Loading...
Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar
Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.
Browse
551 results
Search Results
Now showing 1 - 9 of 551
ThesisItem Open Access Effect of cold storage on some biological characteristics of parasitoid, Aenasius bambawalei Hayat (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae)(CCSHAU, 2014) Rathee, Mandeep; Pala RamThe present studies on cold storage and overwintering of Aenasius bamabawalei were carried out during 2012-13 both in the laboratory as well as in the screen house of the Department of Entomology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar to generate information on effect of cold storage of the parasitoid, A. bambawalei in different stages for different durations at different temperatures on its biological parameters and to evaluate the survival of the parasitoid during winter season. Studies on cold storage of the parasitoid were carried out by storing one-day-old Phenacoccus solenopsis mummies (i.e. in pupal stage) and freshly emerged adults at four storage temperatures i.e. 5, 10, 15 and 20°C for 1 to 8 weeks. It was found that the parasitoid A. bambawalei can be stored in pupal stage (i.e. in the mummies of P. solenopsis) for 1 week at 5°C and for 2 weeks each at 10 and 15°C, respectively, without any significant effect on the key biological parameters like emergence, longevity, fecundity and sex-ratio (F1 progeny). Emergence of the adults occurred within first week during storage at 20°C, hence, this temperature was not suitable for storing the parasitoid in pupal stage. Females took more time to emerge from the mummies stored for different durations at 5, 10 and 15°C as compared to males. The parasitoid adults of A. bambawalei can be stored only for 1 week at 10°C without any significant affect on the key biological parameters like survival, longevity, fecundity and sex-ratio (F1 progeny). The parasitoid A. bambawalei can be stored at low temperatures both in pupal and adult stages. However, it can be stored safely for longer duration in pupal stage as compared to adult stage. Emergence of parasitoid adults from overwintering mummies started from 11th standard week (first week of February), being maximum in 14th standard week (first week of March) and continued until 16th standard week (third week of March) when all the parasitoid adults had emerged. Maximum temperature ranged between 20.3 to 29.6oC and minimum between 6.6 to 12.5°C during the period of adult emergence. Honey fed parasitoid adults i.e. males survived for 52-84 days (69.33 days) and females survived for 69-103 days (83.40 days) during winter season in absence of host, when exposed on 5th December. The results of the present studies may be helpful in mass rearing and conservation of the parasitoid.ThesisItem Open Access Diversity, abundance and pollination efficiency of insect pollinators on seed crop of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck)(CCSHAU, 2014) Suman Devi; OmbirThe present study was conducted at Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana (India). Twenty seven insect species belonging to 14 families under 5 orders were observed visiting the flowers of broccoli. In variety BFT-1, A. dorsata was the most abundant visitor (2.90) followed by A. mellifera (2.30), A. cerana (1.20), A. florea (0.80) and syrphid fly were least frequent visitor (0.20), in variety GH-1 A. mellifera was the most abundant visitor (7.34) followed by A. florea (6.67), A. dorsata (2.15), syrphid fly (1.84) and A. cerana (1.22) and in varieties LPH-1 and DPH-1, A. mellifera was the most abundant visitor (5.96 and 7.00) followed by A. florea (4.46 and 5.50), syrphid fly (2.97 and 3.30), A. dorsata (2.62 and 2.41 ) and A. cerana (1.66 and 2.40). The mean foraging speed, in varieties BFT-1, GH-1, LPH-1 and DPH-1 was maximum in case of A. florea (28.29, 38.54, 37.44 and 36.72, respectively) followed by A. dorsata (5.19, 5.24, 5.24 and 5.20, respectively), A. mellifera (4.54, 4.54, 4.52 and 4.50, respectively ), A. cerana (3.56, 3.51, 3.58 and 3.59, respectively) and syrphid fly (1.90, 2.65, 2.67 and 2.60, respectively). The mean foraging rate in varieties BFT-1, GH-1, LPH-1 and DPH-1 was maximum in case of syrphid fly (14.18, 17.61, 17.42 and 17.33, respectively) followed by A. cerana (10.26, 10.29, 10.27 and 10.32, respectively), A. mellifera (9.27, 10.04, 10.00 and 10.31, respectively), A. dorsata (7.84, 7.88, 7.77 and 7.80, respectively) and A. florea (1.42, 1.71, 1.71 and 1.72, respectively). The