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Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Agriculture University, Palampur

Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya (renamed as Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in June, 2001) was established on 1st November, 1978.The College of Agriculture (established in May, 1966) formed the nucleus of the new farm University. It is ICAR accredited and ISO 9001:2015 certified institution. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research has ranked this University at eleventh place among all farm universities of the country. The University has been given the mandate for making provision for imparting education in agriculture and other allied branches of learning, furthering the advancement of learning and prosecution of research and undertaking extension of such sciences, especially to the rural people of Himachal Pradesh. Over the years, this University has contributed significantly in transforming the farm scenario of Himachal Pradesh. It has developed human resources, varieties and technologies and transferred these to farming community enabling the State to receive the “Krishikarman award” of Govt. of India four times in row for food grain production among small states of the country. Today, the State has earned its name for hill agricultural diversification and the farming community has imposed its faith in the University.

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2016 - 20195
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Subject: Agricultural Biotechnology × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2015 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Identification of QTLs linked to early maturity and yield-related traits in horsegram (Macrotyloma uniflorum).
    (CSK HPKV, Palampur, 2019-07-23) Katoch, Megha; Chahota, R.K.
    Macrotyloma uniflorum is an important, self pollinated diploid (2n=2x=20) food legume with probable genome size of 400Mbps. Limited genomic resources and lack of genetic variation are major constrains in its genetic improvement. Further, horsegram production is hampered due to twining growth habit, longer days to maturity, photosensitivity and indeterminate growth habit. The present study was aimed to construct linkage map of an intraspecific F8 RILs population of 162 individuals derived from HPKM249×HPK4 of horsegram and identification of genomic regions linked to early maturity and yield related traits. Two thousand and eleven molecular markers were screened for parental polymorphism and 493 (25.42 %) were found to be polymorphic among the parents. Of these, 295 were mapped on ten linkage groups at LOD 3.5 spanning 1541.7 cM with an average marker density of 5.20 cM. Analysis of variance of 162 RILs revealed significant differences for all the measured traits. Phenotypic data from the RILs were used to identify QTLs for early maturity and yield related traits by composite interval mapping (CIM). A total of 27 QTLs (LOD ≥ 2.5) were detected across the three environments (Palampur 2016, Palampur 2017, Bajaura 2017) and combined data) for 24 traits. Among these, 15 were major QTLs with PVE greater than ten per cent and five were stable QTLs across locations and years. Phenotypic variation explained (PVE) by QTLs ranged from 6.4 to 53.4 per cent. The highest phenotypic variation (53.4 %) was explained by the QTLs for root length. In conclusion, it is envisaged that the present linkage map, fortified with 295 SSR markers and 27 QTLs for early maturity and yield-related traits would provide genomics tools to breeders for further genetic enhancement of this crop species. Thus, the current study will serve as a strong foundation for further validation and fine mapping of QTLs for utilization in horsegram breeding programs.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETICS AND MAPPING RESISTANCE GENE(S) F INBRED LINE DERIVATI RESISTANT GENOTYPE CHAUDHARY SARWAN KUMAR HIMACHAL PRADESH KRISHI VISHVAVIDYALAYA PALAMPUR Partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (DEPARTMENT OF (AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY) OF NECK BLAST FROM RIL4 - A RECOMBINANT DERIVATIVE OF THE BROAD SPECTRUM ‘Tetep’
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2019-01-02) Kalia, Sonika; Rathour, Rajeev
    Rice blast, caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the most destructive diseases worldwide. Compared with leaf blast resistance, our understanding of panicle blast resistance is limited. In this study, we have identified, genetically mapped and physically delimited the chromosomal location of a new neck blast resistance gene from a broad spectrum resistant genotype ‘RIL4’. The segregation analysis of F2 and F2:3 progenies of cross HPU2216 and RIL4, indicated that the neck blast resistance in RIL4 is controlled by a single dominant gene. The new gene was tentatively designated as ‘Pb2’. Based on the linkage analysis of 542 individual susceptible plants, the resistance gene Pb2 was fine mapped to a 1.2 cM region flanked by RM3246 at 0.9 cM on telomeric side and RRS19 at 0.3 cM on the centromeric side of rice chromosome 12. By aligning the sequences of flanking markers on the reference sequence of cv. Nipponbare, a ~6.19 Mb region extending from position 9095272 to 15287816 b near the centromere of rice chromosome 12 was delineated as the region of neck blast resistance locus. The gene Pb2 was inferred to be embedded in recombination suppressed region as the average physical/genetic (P/G) distance ratio in this region was ~20- fold higher than the average P/G ratio of 260-280Kb/cM reported for the rice genome. A total of 334 predicted genes were identified in Pb2 region by surveying the equivalent genomic region of cv. Nipponbare in Rice Annotation Project database (RAP-db) (http://rapdbbeta.dna.affrc.go.jp). Five putatively expressed NBS–LRR genes were identified in the target region by surveying the equivalent genomic region of Nipponbare and four of these, NBS-LRR genes Os12g0270300, Os12g0273300, Os12g0281600 and Os12g0438300 were short-listed as a potential candidate for the resistance gene Pb2. The neck blast resistance gene ‘Pb2’ is a novel gene and displays distinct resistance spectrum compared to genes Pita, Pita2 and Pitr, previously identified from the syntenic region of donor genotype Tetep. The ‘Pb2’ linked markers identified during this study can be exploited in markerassisted breeding programmes for its speedy and precise mobilization into blast susceptible varieties.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MARKER ASSISTED AND DOUBLED HAPLOIDY BREEDING FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF BLAST AND BACTERIAL BLIGHT RESISTANT RICE PYRAMID LINES
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2018-07-24) Chauhan, Ruchi; Kapila, R.K.
