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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar

Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.

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2020114
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End date: 2020 × Start date: 2020 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of biomordants on dyeability of cotton fabric with natural dye
    (CCS HAU, Hisar, 2020-07) Neeta; Arya, Nisha
    Increasing concern about environmental pollution in all sphere of life has raised grave concern and heated debates around the world about the concept of ecology and environment. In the present time, commercially viable alternative methods for preparing and finishing cotton substrates based on the use of biomordants have emerged. Keeping in view the current scenario of environmental consciousness, the present study has been planned to assess the effect of biomordant on dyeing efficacy of cotton with natural dye substituting metal based mordant and salts. Standardization of biomordanting process for two biomordants i.e. harad and heena was done on the basis of dye absorption, colour strength and wash fastness rating for different concentrations and treatment conditions. The desized and scoured fabric were pre-treated with selected two biomordants and dyed with selected natural dye. Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) analysis of biomordanted fabric samples. SEM analysis demonstrated plain surface of biomordant treated sample. The colour coordinates, colour strength and colour fastness of the biomordant treated dyed samples were assessed. Various mechanical, performance and functional properties of the biomordant treated dyed fabric were also tested. Comparative analysis was also done between scoured fabric treated with biomordants and dyed with natural dye. The parameter optimized for biomordanting process of scoured fabric were pre mordanting stage with 5 and 10 per cent concentration, 1:30 M: L Ratio, 6 and 4 pH, 60° and 80°C treatment temperature and 60 and 45 minutes treatment time for heena and harad, respectively. Both the biomordant treated dyed samples exhibited good (4) to very good (4/5) colour fastness properties. The results revealed that among both the biomordants treated dyed fabrics, heena treated dyed fabric showed maximum increase in bending length (2.39 cm) and heena treated dyed sample showed highest increase in elongation (29.68%), crease recovery angle (113 degree), moisture regain (10 %) and wickability (3.86cm). The heena treated and Babool bark dyed fabric showed the highest UPF value (56.89) indicating excellent protection category while in harad treated dyed fabric UPF value was (48.76). The biomordants treated dyed fabrics showed bacterial resistance against E. coli (93.35%) and S. aureus (88.07%). Thus, it is concluded that biomordants treatment enhanced the dyeing efficacy of the cotton fabric with better colour fastness properties. The biomordant treatment and Babool bark dye improved the mechanical and performance properties of cotton fabric with very good to excellent protection from UV radiation and bacterial attack. Hence, the biomordants are suitable replacement materials for cotton fabric in textile wet processing due to their positive response towards environment and no harmful effect on fabric properties.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Development of an efficient protocol for micropropagation of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.)
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2020-07) Swati Rani; Upendra Kumar
    Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) is the most important fruit worldwide. Micropropagation is mainly for the clonal multiplication.Strawberry cvs. Grenada and Petaluma were micropropagated for rapid shoot and root multiplication. Meristematic part and leaf primordia is source of explants. Foe the sterilization process, the explants were dipped in two to three drops of Tween 20 per 100 ml for 10 minutes with distilled water, 0.5% Bavisitin & Streptocycline for 30 mintues with antimicrobial supplement and 0.1% HgCL2 for 2 minutes gave the maximum aseptic cultures. After the surface sterilization of meristemetic part of plants 3-5 mm long was used as a explant. Multiplication stage results indicate that highest auxiliary buds were observed when MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l and 1.5 mg/l BAP in Petaluma and Grenada. At rooting stage, it was clear visually that MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l of BAP with 1.5 mg/l of IBA in both the cultivars gave the best results of enhanced number roots with higher length and number shoots with higher length per explants. The best result for root multiplication indicating the use of IBA with ( 1.0, 1.5 mg/l) concentration as compared to other treatments.The highest response for the shoot multiplication was obtained with MS containing 1.5 mg/l and 1.0 mg/l BAP respectively. The present research is very useful in commercializing the new cultivars of strawberry into north Indian conditions which gives higher yield of fruits.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    In silico identification and physical mapping of gene(s) responsible for β-glucan in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum. L)
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2020-07) Dhamija, Aryan; Upendra Kumar
    Dietary fibers from plant cell wall are an essential component of healthy foods. Higher intake of dietary fiber reduces the risk of diet related chronic disease like type 2 diabetes, obesity and also improves gastrointestinal health. In human diets, cereal fiber is the largest contributor to total dietary fiber consumption. The soluble dietary fiber (1-3) (1-4) mixed linked β-D-glucan from cereal grains is a valuable component of a healthy diet. In the present investigation, the gene responsible for β-glucan in hexploid wheat was identified using both in silico and molecular methods.The in silico analysis confirmed that CslF6 gene in wheat was located on the chromosome 7A. Sequence similarity search was conducted between HvCslF6 and wheat survey sequences displayed a similarity of 96% with chromosome 7A. The structure of this gene had 3 exons and codes for a protein of 945 amino acids. Homology modeling of putative CslF6 protein was described as Probable cellulose synthase A catalytic subunit 8.Different cytogenetic stocks of Chinese spring revealed that CslF6 gene was located on centromeric region of 7AL (FL=0.29). Identified CslF6 in wheat can be utilized to make β-glucan efficient wheat and can be used in biofortification program.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of Zinc sulphate on fruit drop, yield and quality of Kinnow mandarin
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2020-09-28) Ayoub, Mohammad; Rana, G.S.