average number of broccoli siliqua/plant, siliqua length, number of seeds/siliqua, seed vigour-I, seed vigour-II, test weight and germination per cent under open-pollination were significantly higher than without insect pollination. Number of siliqua/plant, number of seeds/10 siliqua, siliqua length (cm), test weight (g), germination (%) and seed vigour-I, seed vigour-II of uncaged and caged broccoli plants were 3,362.0 and 672.6, 118.75 and 25.85, 6.79 and 3.54, 2.888 and 2.092, 87.50 and 30.25, 1,471.65 and 418.40 and 0.662 and 0.112, respectively.ThesisItem Unknown Biodiesel production from lipid generating microalgae(CCSHAU, 2014) Narula, Amrita; Anand, R.C.In the present scenario, the future of crude oil looks quite bleak as it may lead to all oil resources coming close to a moribund one day. Moreover, consumption of present petroleum sourced fuels at the rocket speed rate has also led to various environmental problems. One of the major concern is global warming. To make a dent in global warming, bioenergy must be generated at a very high speed. Microalgae may be the best option to produce bio-energy at rates high enough to replace a substantial fraction of fossil fuel used by our society. The primary objective of this study was to isolate lipid generating microalgal isolates for biodiesel production. The microalgal water samples were collected from ponds of different locations of eight districts of Haryana including Hisar, Rohtak, Fatehabad, Sirsa, Panipat, Karnal, Ambala and Kurukshetra. The samples were analysed for pH, EC, salinity, turbidity, total nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium. The microalgal samples were enriched in the Bold’s Basal medium and incubated at 23 ±10C, 50-55% humidity with 16:8 hours light: dark photoperiod for 21 days. A total of twenty four microalgal isolates were obtained after purification. Using Nile red staining technique microalgal isolates HMA-2 and FMA-2 were selected for further study and grown in four media of different chemical composition viz., Soil extract, Chu-13, Kuhl and Bold’s Basal medium. The microalgal isolates HMA-2 and FMA-2 produced maximum biomass (0.21 and 0.29g/l ) in Bold’s Basal medium whereas lipid content (29.6 and 25.2%) was maximum in Kuhl medium when grown at 23 ±10C, 50-55% humidity with 16:8 hours light: dark photoperiod for 21 days. Among the inorganic nitrogen sources tested potassium nitrate (original source) resulted in biomass accumulation of 0.12 and 0.19 g/l with 29.4 and 25.2% lipid content in the microalgal isolates HMA-2 and FMA-2 respectively while among organic nitrogen sources, peptone supplementation showed maximum lipid content of 38.2 and 22.1% from 0.04 g/l and 0.10 g/l biomass respectively. Similarly, among the carbon sources, glucose had been found to be a better supplement as it produced biomass of 1.59 and 1.21 g/l with 57.6 and 50.2% lipid content in microalgal isolates HMA-2 and FMA-2 respectively. Lipid and biomass production studies at different pH, temperature and salinity indicated biomass production of 0.14 g/l having 32.6% lipid at pH 8, 0.23g/l biomass having 42.4% lipid at 250C and 0.07g/l biomass containing 61.4% lipid on 20 g/l sodium chloride supplementation in microalgal isolate HMA-2 whereas in isolate FMA-2, 0.13, 0.21 and 0.11g/l biomass containing 26.1, 40.2 and 36.2% lipid was obtained under similar conditions respectively. Transesterification of algal oil of microalgal isolate HMA-2 using NaOH as catalyst and methanol resulted in biodiesel production to the tune of 9%.ThesisItem Open Access Technological gap and training needs of Bt-cotton growers in Haryana(CCSHAU, 2014) Davender Kumar; Hudda, R.S.The present study was conducted in the native state Haryana. Out of 21 disticts, in the state, two districts namely Sirsa and Hisar has largest area and production under Bt-cotton among all the district of Haryana state and contributes about 50 per cent of Bt cotton production in the state. Cotton is soft, staple fiber that grows around the seeds of the cotton plants (Gossypium sp.), a shrub native to tropical and subtropical regions around the world, including the America, India and Africa. All the commercial cotton is Native American species (Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense). The overall technology gap was found to be about 47.50 per cent. Aspect wise of the respondents fall in high level of technology gap. It was high in case of varieties and agronomic practices (52.08 per cent and 45.42 per cent respectively). It was observed from