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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar
Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.
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ThesisItem Open Access Evaluation of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum mill.) genotypes for growth, yield and quality traits(CCSHAU, 2018) Sunil Kumar; Bora, LilaThe present investigation entitled “Evaluation of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) genotypes for growth, yield and quality traits” with twenty-two genotypes along with one standard check was conducted at Regional Research Station, Karnal and Laboratory of the Department of Vegetable Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during rabi season of 2016-2017. The observations were recorded on 21 qualitative and quantitative traits. The objective of present investigation was to determine the genetic variability, estimation of character association between yield and its component traits by correlation and path analysis to determine the direct and indirect effect on dependent variable. The analysis of variance exhibited significant genotypic differences, showing considerable amount of genetic variability among different genotypes. The moderate PCV (15.16), GCV (14.93) and high genetic advance (30.30%) and high heritability (97.04%), observed for yield of fruits per hectare (q) was showing further scope of selection. Genotypes PNR-7, H-86, NT-8, Castle Rock, DVRT-2, DVRT-6, DVRT-8 and Punjab Upma were found promising for both yield and quality traits while genotypes P.H.S, Punjab Kesari, Punjab Upma and DVRT-3 were most promising for quality traits only. Yield of fruits per hectare (q) showed highly significantly and positive genotypic correlation with days to 50% flowering, days to first picking, days to last picking, polar diameter, equatorial diameter, pericarp thickness, weight of marketable fruits per plant, yield of fruits per plant and fruit firmness. The path coefficients analysis revealed that total number of fruits per plant, days to last picking and weight of marketable fruits per plant are most promising traits which influences yield directly as well as indirectly. Hierarchical cluster analysis indicated that crosses between the members of cluster separated by high inter cluster distances, are expected to produce desirable transgressive segregants.ThesisItem Open Access Integrated nutrient management in wheat (T. aestivum L.) under saline and non saline irrigation water(CCSHAU, 2018) Sunil Kumar; Satyavan]A field experiment entitled “Integrated nutrient management (INM) in wheat (T. aestivum L.) under saline and non-saline irrigation water” was conducted at Research Farm, Department of Soil Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during winter (rabi) seasons of 2011-12 and 2012-13. The experiments carried out on WH-711, consisted of two levels of quality of irrigation water viz., canal water and saline water (8- 10 dS/m) and four inoculation and vermicompost treatments viz., no inoculation (control), vermicompost @ 5 t/ha, Azotobacter ST3 + Pseudomonas P36 and Azotobacter ST3 + Pseudomonas P36 + vermicompost @ 5 t/ha in main plots and three levels of fertilizer viz., 75, 100 and 125% RDF in sub-plots. The 24 treatment combinations were tested in split plot design replicated thrice. Based on research investigations it was found that canal water application significantly increased the parameters like plant stand/mrl, plant height, dry matter, plant tillers/mrl, LAI, LAD, RGR, CGR, effective tillers/mrl, ear head length, number of grains/spike, grain, straw and biological yields, available N, P, K, organic carbon and grain protein content as compared to saline water. The quality of irrigation water had no significant effect on sedimentation value. Azotobacter ST3 + Pseudomonas P36 + vermicompost @ 5 t/ha treatment resulted in significantly higher plant height, dry matter accumulation, plant tillers per meter row length, LAI, LAD, effective tillers/mrl, number of grains/spike, grain, straw and biological yields, available N, P, K, organic carbon and grain protein content in comparison to no inoculation. Inoculation and vermicompost treatments had no significant effect on plant stand/mrl, NAR, RGR, ear head length and soil EC. Different RDF treatments viz., 75, 100 and 125% RDF significantly affected plant height, dry matter accumulation, plant tiller/mrl, LAI, LAD, effective tillers/mrl, number of grains/spike, grain, straw and biological yields, available N, P, organic carbon and grain protein content. However, no significant effect on the plant stand/mrl, RGR, NAR, sedimentation value, available K, K content in grain and straw and soil EC was observed. None of the treatments