    The study entitled “Effect of zinc sulphat on fruit drop, yield and quality of Kinnow mandarin” was conducted on nine years old ear marked plants at Experimental Orchard in Post-harvest Technology Laboratory of the Department of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during the year 2019-20 to study the effect of Zinc sulphate on fruit drop, yield and quality of Kinnow mandarin. The experiment comprised of three levels soil application of Zinc sulphate (50,100,150 g per plant) and foliar application various concentration of Zinc sulphate( 0.5and 0.75%) and urea(1and1.5%). There experiment was conducted in randomized block design. The results of the experiment indicate that the foliar application of Zinc sulphate and Urea had a considerably affected most of the recorded parameters. Soil application of 150 g Zinc sulphate followed by the foliar spray of the 0.5 per cent of Zinc sulphate along with 1 per cent urea resulted into maximum fruit retention (53%), number of fruits per plant (533.87), size of fruits [fruit length (6.04 cm) and diameter (7.10 cm), average fruit weight (165 g), fruit yield per plant (83.87 kg), juice content (44.45%), total soluble solids (9.80%) and TSS to acid ratio (12.09 ) in Kinnow mandarin plants. The same treatment successfully resulted in minimum June (39.08%) and pre-harvest fruit drop (11.7%), acidity (0.81%), rag (31.89%) and peel content (22.69%) and peel thickness (2.83 mm).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    To evaluate the compatibility and efficacy of post-emergence herbicidal combinations tank mixed with zinc and iron sulphate against weeds in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2020-07) Jitender; Amarjeet
    Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the major cereal food crops of the world. Weeds are one of major biotic factors affecting wheat production significantly and now a days, micronutrients deficiency is also being observed in mostly wheat growing areas. Very less information is available regarding compatibility of herbicides with micronutrients. Field experiment was conducted at RRS, Bawal during Rabiseason of 2018-19 to evaluate the compatibility of post-emergence herbicidal combinations with Zn or/and Fe. Experiment consisted of 18 treatments replicated thrice, was laid outin Randomized Block Design. Four herbicidal combinations viz. clodinafop + metsulfuron@ 60 g/ha, sulfosulfuron + metsulfuron @ 32g/ha, mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron @ 14.4 g/ha, pinoxaden + carfentrazone @ (50 + 20g/ha) were evaluated for compatibility with Zn {ZnSO4(0.5%) + urea (2.5%)}, Fe {FeSO4 (0.5%)} and with both Zn as well as Fe {ZnSO4 (0.5 %) + urea (2.5 %) + FeSO4 (0.5 %)}. The results of experiment revealed that all four herbicidal combinations studied were found compatible with Zn and Fe as well. Tank mixing of herbicidal combinations with Zn or Fe exhibited a bit improvement in growth and yield of wheat. While, tank mixing of both Zn and Fe with herbicidal combinations showed significant increase in growth parameters and subsequently grain as well as biological yield of wheat as compared to sole application of respective herbicidal combination. Among all the treatments, application of mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron (14.4 g/ha) + ZnSO4 (0.5%) + urea (2.5%) + FeSO4 (0.5%) was observed as most productive with highest grain yield (5655 kg/ha) and profitable with highest net returns (Rs. 60973/ha) and B:C (1.88).Satisfactory weed control was observed with all the treatments of herbicidal combinations Tank mixing of Zn and Fe improved the efficacy of herbicidal combinations by improving competitive ability of wheat through better growth resulting into higher weed control efficiency. The uncontrolled weeds caused 34 per cent loss in grain yield.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of nitrogen levels under different spacing on coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2020) Chaman; Malik, T.P.