the data that 49.17 high level of sowing methods of the respondents were found to be having high level of manures and fertilizer application 50.83 per cent. It was very much clear from the table that 54.58 per cent of the respondents had high level of technology gap in pest and disease management.as for as picking of cotton was concerned, the most of the respondents 41.25 farmers belong to high technology gap When asked about their interest and needs for various training programme, almost all the farmers showed their interest in obtaining the training for the Bt-cotton growers farmers in different subject matter areas Insects scoutin, (88.75%) Application and use of chemicals (86.66%) Features of Bt-cotton technology (83.75%), Bt-cotton varieties/hybrid (82.50%).ThesisItem Open Access Pollination studies in Egyptian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.)(CCSHAU, 2013) Jat, Manoj Kumar; Chaudhary, O.P.Field experiment entitled “Pollination studies in Egyptian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.)” as conducted at Forage Section, Department of Genetic and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2012 and 2013. The flower of T. Alexandrinum completed their life cycle on an average 173.3±13.3 hours during 2012 and 200.4±2.4 hours during 2013. A total of forty five insect species belonging to 25 families of 6 orders were recorded on the T. alexandrinum flowers. Apis dorsata F. was most abundant floral visitor (4.90/m2/5 min.) followed by A. mellifera (2.69/m2/5 min.) and A. florea 0.30/m2/5 min. during 2012. A. dorsata (3.08/m2/5 min.) was the most abundant species followed by A. mellifera (2.61/m2/5 min.) and Eristalinus spp. During 2013. The maximum amount of dry nectar sugars was produced by fully opened flower at 10.00 h (2.468 mg/flower), 13.00 (2.446) and 16.00 (2.444). The fully opened flowers produced maximum amount of energy 41.05 joules/flower followed by half open flowers (31.80 joules). The overall mean foraging rate was maximum in A. florea and A. mellifera (7.2 and 7.1 flowers/min., respectively) and minimum (5.1) in nectar forager A. dorsata. A. dorsata visited maximum number of flowers/minute while collecting N+P (7.2) followed by P (6.3) and least for nectar (5.1). The mean foraging speed of A. dorsata was maximum (17.9 seconds/flower) followed by A. florea (16.1) and A. mellifera (5.6).The A. mellifera foragers spent least time on T. alexandrinum flowers while foraging for N+P (4.6 second) followed by P (4.9) and N (7.4). Highest number of loose pollen grains were carried on the body of A. dorsata foragers (79,625) followed by A. mellifera (73,250) and A. florea (36,375). The overall mean relative pollination efficiency (RPE) ranking for the forager groups of three honey bee species in descending order were: (N+P) A. dorsata > (P) A. dorsata > (P) A. mellifera > (N+P) A. mellifera > (N) A. dorsata > (N) A. mellifera > (P) A. florea > (N+P) A. florea = (N) A. florea. It was concluded that N+P foragers (16.4 RPE) of A. dorsata were the most efficient pollinators of T. alexandrinum flowers followed closely by pollen forager (13.3 RPE). The seeds setting (%), seed yield, 1000 grains seed weight and per cent germination of T. alexandrinum significantly increased under bee pollination treatments than compared to other treatments. Saturated bee pollination by employing an 8- frame A. mellifera colony resulted in significantly higher yield over lower intensity bee pollination (4 and 2 frame colonies) and open pollination. The utility of T. alexandrinum crop as highly valuable nectar and pollen sources was confirmed for A. mellifera colony development.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of different manures on the hydro-biological parameters, bacterial population and growth performance of Indian major carps(CCSHAU, 2013) Sunita; Gupta, R.K.In the present investigations, the experiment was carried out in 18ft×20 ft sized ponds from Sept., 2011 to Aug., 2012 at the Fish Farm Hatchary of CCSHAU, Hisar. Different organic fertilizers i.e Vermicompost @ 15,000, Vermicompost @ 10,000, cow dung @ 10,000, poultry manure @ 6,000, pig manure @ 4,000 kg/ha/yr and control were used to monitored their effect on water quality parameters, bacterial population and growth performance of Catla catla (as surface feeder), Labeo rohita (as column feedrer) and Cirrhinus mrigala (as bottom feeder). One forth dose of fertilizers were applied 15 days prior to fish stocking and remaining doses given at fortnightly interval. The fry/fingerlings