had significant effect on the test weight, harvest index, hectolitre weight and soil pH during both the years. Higher viable count of Azotobacter ST3 (cfu x 105) and Pseudomonas P36 (cfu x 106) was recorded than initial value due to INM practices, being maximum in the treatment INVC 125 % RDF with canal water application. From economics point of view, vermicompost + biofertilizer (Azotobacter and Pseudomonas) were the most productive treatments, but biofertilizer (Azotobacter and Pseudomonas) treatments were the most economical treatments with respect to increase in net profit and B:C ratio, at all fertility levels. The INM treatment INVC 125% RDF recorded maximum gross returns (Rs. 91,369 and 88,897/ha), but net returns were better in IN 125% RDF (Rs. 58,003 and 52,482/ha) due to higher cost of vermicompost. Moreover, IN 100% RDF resulted in maximum B:C ratio than IN 125% RDF due to higher expenditure incurred on extra dose of fertilizer IN 125% RDF, during both the years, respectively. In future, with the increased availability of vermicompost by establishment of small production units or cooperatives at farm or village level in due course of time may bring down its cost and therefore, it may give better returns than worked in the present studies.ThesisItem Open Access Efficacy of various grain protectants against pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) infesting chickpea, Cicer arietinum (L.) seeds(CCSHAU, 2004) Sunil Kumar; Singal, Shiv KThe chickpea, Cicer arietinum (L.) is having vital role in the diet of people and stands first in area and production in the country and plays an important role in the agricultural economy of India. Use of quality seed is the basic input in crop production. After harvest, the seeds have to be stored for different periods before these are actually used for sowing in the next season. Under normal storage conditions, chickpea is damaged by a bruchid viz. Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) upto a great extent. Synthetic organic chemicals are used to protect stored pulses and found effective in controlling the pest but having toxic effect to grain and human beings. This has led to diversity the control measures that should be non-toxic and effective approach against the pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis (L.). The present investigations were carried out to study the efficacy of grain protectants i.e. neem seed kernel powder @ 20 g/kg, neem oil @ 10 ml/kg, Mustard oil @ 7.5ml/kg, groundnut oil @ 7.5 ml/kg, turmeric powder @ 3.5 g/kg mustard oil + turmeric powder @ 3.75 ml + 1.75g/kg, groundnut oil + turmeric powder @ 3.75ml+1.75g/kg, saw dust (7cm covering) sand (7cm covering), dung cake ash (7cm covering) and wheat husk (7cm covering) against C. chinensis and their effect on germination of chickpea seeds (var. HC-3). There were a total of 12 treatments and each treatment was replicated thrice including untreated seeds as control and kept in plastic as well as glass jars under ambient storage conditions. All the oils and dung cake ash gave significantly higher adult pulse beetle mortality as compared to untreated control. On the basis of number of eggs laid, adult emergence and seed damage saw dust, sand and dung cake ash (7cm covering each) were considered as most effective against C. chinensis. None of the grain protectant treatments had an adverse effect on germination and vigour index except oils and mixture of oils with turmeric powder which slightly hampered the standard germination of chickpea seeds.ThesisItem Open Access Genetic Analysis Of Soarce Sink And Its Partitioning In Indian Mustard (Brassica Jancea L. Czern And Coss) Under Normal And Moisture Stress Environments(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University;Hisar, 2003) Sunil Kumar; Dhiraj SinghThesisItem Open Access Studies On The Effect Of Vam And Growth Regulators On Gladiolus Grandiflorus L. Cv. Jessica(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University;Hisar, 2002) Sunil Kumar; Gupta, A. K.ThesisItem Open Access Oxidative Stress And Antioxidant System During Ripening And Storage Of Ber (Ziziphus Mauritiana Lamk.) Fruits(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University; Hisar, 2008) Sunil Kumar; Malhotra, SariaThesisItem Open Access Physiological and biochemical studies in mothbean [Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal] genotypes under soil moisture stress(CCSHAU, 2005) Sunil Kumar; Sharma, K.D.The study entitled “Physiological and biochemical studies in mothbean [Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal] genotypes under soil moisture stress” was conducted during Kharif season of 2004 at crop physiology research area of Agronomy Department CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. The