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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar
Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.
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ThesisItem Open Access Effect of different nitrogen sources on soil properties and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.)(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2021-09) Amit Kumar; Santosh Kumar SinghIn order to study the effect of various nitrogen sources on growth, yield and yield attributes and soil properties, a field experiment was conducted during Kharif 2020 at farm of Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Fatehabad (Haryana). The experiment was planned in a randomized block design with fourteen treatments replicated thrice Based on the research investigation, it was observed that different nitrogen sources significantly affected the growth, yield, yield attributes, economics and soil properties under rice cultivation. Among different sources, treatment with 100% RDN through urea recorded significantly higher plant height (95.42 cm), number of tillers (372.17 m-2), grain yield (44.61 q ha-1) and straw yield (96.88 q ha-1). Highest gross net return (Rs. 87355 ha-1), net return (Rs. 50635 ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (2.38) was observed in treatment 100% RDN through urea. Decrease in soil pH, EC and increase in soil organic carbon was observed in treatments where nitrogen was applied through organic manures viz. FYM, vermicompost and poultry manure as compared to initial value. The highest available N (120.30 kg ha-1), P (19.13 kg ha-1), K (237.20 kg ha-1) and S (34.50 kg ha-1) was observed in treatment where RDN was applied through poultry manure. The content of micronutrients increased with application of FYM, vermicompost or poultry manure alone or in combination with chemical fertilizer and found highest in treatment receiving 100% RDN through vermicompost. Highest nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulphur content and its uptake in rice was observed where 100% RDN applied through chemical fertilizer.ThesisItem Open Access Impact of rural agricultural work experience (RAWE) programme under CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2020-12) Amit Kumar; Mehta, S.K.The study was conducted in the college of agriculture main campus and college of agriculture, Kaul of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. The 140 students were selected during the year of 2019-20 for the sample size. While, 120 host farmers/contact farmers with whom the students of RAWE programme attached for studying various aspects of agricultural/horticultural activities and farm enterprise. Majority of respondents 21.43 per cent belonged to graduate level of education. It was found that 71.42 per cent belonged to male category. More than 45.00 per cent respondents belonged from the rural areas followed by 37.14 per cent from the urban areas. The result showed that39.29 per cent respondents fall under the category of 10+2 level of education from the CBSC board. However, 39.28 per cent parents were having farming as a main occupation. Majority of respondents (50 %) of the students decided to join CCS HAU. Maximum students (46.43%) obtained high OGPA followed by 39.29 per cent medium OGPA. From the total number of students 42.86 per cent got the monthly scholarship by CCSHAU. Majority of the farmers (63.3%) belonged to medium age and 39.1 per cent farmers educated up to primary school, while 49.1 per cent farmers belonged to other backward class (OBC). It was found that 53.3 per cent respondents having semi-medium land holding (2 to 4 hec.). The 96.7 per cent of respondents had high contact with progressive farmers. Almost 36.7 per cent respondents belonged to the medium level of change proneness and 55.9 per cent respondents had high level of scientism/fatalism. It was observed that 45 per cent respondents were fall under the category of medium level of risk orientation. It was revealed that majority (53.57%) of students used the Hindi as a major language and 21.42 per cent students were having internet connection. Regarding mass media exposure newspapers a print media, internet as electronic media, skype and snapchat as new age media and Microsoft academic as search engine ranked 1st. The data revealed that respondents had high contact with advisory service (e-mausam) of the university with mean value 2.50. It was found that respondents had most favorable attitude about opportunities to work with various agriculture rural institutions with highest mean score (2.50 MS). It was found that associated factors of the RAWEP self-confidence, technical domain, communication skill, planning and executive skill considered most vital factor. Whereas, decision making, organizational skill, distraction factor considered as a vital factor. It was cleared that 50.00 per cent farmers were having impact on their „tradition‟ with highest mean score (2.36), while farmers were having the average impact on training skill with mean score (1.82). The result revealed that impact of RAWEP on social norms having descriptive norm on “greet to farmers before leaving work” ranked 1st with highest mean score (2.35) however in injective norm majority of the respondents were having impact on “few farmers adopt technology suggested by students” with highest mean score (1.90). It was found that majority (85.0 %) of respondents having the significant impact on the „improve fraternity among farmers‟ followed by 80.8 per cent having significant impact regarding „gained knowledge of agricultural schemes‟. Whereas, 42.86 per cent respondent accepted that less effective presentation of technical information ranked 1stas a major constraints. In the suggestions, 50.17 per cent students considered that leadership in planning, programme and field problems and build of social relationship and emotional attachment can play an important role for the successful implementation of RAWEP.