    The present study entitled, “Effect of nitrogen levels under different spacing on coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)” was conducted during the Rabi 2019-20 at research farm, Department of Vegetable Science, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. The nitrogen doses and different row to row spacing plays important role in growth, yield and quality of coriander crop. In the present investigation four nitrogen levels (0, 25, 50 and 75 kg ha-1) and three different row to row spacing (20 x 15 cm, 30 x 15 cm and 40 x 15 cm) were taken into consideration. The nitrogen was applied in two split doses i.e. 50 per cent at sowing and remaining dose at 40 days after sowing (DAS). Vegetative growth parameters i.e. days to emergence, plant height, primary branches and secondary branches (45, 60, 90 DAS and at harvest), yield and yield attributes were recorded. The quality parameters i.e. test weight, electrical conductivity, standard germination and vigour indices were also recorded in in-vitro condition after harvesting. It was observed that nitrogen dose at 75 kg ha- 1 and row to row spacing 40 x 15 cm was well suited for vegetative growth except plant height that was best in 20 x 15 cm spacing. The seed yield (2119 kg ha-1) and other yield attributes were found highest at 75 kg N ha-1 with spacing 40 x 15 cm and lowest in control. The quality parameters were recorded highest with 75 kg N ha-1 and spacing 40 x 15 cm and the highest cost of cultivation (Rs. 48445 ha-1) was occurred in coriander sown at higher nitrogen levels under different spacing. Among different treatments, highest gross returns of Rs. 158925 ha-1 and highest net returns of Rs. 110480 ha-1 were obtained at 75 kg N ha-1 with 40 x 15 cm. While comparing the, benefit cost ratios, highest B: C (2.29) was recorded at 50 kg N ha-1 with 30 x 15 cm.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Development and nutritional evaluation of weaning foods based on processed biofortified pearl millet
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2020-01) Mwanamvua Zuberi; Sangwan, Veenu
    The present study delineates information pertaining to development and nutritional evaluation of weaning food from processed (malted and roasted) biofortified pearl millet (HBB 299 variety) and chickpea (HC 5) flour. Four types (T1, T2, T3 and T4) of weaning foods with different proportions of ingredients were formulated. Commercially available cereal based weaning food was taken as control. T2 was the most acceptable weaning food as it possessed higher overall acceptability mean score than other formulations. Nutritional composition revealed that the content of moisture, crude protein, fat, ash, crude fibre and carbohydrate of control was 3.62, 12.17, 7.86, 1.27, 1.43 and 73.65 per cent, respectively. T1 contained 1.73, 17.48, 5.65, 2.99, 1.73 and 70.42 per cent of moisture, crude protein, fat, ash, crude fibre and carbohydrate, respectively. T2 had 2.43 per cent moisture, 15.46 per cent crude protein, 4.43 per cent fat, 3.30 per cent ash, 2.4 per cent crude fibre, 71.98 per cent carbohydrate. T3 contained 1.48, 18.99, 6.73, 2.77, 1.52 and 68.5 per cent, of moisture, crude protein, fat, ash, crude fibre and carbohydrate, respectively. Moisture, fat and carbohydrate content of T1, T2, T3 and T4 were significantly (P≤0.05) lower than that of control, while content of protein, ash and crude fibre of T1, T2, T3 and T4 were significantly higher than that of control. The cost of control was 13 times higher than that of T1 and T3 and 20 times than that of T2 and T4. Shelf life studies indicated that mean scores of all parameters decreased with increasing storage period (0 to 90 days) in both control and T2 weaning mix. The mean score of overall acceptability at 0, 30, 60 and 90 day of storage was 7.6, 7.4, 6.4 and 5.9, respectively for control and 7.8, 7.7, 7.3 and 7, respectively for T2 weaning food and fell in the category of “liked slightly” to “liked moderately”. There was a significant increase in fat acidity and peroxide values of control as well as T2 with increasing storage period from 0 to 90th day. From the present study it may be concluded that organoleptically acceptable weaning flour mixes having good shelf life can be prepared from processed pearl millet and chickpea with addition of skimmed milk powder and that too at much lower cost compared to commercially available weaning foods.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on the effect of growing media on seed germination and seedling growth of ber (Ziziphus mauritiana var. rotundifolia)