    Rice (Oryza sativa L.) serves as a major carbohydrate source for nearly half of the world’s population and provides livelihood to the people of Asia. Rice blast caused by Magnaporthe grisea and bacterial leaf blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzaeare the two major diseases affecting rice productivity in north-western Himalayan region of India. Biotechnological tools like anther culture and molecular marker technology hold a great role as a catalyst in accelerating the pace of blast and bacterial blight resistance breeding. In order to pyramid 2 blast (Pi9 and Pita) and 2 bacterial blight (Xa21 and Xa38) resistance genes in a popular rice variety ‘HPR2143’, foreground selection was done to identify single gene positive BC2F2 homozygous progenies of 4 crosses, viz. HPR2143/PB1 (Pi9), HPR2143/DHMAS164 (Pita), HPR2143/IRBB54 (Xa21) and HPR 2143/PR114 (Xa38) using gene derived markers. The foreground selection resulted in identification of 5 plants homozygous for the gene Pita, 20 for Pi9, 12 for Xa21 and 6 for Xa38.In order to pyramid two genes each against rice blast, progenies positive for gene Pita were crossed reciprocally with progenies positive for the gene, Pi9. Likewise, the homozygous positive plants for genes, Xa21 and Xa38 were crossed reciprocally to produce F1s. Overall crossability among the selected derivatives over both cross combinations (Pita × Pi9) and (Xa21 × Xa38) was recorded to be 38.61%. Anther culture of developed F1s was attempted for fixation of genes. For cross (Pita + Pi9 and reciprocals), overall callus induction and regeneration frequency of 9.2% and 6.5%, respectively was recorded. The frequency of green plantlet regeneration recorded was 29.9% thereby resulting in an overall anther culture efficiency of 0.18% from a total of 22562 anthers cultured. For cross 2 (Xa21× Xa38 and reciprocals), observed callus induction and regeneration frequency was 9.08% and 5.7%, respectively. A total of 88 regenerating calli resulted in regeneration of 20 green (22.7%) and 68 albino plants (77.2%) with an overall anther culture efficiency of 0.11% in a total of 16894 cultured anthers. Out of 57 plants, 28 were positive for the gene combination, Pita + Pi9 and 15 for Xa21 + Xa28. Field evaluation of 38 generated doubled haploid pyramid (DHP) lines having sufficient seeds revealed presence of significant variation among the lines for all nine traits studied. Based on their performance, promising DHP lines for different economic traits were identified including three best DHP lines, i.e. DHP57, DHP4 and DHP16 performing close to the check, HPR2143 for seed yield/plant. The material generated can be used directly for identification of variety(ies) as well as can further be used as genetic stocks in the future breeding programmes for developing broad spectrum and durable multiple disease resistance against rice blast and bacterial leaf blight diseases
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MOLECULAR MAPPING OF QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI FOR DROUGHT TOLERANCE AND YIELD TRAITS IN LENTIL
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2016-07-22) Rana, Maneet; Sharma, T.R.
    ABSTRACT Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik subsp. culinaris) is an autogamous diploid (2n=2x=14), cool season food legume crop cultivated globally. Genomic resources in lentil are limited in comparison to other food legumes, primarily due to large genome size and lack of genetic variation. Further, lentil production is hampered due to various biotic and abiotic stresses worldwide. Among abiotic stresses, drought is one the major production constraints causing up to 70 per cent yield losses in lentil. In order to dissect the complex nature of drought tolerance and to use genomics tools for enhancing yield of lentil under drought stress conditions, intraspecific RIL mapping population (L830 x Precoz) segregating for drought tolerance and yield related traits was used. Twelve hundred and twenty-nine SSR markers (including previously published anchor markers) were screened for parental polymorphism and 293 (23.84 %) were found to be polymorphic among the parents. Of these, 291 were mapped on seven linkage groups at LOD 4.0 spanning 1199.0 cM with an average marker density of 4.8 cM. The study reported assigning of 46 new SSRs on the linkage map. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences for all the 27 measured traits between the drought tolerant ‘L830’ and the susceptible cultivar ‘Precoz’. The ANOVA of 126 RILs revealed significant differences for almost all the traits except RFW, RDW, CAR and CHL evaluated under the drought stress conditions. Significant effect of environment was also observed for all the traits measured, except DTF, RP, DTM and SS. Phenotypic data from the RILs were used to identify QTLs for drought tolerance and yield traits by composite interval mapping (CIM). A total of 75 QTLs (LOD ≥ 2.5) were detected across the three environments (control, drought stress and cylinder culture) and QTLs were detected across all the linkage groups. Among these, 13 were stable across locations/environments, 12 were found to be consistent across the seasons and 27 were drought specific. Phenotypic variation explained (PVE) by QTLs ranged from 5.4 to 45.9 per cent. The highest phenotypic variation (45.9 %) was explained by the QTLs for 100-seed weight. In conclusion, it is envisaged that the present linkage map, fortified with 291 SSR markers and 75 QTLs for drought tolerance and yield-related traits would provide genomics tools to breeders for further genetic enhancement of this crop species. Thus, the current study would serve as a strong foundation for further validation and fine mapping of QTLs for utilization in lentil breeding programs.