experiment was laid out in factorial RBD with four replications. The treatment consisted of two environments of moisture stress (water stress and irrigated control) and four genotypes viz. RMO 40, RMO 257, MB 99-1 and CZM 10. Water stress decreased the maturity duration and profile moisture content consistently. Genotype RMO 40 was shortest in maturity duration and CZM 10 used maximum water. Development of moisture stress enhanced the phonological development significantly. Growth of mothbean in terms of plant height, dry matter accumulation, LAI, LAD, CGR, SLA, and RGR decreased with increase in moisture stress. However, root depth and SLW increased under moisture stress. All Plant water status parameters i.e. w, s, RWC and CTD decreased from morning to afternoon and with moisture stress. Gaseous exchange studies i.e. rate of photosynthesis, transpiration and stomatal conductance get reduced under water stress. Genotype MB 99-1 maintained higher biomass, plant water status and gaseous exchange under moisture stress. Biochemical metabolites i.e. chlorophyll, starch and protein content declined under water stress. However, free proline, total soluble carbohydrates, and free amino acids content showed sharp rise under moisture stress. Seed and biological yield reduced significantly by decreasing yield attributing characters i.e. number of effective pods, seeds per pod and test weight under water stress. Genotype MB 99-1 recorded highest seed yield and observed most drought tolerant in terms of having higher plant water status; gaseous exchange and biochemical metabolites.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on myb gene expression in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Coss. & Czern) under salt stress(CCSHAU, 2007) Sunil Kumar; Yadav, R.C.The investigation was carried out to study the myb expression under different levels of salinity in Brassica juncea cv. CS52 in the Department of Biotechnology & Molecular Biology, CCS Haryana Agricultural, Hisar during the year 2006 and 2007. The myb gene expression was checked by RT-PCR approach. Primers BjMYBR-1 and BjMYBR-2 were designed from the conserved DNA binding domain of Atmyb2 by analyzing this gene sequence with other myb gene sequence available in database using ClustalW programme. The expression of Bjmyb1 became detectable within 15 minutes of salinity exposure, which increased and was maximum in 30 minutes of salinity treatment. Thereafter it declined and stabilized in 2 hr of salinity treatment. The expression was not affected by the different concentrations (100 mM, 200 mM, 300 mM and 400 mM) of NaCl used. Sequencing of amplified cDNA fragment revealed a 176 bp sequence. ClustalW analysis of Bjmyb1 with other eight myb genes from different organisms available in database showed its homology with Atmyb2 and Chmyb2.ThesisItem Open Access Management of mungbean yellow mosaic virus in mothbean [Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq) marechal](CCSHAU, 2007) Sunil Kumar; Gupta, P.P.Mothbean is a major commercial crop of hot arid regions of our country. It is affected by several fungal, bacterial and viral diseases. Among these mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) disease is the most important. Out of 62 genotypes screened against MYMV disease under field conditions and seventeen among them screened under green house conditions only 12 genotypes including one promising resistant check viz., RMM-47-2, RMM-44, GMO-4, RMO-257, RMB-54, CZM-90, HM-61, CZM-12, RMO-435, GMO-13, GMO-9915, CAZRI Moth-1 were found moderately resistant. Second week of June for sowing and spacing 45 cm were optimum in reducing the incidence of MYMV disease and whitefly population. The yield was also maximum (10.33 q/ha) at this conditions. There was positive correlation between disease incidence and whitefly population and yield was negatively correlated with disease incidence and whitefly population. The correlation of disease incidence with weather parameters were found non-significant. Application of phosphorus and potassium (40 kg/ha each) alone reduces the disease incidence from 47.8% (in control, no application of NPK) to 17.8% and 18.3% respectively. Highest reduction in MYMV disease incidence (70.61%), minimum whitefly population and maximum grain yield with respect to 20 kg/ha nitrogen application alone was recorded when N20P40K40 kg/ha were used. The botanical Azadirachtin (Fortune Aza, 5%) was most effective than other botanicals in reducing the MYMV disease incidence (69.43%) and increasing the grain yield (84.56%). This treatment was statistically at par with the application of Endosulfan (0.07% a.i.). Neem oil (5%) was found better next to the Azadiractin in reducing the disease incidence.