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of high RSC water, FYM and gypsum on seed production in carrot (Daucus carota L.)(CCSHAU, 2018) Amit Kumar; Batra, V.K.The experiment entitled “Effect of high RSC water, FYM and gypsum on seed production in carrot (Daucus carota L.)” was conducted at Research Farm, Department of vegetable science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2015-16 and 2016-17 to find out the effect of high RSC water, FYM and gypsum on growth, seed yield and seed quality parameters of carrot as well as on economics of different treatments. The cultivar used for the investigation was Hisar Gairic. The treatments comprising three levels of FYM (0, 10 and 20 t/ha) and gypsum (0, 50 and 100% neutralization of RSC) and its combinations were laid out in a factorial randomized block design with three replications keeping a net plot size of 3.0 x 3.0 m. The data were recorded on various parameters, which were influenced by different levels of gypsum and FYM. The minimum values for plant height ,number of branches per plant, number of different order umbels, seed yield, biological yield, harvest index, test weight, standard germination per cent and vigour index while maximum values for ESP and soil pH were recorded in control (F0G0). The maximum values for growth, seed yield, seed quality and minimum for soil pH and ESP were recorded with combination of FYM at 20 t/ha and 100% neutralization of RSC by gypsum in both the years. Highest net return and benefit: cost ratio was recorded in combination of FYM at 20 t/ha and 100% neutralization of RSC by gypsum. The results suggest that the combination of FYM at 20 t/ha and 100% neutralization of RSC by gypsum has shown the best economical treatment in carrot for higher seed yield with quality seed production at commercial scale under semi-arid condition of Hisar (Haryana).ThesisItem Open Access Evaluation of different Brassica spp. and botanicals for the management of mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach)(CCSHAU, 2017) Amit Kumar; Yadav, SunitaThe present studies entitled “Evaluation of different Brassica spp. and botanicals for the management of mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach).” were carried out during Rabi season of 2016-17 at the research area and laboratory of Oilseeds Section, Department of Genetics Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. Under field conditions, the mustard aphid was appeared after 25th January, 2017 on those Brassica genotypes which were in flowering. Based on pooled average aphid population index (PAAII) the pooled average AII was a minimum of 0.8 in Nigra and maximum of 4.3 in BSH-1. Three genotypes (Nigra, T-27 and TH-68) were categorized as highly resistant having AII less than one. Whereas among the selected Brassica genotypes at flowering stage none of the genotypes found highly susceptible. But two genotypes (Nigra and T-27) were consistently highly resistant from flower initiation, full flowering to pod formation stages. Two genotypes, BSH-1 and YSH-401 having pale green leaf colour also showed maximum AAII (4.3 and 3.6 respectively). The genotype T-27 having high-density trichomes showed non-preference to mustard aphid whereas the genotypes BSH-1 having light-density trichomes showed maximum susceptibility AAII i.e. 4.3. The genotypes BSH-1, YSH-401 and UDN-69 having a bright yellow colour flowers attracted more mustard aphid in comparison with other flower colours. The genotypes having compact inflorescence (BSH-1, RC-5, HC-212 and YSH-401) harboured more aphid infestation while the genotypes having loose inflorescence (T-27 and Sangam). Generally, the genotypes such as BSH-1, UDN-69, EC- 552585 with medium maturity periods contracted higher AAII as against the genotypes having short and long maturity durations. The genotypes viz., BSH-1, YSH-401 and HC-212 had very low phenol content on the basis of the pooled mean of plant parts i.e. 1.51, 1.60 and 1.85 per cent respectively. The AAII and phenols were negatively correlated (r = -0.921**) with each other and significant. The effect of waxes in leaves had the lethal effect on aphid infestation and the correlation between AAII and waxes was negative (r = -0.911**) and significant. A positive correlation was observed between AAII and TSS content (r = 0.978**). The per cent aphid reduction over control after seven days of application was found to be maximum (93.21 %) in dimethoate 30 EC @ 625 ml/ha followed by Azadirachtin 10000 ppm @ 1.0 ml per litre of water (81.61%), Azadirachtin 1500 ppm @ 1.0 ml per litre of water (78.49%), Neem oil 3% (76.42%), Neem seed kernel extract (NSKE) 5% (71.44%). It may be concluded that dimethoate 30 EC followed by Azadirachtin 1500 ppm @ 1.0 ml per litre of water, Azadirachtin 10000 ppm @ 1.0 ml per litre of water and Neem seed kernel extract (NSKE) 5% may be recommended for most economic and effective management of mustard aphid on Indian mustard. Phenols and waxes exhibited negative correlation while proline and total sugars, had a positive correlation with mustard aphid infestation. An overall consideration of all the parameters indicated that no single factor governed the infestation of mustard aphid independently and the extent of infestation was an outcome of the contribution of all the factors togetherThesisItem Open Access Effect of planting geometry and nitrogen level on growth, yield and quality of medium duration non-scented rice (Oryza sativa L.)