was significant for all the traits, although the magnitude of „i‟ type interaction was higher for days to 50% flowering, days to 75% maturity, plant height and protein content. Both additive and dominant components were significant for all the traits except for protein content, with additive component being more pronounced indicating the relative importance of fixable type of gene action in their inheritance. Comparison of the D and H components revealed that both were underestimated in line × tester approach, with the underestimation being comparatively more with respect to additive genetic variance (-99.31% to -100%) to dominance genetic variance (-72.19% to -96.39%). Combining ability estimates showed significant genetic variance in lines for all traits whereas testers had significant genetic variance for six traits. Lines RO 19, IG 03 205 and EC 528865 were overall good general combiner for most of the traits and potential parent sources for recombination breeding. SCA estimates showed cross-combinations viz., HFO 114 × PLP 1 (A × A), HFO 114 × HJ 8 (A × A), OS 6 × PLP 1 (P × G) and JPO 46 × HJ 8 (G × P) having highest values for green fodder yield per plant, harvest index and seed yield per plant. HFO 114 × HJ 8 (G × G) showed highest estimates for both SCA and standard heterosis for seed yield per plant, green fodder yield per plant and harvest index and IG 03 205 × PLP 1 (G × G) for protein content. For haploidy induction the natural temperature and photoperiod regime were found to be non-conducive for induction of haploid embryos in this experiment. Direct application of phytohormone combination of 2,4-D + GA3 with concentrations of 50 ppm each to the pistil of the top five florets gave highest percentage of caryopsis. The genotype of the pollen parent and the seed parent did not have any significant impact on the caryopsis development.ThesisItem Open Access HETEROTIC GROUPING OF QPM INBRED LINES AND QUALITY PROFILING BASED ON GENETIC AND MOLECULAR MARKERS(CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2018-09-20) Thakur, Naresh; Lata, SwaranThe present investigation entitled “Heterotic grouping of QPM inbred lines and quality profiling based on genetic and molecular markers” was undertaken to study combining ability effects for yield and quality traits, understand the heterotic pattern and estimate the genetic relationship and diversity among QPM inbreds using molecular markers in quality protein maize. Ten QPM inbred lines were hybridized following Griffing‟s Method 2, Model 1 in a half diallel fashion. Experimental materials comprising of ten inbred lines, forty five single cross experimental hybrids, three hybrids along with two standard checks were evaluated in α-RBD with two replications during kharif 2016 (E1) and 2017 (E2) at Palampur (L1) and Akrot (L2). The analysis of variances indicated significant differences among genotypes for grain yield per plant and other component traits in all the environments. Also, significant differences for environment (E) and lines × environment interaction for most of the traits except cob girth indicated a definite role of environment on the performance of genotypes/crosses. Variances due to GCA, SCA and their interaction with environment were significant for most of the traits under Palampur and Akrot conditions, indicating the importance of testing parents as well as hybrids across environments. On the basis of per se performance, heterosis and combining ability for grain yield per plant and other component traits, the cross combination P1 × P7 at both the locations was found best, whereas P3 × P8 and P1 × P4 under Palampur conditions were found best. Parent P1 and P5 were the most promising general combiners for grain yield per plant and most of the yield component traits at both locations. For most of the traits, there was preponderance of non-additive gene action which reaffirms the importance of heterosis in maize. At molecular level, 28 SSR primers amplified 97 polymorphic alleles with an average of 3.46 alleles per primer. Size of amplified alleles ranged from 50 to 480 bp. Mean polymorphic information content was 0.28 showing low level of SSR polymorphism as the present investigation involved few closely related cultivars. Cluster analysis based on SSR data differentiated 48 maize genotypes into two major clusters. Assigning inbreds into different heterotic groups is fundamental for exploitation of heterosis for hybrid development. Heterotic grouping based on morphological trait and molecular markers grouped ten QPM inbred lines in to four heterotic groups. Results indicated that SSR markers effectively and efficiently assigned the inbred lines to heterotic groups for grain yield. This will help to establish maize inbred lines for the purpose of reducing the number of single crosses and their evaluation using the lines from the different heterotic groups. Overall, cross combination P1 × P7 with high heterosis and per se performance for yield was better than that of best check for grain yield per plant, and was found moderately resistant to banded leaf and sheath blight (BLSB), turcicum leaf blight (TLB) and maydis leaf blight (MLB) over the environments and can be further exploited.