were stocked @ 30 fish per pond in the ratios of 3:4:3 and fed upon supplemented feed given at 2% of their body weight. The water parameters like DO, pH, alkalinity, hardness, temperature, turbidity, free CO2, nitrogen, potassium, phosphorous and planktons were found in optimum range in all treated ponds. The maximum values of dissolved oxygen (5.81 to 8.65 mg/l), turbidity (35.96 to 16.30 cm), phytoplanktons (99 to 5,786 no/l) and zooplanktons (186 to 2,046 no/l) were observed in pond waters treated with vermicompost @ 10,000 kg/ha/yr. While that of pH (5.63 to 5.80), alkalinity (200.00 to 360.62 mg/l), hardness (173.06 to 292.02 mg/l) were found to be maximum in vermicompost @15,000 kg/ha/yr. Free CO2 (1.40 to 3.40 mg/l) and nitrogen (0.990 to 0.170 mg/l) were found to be maximum in the pond waters treated with cowdung @ 10,000 kg/ha/yr. Temperature (26.53 to 34 oC), potassium (3.24 to 23.94 mg/l) and phosphorous (0.72 to 0.199 mg/l) were found to be maximumin in the pond waters treated with poultry manure @ 4,000 kg/ha/yr. The range of water parameters increased significantly (P<0.05) in the pond waters treated with different manures. The bacterial strains isolated in pond waters treated with different manures were 7 gram negative (A. hydrophilla, E. coli, E. aerogens, Shigella sp., K. oxytoca, P. aeruginosa, P. fluorescens) and 3 gram positive (M. luteus, S. aureus and Streptococcus sp.). The average counts of pathogenic heterotrophic bacteria in poultry manure @ 6,000 kg/ha/yr was found to be maximum in decreasing order followed by pig manure @ 4,000kg/ha/yr, cow dung @ 10,000 kg/ha/yr, vermicompost @ 15,000 kg/ha/yr, vermicompost @ 10,000 kg/ha/yr and control, respectively. However, bacteria, E. aerogens, P. fluorescens, P. aeruginosa, Shigella sp., K. oxytoca and Streptococcus sp. were absent in vermicompost @ 10,000 and vermicompost @ 15,000 kg/ha/yr treatments. All the three species gained maximum growth in vermicompost @ 10,000, followed by vermicompost @ 15,000, cow dung @ 10.000, poultry manure @ 6,000 and pig manure @ 4,000 kg/ha/yr, respectively. Among the 3 species L. rohita showed maximum growth followed by C. catla and C. mrigala. There was two times more growth of Indian major carps in pond treated with vermicompost @ 10,000 kg/ha/yr as compared to control.ThesisItem Open Access Molecular breeding for developing grain protein and micronutrient (Iron and Zinc) dense Indian bread wheat genotypes(CCSHAU, 2014) Tomar, Luxmi; Yadav, Neelam R.Marker assisted selection strategy was used to introgress the functional Gpc-B1 allele in Indian wheat varieties (WH711 and PBW343) from Lassik, a hard red spring wheat. Fifty two of the most widely accepted Indian varieties were screened for their GPC and micronutrient (Zinc and Iron) content. A narrow range of variability was observed in GPC (9.3-13.7%), zinc (25.8-54.1mg/kg) and iron (37.5-57.9mg/kg) content. H711 and PBW343 were selected and crossed with Lassik. F2 plants were screened for presence/ absence of functional Gpc-B1 and rust resistance genes Lr37/Yr17/Sr38 and Lr34/Yr18 using allele specific amplification (ASA) markers. Plants from F2 observed, on an average 26.4% increase in GPC, 37.5% in zinc and 64.8 % in iron content. The plants did not show any rust susceptibility under field conditions. F2 plants with minimum reduction in yield were chosen for back-crossing with their respective Indian parent. Plants obtained from subsequent back crosses i.e . BC1F1 and BC1F2, also had better quality attributes than the parents. The GPC increased on an average by 30.2% and twice zinc (90.2%) and iron (52.5%) as compared to the recurrent parent. Hybrid plants also had better agronomical properties and showed resistance to stripe rust under field conditions whereas parental genotypes faced significant yield loses. These plants showed complete rust resistance due to presence of Gpc-B1/Yr36 with the Lr37/Yr17/Sr38 and Lr34/Yr18 loci. This population has all the combined benefits of better nutritional quality, yield and disease resistance and could be used both in MAS as well as for transferring the Gpc-B1in other Indian varieties to minimize the linkage drag. Though introgression of Gpc-B1 was linked with a net reduction in yield, interestingly, some of these plants with functional Gpc-B1 allele had higher TKW than either of the parents emphasizing the extent of influence of GxE interaction could have on Gpc-B1 allele. A consensus between quality and quantity has to be reached while breeding for improving GPC in wheat.ThesisItem