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2020-03) Najeebullah; Surender Singh
    A field experiment entitled “Studies on the effect of growing media on seed germination and seedling growth of ber (Ziziphus mauritiana var. rotundifolia)” was conducted during 2018-19 in the nursery at Experimental Orchard of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. The media for the study were garden soil and sand with the different proportion of vermicompost, FYM and cocopeat constituting 16 treatments. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design. The results revealed that growing Media T7 : Garden soil + FYM + VC + CP (3:1:1:1) reduced the number of days for germination (19.33 days) and increased germination percentage (74.60%). and also improved the seedling height, stem girth, intermodal length, number of leaves, leaf area, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root and survival per cent. Media T7 having Garden soil + FYM + VC + CP (3:1:1:1) found better in improving the available N, P, K (165.7, 33.0 and 267.0 kg/ha). The same media also resulted into highest N content in leaves (1.47 %) over all other growing media, in ber seedlings
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Development of biocontrol agent against phytopathogenic fungi of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) crop.
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2020-07) Kapoor, Divya; Rakesh Kumar
    In the present study, seventy-eight bacterial isolates were retrieved from the tomato rhizosphere soil and screened for their antagonistic activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, Alternaria solani and Rhizoctonia solani under in vitro conditions. Thirteen isolates, NAU5, NAU10, NAU13, NAU20, NAU21, NAU23, NAU29, NAU32, NAU36, NAA59, NAA60, KBA43 and KBA44 showed broad inhibition zones against A. solani measuring more than 20 mm. Six isolates, NAU19, NAU20, NAU23, NAU24, NAU27 and NAU30 resulted in broad inhibition zones against F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici measuring 10.1-20 mm. Six isolates, NAU20, NAU30, NAU35, LBV58, NAV66 and NAV73 resulted in broad inhibition zones against R. solani measuring 15.1-25 mm. Among the retrieved 78 isolates, 28% of rhizobacteria produced high amount of IAA and seven isolates, NAU4, NAU5, NAU10, NAU20, NAU28, KBA43 andKBV47 produced maximum IAA. The amount of IAA production by different isolates varied from 3.62μg/ml (NAV69) to 26.96μg/ml (NAU5). Among 78 isolates tested for chitinase assay, two isolates, NAU13 and NAV68 showed maximum activity. Out of 78 isolates, siderophore production was observed in 42% of retrieved bacteria and five isolates, NAU19, KBV45, KBV46, LBV56 and NAV75 produced maximum orange halo zone. HCN was produced by 10% of isolates and highest HCN was observed by 6 isolates, NAU4, NAU6, NAU20, NAU29, NAU41 and NAA59, qualitatively. Seven isolates, NAU5, NAU20, NAU30, NAU35, NAA59, NAV68 and NAV75 were selected and total of 27 treatments were prepared on the basis of antagonistic and plant growth promoting attributes tested in vitro for further evaluating under pot house conditions. Isolate NAU5 showed maximum shoot length, shoot weight, root weight, fruit yield and disease control (100%) against F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopesici. Isolate NAV75 showed maximum shoot length, shoot weight, root weight, fruit yield and disease control (87%) against A. solani. Isolate NAU35 showed maximum shoot length, shoot weight, root weight, fruit yield and disease control (100%) against R. solani. Irrespective of the fungi, isolate NAU5 showed biocontrol activity against all the three phytopathogens. The seven promising isolates showed the PGPR activities in the order NAV75> NAV68> NAA59> NAU5> NAU35> NAU20> NAU30 irrespective of the fungi in pot house studies. The isolates NAU5 against all the three fungi, NAU35 against R. solani and NAV75 against A. solani can be further tested on the tomato fields as potent biocontrol agents. On the basis of biochemical characterization isolate NAU5 was found to belong to Alcaligenes, NAU35 to Bacillus and NAV75 to Burkholderia genus.