(CCSHAU, 2017) Amit Kumar; Ishwar SinghThe field experiment was conducted during kharif 2016 at Rice Research Station, Kaul (Kaithal) of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar to study the effect of planting geometry and nitrogen levels on growth, yield and quality of non-scented rice variety HKR 127. The experiment consisted of four planting geometries viz. 15 cm x 15 cm, 20 cm x 15 cm, 30 cm x 20 cm and Farmer’s practice in main-plots and three nitrogen levels viz. 120, 150 and 180 kg/ha in sub-plots in split-plot design with four replications. Soil of the experimental field was sandy-clay-loam in texture, alkaline in reaction(pH 7.7), medium in organic carbon (0.51 %), low in available nitrogen (161 kg N/ha), medium in phosphorus (28 kg P2O5/ha) and high in potassium (378 kg K2O/ha). Plant height, number of tillers per m2, dry matter accumulation per m2, yield and yield attributes and nutrient (NPK) uptake in grain and straw increased significantly with close planting geometry (15 cm x 15 cm and 20 cm x 15 cm), while number of grains per panicle increased with wide planting geometry (30 cm x 20 cm and farmer’s practice). The maximum grain and straw yield (8670 and 10540 kg/ha, respectively) were recorded with medium planting geometry (20 cm x 15 cm). However, plant height, dry matter accumulation per m2, number of grains per panicle, straw and grain yield and nutrient uptake increased with increase in nitrogen levels from 120 to 180 kg N/ha. The maximum grain and straw yield (8703 and 11257 kg/ha, respectively) were recorded at 180 kg N/ha. Panicle length, 1000-grain weight, harvest index and quality parameters (hulling, milling and head rice recovery) were not affected significantly due to planting geometry and nitrogen levels, while nutrient (NPK) concentration in grain and straw was affected significantly by nitrogen levels but not by planting geometry. Highest gross return (Rs. 128,505/ha), net return (Rs. 57,694/ha and benefit:cost (B: C) ratio (1.81) were obtained with planting geometry of 20 cm x 15 cm spacing. The highest gross return (Rs. 128,148/ha), net return (Rs. 58,997/ha and B: C ratio (1.85) were obtained with 180 kg N/ha. However, the cultivation of rice variety HKR 127was found most economical when it was transplanted at spacing of 20 cm x 15 cm and supplied with150 kg/ha.ThesisItem Open Access Response of pearlmillet-wheat cropping system to various sources of nutrients in terms of growth, yield and nutrient uptake(CCSHAU, 2010) Amit Kumar; Pawan KumarThe field experiment entitled, “Response of pearlmillet-wheat cropping system to various sources of nutrients in terms of growth, yield and nutrient uptake” was conducted during the year 2009-10 at Research Farm of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar (India). The experiment consisting of twelve treatments was laid out in randomized block design with four replications. In pearlmillet crop treatment T6 (50% RD-NPK + 50% N through FYM in pearl millet and 100% RD-NPK in wheat) exhibited highest growth characters. Yield contributing characters were also recorded highest in treatment T6. Grain, straw and biological yields of pearlmillet increased with progressive increase in inorganic fertilizer dose. In pearlmillet-wheat cropping sequence total NPK uptake by pearlmillet was higher in integrated nutrient management treatments as compared to inorganic fertilizer treatments. In wheat crop, treatment T6 recorded highest growth characters. Yield contributing characters were also recorded highest in treatment T6. Highest net returns and B : C were obtained in treatment T6 closely followed by T10 (50% RD-NPK + 50% N through Green Manure in pearl millet and 100% RD-NPK in wheat). The microbial counts and establishment (Azotobacter, phosphate solubliser, Azospirillum and total bacteria) of the soil improved in the treatments where integrated nutrient fertilizer was applied as compared to chemical fertilizer treatments.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of FYM and gypsum on onion (Allium cepa L.) production under sodic water irrigation(CCSHAU, 2014) Amit Kumar; Yadav, A.C.The experiment entitled Effect of FYM and gypsum on onion (Allium cepa L.) production under sodic water irrigation was conducted at Research Farm, Department of vegetable science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2013 in rabi season to find out the effect of FYM and gypsum on growth, bulb yield and quality of onion under sodic water irrigation as well as economics of different treatments. The cultivar used for the investigation was Hisar-2. The treatments comprising three levels of FYM (0, 10 and 20 t/ha) and gypsum (0, 50 and 100% neutralization of RSC) and its combinations were laid out in a factorial randomized block design with three replications keeping a net plot size of 3.0 x 3.0 m. The data were recorded on various parameters, which were influenced by different levels of FYM and gypsum. The minimum values for seedling mortality per cent, soil pH, ESP, bulb dry matter and TSS, while, maximum values for growth and yield parameters viz. plant height, number of leaves per plant, plant survival at harvest, bulb length, bulb diameter, bulb yield, per cent marketable bulbs, size of bulbs and quality of bulbs were recorded with combination of FYM at 20 t/ha and 100% neutralization of RSC by gypsum. Highest net return and benefit:cost ratio was recorded in combination of FYM at 20 t/ha and 100% neutralization of RSC by gypsum. The results suggest that the combination of FYM at 20 t/ha and 100% neutralization of RSC by gypsum has shown the best economical treatment in onion for higher yield with quality bulb production at commercial scale under semi-arid condition of Hisar (Haryana).
