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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar

Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.

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Author: Dhankar, Amit × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of herbicides against broad leaf weeds in wheat and their effect on succeeding crop of sorghum
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2023-06) Dhankar, Amit; Amarjeet
    The present investigation entitled “Evaluation of herbicides against broad leaf weeds in wheat and their effect on succeeding crop of sorghum” was studied at Regional Research Station, Bawal of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2019-20 and 2020-21. The objectives of experiment was, to find out most effective and profitable herbicide treatments for control of broad leaf weeds in wheat and their effect on succeeding sorghum crop. The experiment was conducted using WH 711 and HJ 541 variety of wheat and sorghum, respectively, and was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. Ten different herbicidal treatments were applied in wheat crop and compared with weedy check and weed free treatment. The treatments were aclonifen 1000 g ha-1 PRE (T1), diflufenican 200 g ha-1 PRE (T2), aclonifen 1000 g ha-1 + diflufenican 200 g ha-1 PRE (T3), pendimethalin 1500 g ha-1 (T4), aclonifen 1000 g ha-1 + pendimethalin 1500 g ha-1 PRE (T5), diflufenican 200 g ha-1 + pendimethalin 1500 g ha-1 PRE (T6), halauxifen + fluroxypyr (RM) 240 g ha-1 PoE (T7), metsulfuron + carfentrazone 25 g ha-1 PoE (T8), 2,4-D Na 500 g ha-1 PoE (T9), 2,4-D ethyl ester 450 g ha-1 PoE (T10), weed free (T11) and weedy check (T12). Major weed species infesting the experimental field were Chenopodium album, Chenopodium murale, Anagallis arvensis, Rumex dentatus, Melilotus indica, Medicago denticulata, Malwa parviflora and Convolvulus arvensis. Among PRE herbicides, aclonifen 1000 g ha-1 + diflufenican 200 g ha-1 (T3) and aclonifen 1000 g ha-1 + pendimethalin 1500 g ha-1 (T5), while among PoE, halauxifen + fluroxypyr (RM) 240 g ha-1 (T7) provided excellent control (>75% WCE) of broad leaf weeds at all stages of crop growth during both years of experiment. Comparatively poor control over different broad leaf weeds was reported from sole application of pendimethalin 1500 g ha-1 (T4), 2,4-D Na 500 g ha-1 (T9) and 2,4-D ethyl ester 450 g ha-1 (T10) during both years. Both formulations of 2,4-D did not vary significantly from each other in controlling different broad leaf weeds in wheat. Lowest weed index of 5.3 and 5.5% during first and second year, respectively was documented in T3 while highest weed index was recorded from weedy check (40.1 and 44.5) followed by pendimethalin (T4) (30.2 and 33.4%). Highest growth parameters, yield attributes and grain yield (6263 and 5481 kg ha-1) of wheat crop were recorded from weed free treatment which was found statistically at par with T3 (5929 and 5179 kg ha-1). Among different PoE herbicides, application of halauxifen + fluroxypyr (T7) provided more control of different broad leaf weeds as compared to other PoE herbicides resulting into higher crop yield during both years. Visual phytotoxicity of scale 1 was recorded on application of different PRE treatments during first year of experiment. Transient crop injury on PoE application of metsulfuron + carfentrazone 25 g ha-1 (T8) was recorded during both years and crop plants recovers completely at 21 days after herbicide application. Maximum net returns and B:C ratio was calculated from T3 (₹ 83542, 69200 ha-1 and 2.27, 1.99) followed by T5 (₹ 79213, 66133 ha-1 and 2.20, 1.95) and minimum from weedy check (₹ 36290, 20147 ha-1 and 1.59, 1.31) during first and second year, respectively. All herbicide treatments employed in wheat crop, irrespective of their time of application did not show any residual carryover effect on succeeding fodder sorghum crop as evident from recorded plant population, growth parameters and fodder yield of sorghum crop. This might be due to rapid chemical and microbial degradation of herbicides through application of five flood irrigation to wheat crop and occurrence of 106.0 and 67.2 mm of rainfall between the time of application of PRE herbicides and harvesting of wheat crop during first and second year, respectively.