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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar

Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.

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Author: Eriyagama, A.M.K.Indra × End date: 2007 × Start date: 2007 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Diazotropic bacteria from rice rhizosphere and their use as bioinoculants
    (CCSHAU, 2007) Eriyagama, A.M.K.Indra; Sharma, P.K.
    Rice is the world’s leading food crop and more consumed in the Asian region. Microorganisms play an important role in soil health and crop productivity by fixing nitrogen, solubilizing phosphate, secreting plant growth promoting substances and suppressing the plant pathogens. The present investigation was carried out to isolation and identification of efficient nitrogen fixing bacteria from the rice rhizosphere and evaluate efficient nitrogen fixing bacteria as rice inoculants. To meet the above objectives, following experiments were conducted. Eleven soil samples were collected from rice growing area of Haryana from 7 locations. Soil samples were analysed for chemical properties pH, EC, total N, available P, available K, organic C and microbial population. The pH of the soil varied from 7.1 to 7.6 and electrical conductivity was in the range of 0.14 to 0.99 dSm-1. The organic carbon vried from 0.15 to 0.60 per cent. Available P and K were varied from 7 to 12 and 72 to 312 mg kg-1 respectively. Microbial population estimated for total bacteria, Azotobacer and diazotrophic bacteria using nutrient agar, nitrogen free Jensen’s medium and malate medium. Total bacterial count was in the range of 7.6 to 8.5 log CFU g-1. Azotobacter count varied from 4.2 to 5.0 log CFU g-1. The diazotrophic bacterial count varied from 5.5 to 6.4 log CFU g-1. Seventy four isolations were made on nutrient agar and malate medium and 30 isolations were made on Jensen’s medium. All the isolates were tested for nitrogen fixation (ARA) and indole acetic acid (IAA) production. The highest ARA among the isolates from NA medium was shown by isolate IRN6 (78.7 n mole acetylene reduced h-1 tube-1). Among the isolates from Jensen medium isolate IRJ2 showed maximum ARA (16.0 n mole acetylene reduced h-1 tube-1). Eight isolates which showed higher ARA and IAA, higher ARA and lower IAA and higher IAA and lower ARA were selected for further studies. These isolates were IRN6, IRN10, IRN44, IRN45, IRN55, IRJ2, IRJ18 and IRJ27. Selected isolates were tested for rice seedling growth. Inoculation of selected isolates improved the rice seedling growth by increasing root, shoot length and root number over uninoculated control. Isolate IRN6 performed better than other isolates and its inoculation showed more number of roots and maximum increase in root and shoot length over the uninoculated control. A pot experiment was conducted to see the effect of inoculation of selected isolates on rice straw yield and grain yield at 75 and 100 per cent RDF. The root ARA was measured in 75 d old plant after transplanting. Inoculation with selected isolates increased the root ARA significantly and the noninoculated control with no fertilizer. Application of nitrogen had strong inhibitory effect on root ARA was observed. Significant increases in grain yield, strain yield and root dry weight were observed with inoculation of selected isolates, Mac 27 and Biomix over uninoculated control at 0 per cent RDF. Similarly significant increase were observed in grain yield, straw yield and root dry weight with inoculated selected isolates, Mac27 and Biomix at 75% RDF. At 100% RDF significant increases in grain yield over uninoculated control was observed in IRN6, IRN10, IRN44, Irn45, IRJ27 and Mac27. But it is significantly highest in IRN6. Straw yield was significantly increases observed in IRN6, IRN45, IRN55 and IRJ18. Highest significant increases observed in IRN6. Root dry weight was significantly increases observed in IRN6, IRN10, IRN44, IRN55, Mac27 and Biomix. Highest significant increases observed in Mac27. Rice straw, total nitrogen, soil total N and soil total P were improved the inoculation with selected isolates over uninoculated control. Soil microbial population increased the inoculation with selected isolates over uninoculated control.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Diazotropic bacteria from rice rhizosphere and their use as bioinoculants
    (CCSHAU, 2007) Eriyagama, A.M.K.Indra; Sharma, P.K.
    Rice is the world’s leading food crop and more consumed in the Asian region. Microorganisms play an important role in soil health and crop productivity by fixing nitrogen, solubilizing phosphate, secreting plant growth promoting substances and suppressing the plant pathogens. The present investigation was carried out to isolation and identification of efficient nitrogen fixing bacteria from the rice rhizosphere and evaluate efficient nitrogen fixing bacteria as rice inoculants. To meet the above objectives, following experiments were conducted. Eleven soil samples were collected from rice growing area of Haryana from 7 locations. Soil samples were analysed for chemical properties pH, EC, total N, available P, available K, organic C and microbial population. The pH of the soil varied from 7.1 to 7.6 and electrical conductivity was in the range of 0.14 to 0.99 dSm-1. The organic carbon vried from 0.15 to 0.60 per cent. Available P and K were varied from 7 to 12 and 72 to 312 mg kg-1 respectively. Microbial population estimated for total bacteria, Azotobacer and diazotrophic bacteria using nutrient agar, nitrogen free Jensen’s medium and malate medium. Total bacterial count was in the range of 7.6 to 8.5 log CFU g-1. Azotobacter count varied from 4.2 to 5.0 log CFU g-1. The diazotrophic bacterial count varied from 5.5 to 6.4 log CFU g-1. Seventy four isolations were made on nutrient agar and malate medium and 30 isolations were made on Jensen’s medium. All the isolates were tested for nitrogen fixation (ARA) and indole acetic acid (IAA) production. The highest ARA among the isolates from NA medium was shown by isolate IRN6 (78.7 n mole acetylene reduced h-1 tube-1). Among the isolates from Jensen medium isolate IRJ2 showed maximum ARA (16.0 n mole acetylene reduced h-1 tube-1). Eight isolates which showed higher ARA and IAA, higher ARA and lower IAA and higher IAA and lower ARA were selected for further studies. These isolates were IRN6, IRN10, IRN44, IRN45, IRN55, IRJ2, IRJ18 and IRJ27. Selected isolates were tested for rice seedling growth. Inoculation of selected isolates improved the rice seedling growth by increasing root, shoot length and root number over uninoculated control. Isolate IRN6 performed better than other isolates and its inoculation showed more number of roots and maximum increase in root and shoot length over the uninoculated control. A pot experiment was conducted to see the effect of inoculation of selected isolates on rice straw yield and grain yield at 75 and 100 per cent RDF. The root ARA was measured in 75 d old plant after transplanting. Inoculation with selected isolates increased the root ARA significantly and the noninoculated control with no fertilizer. Application of nitrogen had strong inhibitory effect on root ARA was observed. Significant increases in grain yield, strain yield and root dry weight were observed with inoculation of selected isolates, Mac 27 and Biomix over uninoculated control at 0 per cent RDF. Similarly significant increase were observed in grain yield, straw yield and root dry weight with inoculated selected isolates, Mac27 and Biomix at 75% RDF. At 100% RDF significant increases in grain yield over uninoculated control was observed in IRN6, IRN10, IRN44, Irn45, IRJ27 and Mac27. But it is significantly highest in IRN6. Straw yield was significantly increases observed in IRN6, IRN45, IRN55 and IRJ18. Highest significant increases observed in IRN6. Root dry weight was significantly increases observed in IRN6, IRN10, IRN44, IRN55, Mac27 and Biomix. Highest significant increases observed in Mac27. Rice straw, total nitrogen, soil total N and soil total P were improved the inoculation with selected isolates over uninoculated control. Soil microbial population increased the inoculation with selected isolates over uninoculated control.