Open Access Risk Perception and Capacity Building of Women in Diversified Agriculture for Entrepreneurship(CCSHAU, 2014) Ritu; Yadav, LaliThe study on, “Risk perception and capacity building of women in diversified agriculture for entrepreneurship” was conducted covering 200 randomly drawn respondents from four villages of purposively selected Hisar district of Haryana. Most respondents played active participation, showed information seeking behavior and consulting role in decision making for diversified agricultural activities. Most respondents perceived training needs for dairy at commercial level, taking measures for clean milk production, vermicomposting, food processing and purchase and sale of milch animals. Majority respondents perceived risk in terms of uncertain whether condition, inadequate knowledge and skill of innovative appropriate irrigation technology, rising price of agricultural inputs, problem of middleman and high and varying interest rate. Most respondents were willingly to undertake diversified entrepreneurial agricultural activities, were highly willing to change the existing pattern of farming diversification. Huge majority respondents were willing to pay to undertake specified training with rider to undertake diversified agricultural activities as an entrepreneurial. The perceived entrepreneurial attributes to undertake diversified agricultural activities were creativity, innovativeness, achievement motivation and rationality for dairy, ability to motivate others, self-confidence, skill competence and foresightedness for floriculture, creativity, environmental scanning, change proneness and goal setting skills for vermicomposting, communicability, environmental scanning, skill competence and goal setting skill for food processing, creativity, self-confidence, change proneness and rationality in thinking for medicinal and aromatic plants. Majority scored high on perceived attributes for all the technologies (serrated sickle, coat bag and capron) except sag cutter. Significant knowledge gain on all activities was observed. Significant association was observed for independent and dependent variables.ThesisItem Open Access Synthesis and potential biodynamic behaviour of heterocyclic compounds(CCSHAU, 2012) Yogesh Kumar Singh; Sudhir KumarPyrazoles, indoles, oxazoles, imidazoles, thiazoles and triazoles as heterocyclic compounds with multifarious biological and pharmacological activities through innumerable derivatives deserve further exploration for their use as antimicrobial agent. Therefore, synthesis, characterization and biodynamic behaviour of the new above mentioned heterocyclic compounds have been accomplished. Two series of chalcones were prepared using 2-acetylthiophene and 5-chloro-2-acetylthiophene with substituted benzaldehydes/thiophene-2-carbaldehyde/furan-2-carbaldehyde. These chalcones were further cyclized by sodium acetate and hydroxylamine hydrochloride to 5-(substituted phenyl/thiophen-2-yl/furan-2-yl)-3-(thiophen-2-yl/furan-2-yl)-1,2-oxazoles and 3-(5-chloro thiophen-2-yl)-5-(substituted phenyl/thiophen-2-yl/furan-2-yl)-1,2-oxazoles. The condensation of 2-hydrazinyl-N-(4-phenylthiazol-2-yl)acetamide with two series of chalcones gave the corresponding pyrazoles viz., 2-[5-(substitutedphenyl/thiophen-2-yl/furan-2-yl)-3-(thiophen-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-N-(4-phenylthiazol-2-yl)acetamide and 2-[3-(5-chloro thiophen-2-yl)-5-(substitutedphenyl/thiophen-2-yl/furan-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-N-(4-phenyl thiazol-2-yl)acetamide. The condensation of 5-(1H-indol-2-yl)-N 3 -phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3,4-diamine with substituted benzaldehydes resulted in 5-(1H-indol-2-yl)-[4-(substitutedbenzylidene)amino]-N-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine. Four Mannich bases of benzimidazole were prepared by reaction with paminobenzoic acid and 4-substituted benzaldehydes. The compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR and 1 HNMR spectral data. The synthesized compounds have been evaluated for anti-fungal and anti-bacterial activities against Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum and Eischerchia coli and Xanthomonas axonopodis by food poisoned technique. The structure activity relation (SAR) in the above evaluation studies was also investigated. Some of the compounds exhibited specificity/non-specificity against the tested micro organisms and deserve further investigation for their possible use in plant and animal disease control.