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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar

Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.

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2011 - 20142
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Author: Sunil Kumar × End date: 2018 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Tech ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Optimization of biogas slurry use for digestion of an admixture of kitchen waste and cattle dung
    (CCSHAU, 2011) Sunil Kumar; Yadav, Y. K.
    Anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste and cattle dung was carried out in laboratory scale batch mode reactors in two phases. In the first phase, anaerobic digestion with different mixture of kitchen waste (KW) and cattle dung (CD) with 20% inoculum was carried out whereas in the second phase, anaerobic digestion of mixture of KW and CD with different concentration of inoculum was carried out. Five feedstock of which were made by mixing kitchen waste and cattle dung at different mixing ratios of 0:1 (P1R1), 1:3 (P1R2), 1:1 (P1R3), 3:1 (P1R4) and 1:0 (P1R5) were tested. The result showed that reactor P1R3 (50% KW + 50% CD) with kitchen waste and cattle dung ratio of 1:1 gave the maximum (21.3 l/kg of solid substrate) biogas with volumetric biogas production of 0.37 l/kg/d and methane yield of 0.092 m3/kg VS added with solid conversion efficiency of 142 ml/g TS and 162 ml/g VS added. After completion of first phase, the best mixture obtained was 50% KW + 50% CD (P1R3). In the second phase, this mixture was digested with different concentrations of inoculums viz. 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. The maximum biogas yield was of (27.6 l/kg of solid substrate) observed in reactor P2R4 (50% KW + 50% CD with 25% inoculum) with volumetric biogas production of (0.48 l/kg/d) and methane yield of 0.085 m3/kg VS added with solid conversion efficiency of 127 ml/g TS and 145 ml/g VS added. Therefore, mixing ratio of 1:1 of kitchen waste and cattle dung was optimal for biogas yield, methane yield and solid conversion efficiency with 25% inoculum.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Comparative evaluation of quality changes in stored wheat in hermetic silo bags and conventional methods
    (CCSHAU, 2014) Sunil Kumar; Garg, M.K.
    A study was undertaken to observe the efficacy of hermetic bag in comparison with conventional grain storage structures i.e. steel bins and gunny bagstraditionally employed in India. Comparison was based on qualitative analysis of stored wheati.e. moisture content, thousand kernel weight, germination percentage, sedimentation value, protein content, gluten content, gluten index, mold count, insect infestation and pasting characteristics of all structures with respect of time.Top layers of hermetic bags and steel bins responded more to the ambient temperature and relative humidity. The temperature was maximum in the middle layers and lowest in bottom layers of all the structuresduring nine months.Relative humidity remained almost constant in hermetic bags, which defined the airtightness of the bags. The biological respiration of wheat increased the level of carbon dioxideupto 9.48%on consuming oxygen, which inhibited the proliferation of insects even though insets were manually inserted into two ofhermetic bags.Respiration of wheat and insect activity was more during warmer months of storage period which in resulted highest level of CO2in bagsand bins. Insect infestation was detected in steel bins and gunny bag piles on October 30th, 2013 and September 30th, 2013 respectively. The detected insect was lesser grain borer (Rhizopertha dominica). Germination percentage, sedimentation value, peak viscosity, trough viscosity, final viscosity, setbackviscosity and gluten index were found to be reduced with the advancement of storage time. Mold count and insect infestation was minimum in low moisture content hermetic bags due to modified atmosphere. Gelatinization temperature, breakdown viscosity and protein content of all structureswerethe same. An increase in the values of peak time, pasting temperature, trough viscosity, milling yield and gluten content was observed in all the structures. Moisture content of the hermetic bags became constant after three months. But in case of steel bins and gunny bag piles moisture content responded to thechange in ambient conditions. Thousand kernel weight variation of all structures responded with respect to change in moisture content of the grains. Hermetic bagscan be an attractive environment friendly solution for preventing storage losses in India. The fact that no chemical fumigants are required makes them environment friendly as well.