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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar
Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.
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ThesisItem Open Access Adoption status of onion growers regarding pre and post-harvest management practices(CCSHAU,HiSAR, 2020) Amit; Bharat SinghThe study was conducted in Mewat and Ambala districts of Haryana state during 2018-2020. These districts have maximum area under onion cultivation. A total number of 120 onion growing farmers constituted the sample of the study. The information about respondent`s socio-personnel traits, knowledge level pertaining to pre and post-harvest management practices of onion, adoption level of pre and postharvest practices and constraints encountered by them in adoption of pre and post-harvest management practices were collected with the help of pre tested structured interview schedule. The study revealed that transportation, proper harvesting, maturity index, irrigation, weed control measures, time of sowing in nursery and time of transplanting were the practices about which majority of farmers had correct knowledge. Stop irrigation before 15 days of harvesting, insect pests and their control measures, curing, storage and diseases and their control measures were the practices about which majority of farmers had incorrect or insufficient knowledge. The overall knowledge level of respondents about pre and post-harvest management practices was medium to high since 85 per cent of respondents belonged to these categories and only 15 per cent farmers belonged to low knowledge category. The study also showed that transportation, maturity index, irrigation, time of sowing in nursery, time of transplanting, weed control measures and recommended seed rate were fully adopted practices by onion farmers whereas they had least adopted or not adopted the practices like diseases and their control, storage, curing, stoping irrigation before 15 days of harvesting, grading, insect pests and their control measures and precooling. The overall adoption level of pre and post-harvest management practices of onion growers was also found moderate to high since 80 per cent of the onion growers belonged to said categories. Regarding constraints faced by onion growers included lack of finance for purchase of inputs, high price of pesticides, lack of remunerative MSP policy by government, middleman malpractices, unskilled labour, no crop insurance coverage, lack of proper knowledge regarding post-harvest management practices as well lack of knowledge of these among field functionaries were very serious constraints experienced by the farmers. The government should seriously look into the problems faced by the onion growers and necessary steps or actions should be taken to formulate remunerative MSP policy and its implementation, affordable prices of insecticides and pesticides and organization of sufficient and proper training for both field functionaries and farmers to make the enterprise profitable and sustainable.ThesisItem Open Access Line x Tester analysis (fixed effect model) for yield and its components in fieldpea (Pisum sativum L.)(CCSHAU,HiSAR, 2021-08) Amit; Yadav, RajeshRecombinant breeding is the most appropriate approach to combine various desirable attributes in self-pollinated crops. Genetic variability parameters, combining ability and heterosis were studied for days to flowering, maturity, primary and secondary branches per plant, nod per plant, height of first pod, plant height, pods per plant, seeds per pod, 100-seed weight, biological and seed yield per plant and harvest index in fieldpea (Pisum sativum L.) using line x tester design involving nine lines, three testers and their 27 crosses. The results revealed significant differences among the parents and hybrids for almost all the traits implying presence of adequate variability. Significant interaction between lines and testers was for almost all the traits expressed existence of sufficient amount of heterosis for most of the characters studied. Narrow differences between PCV and GCV of different traits indicated lesser influence of environment on the expression of these traits. Low heritability coupled with low genetic advance were observed for most of traits expect days to maturity, height of first pod and plant height suggesting that these traits are genetically controlled by non-additive gene action. The lines HFP 715 and Aman and the tester GP02/1108 and the crosses HFP 715 x GP02/1108, Aman x GP02/1108 and Pant P-243 x HFP 1426 were observed to be the best general and specific combiners, respectively for seed yield and its components. The σ2SCA >σ2GCA in almost all the traits indicating control of non-additive gene effects. High manifestation of heterobeltiosis for seed yield was evidenced by the superiority of 24 out of 27 crosses over better parent. High heterosis was observed in the cross HFP 715 x GP02/1108 followed by IPF 14-16 x GP02/1108, IPF 14-16 x HFP 1426, DDR-23 x HFP 1426, DDR-23 x GP02/1108 and Aman x GP02/1108 for yield and its attributes. The lines and crosses exhibited superiority in the present study can be exploited for isolating desirable transgressive segregants in advanced generations in future fieldpea improvement programmes.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of biorationals and weeding on management of whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) in cotton(CCSHAU, 2019) Amit; Dalip KumarThe present study was carried out during Kharif 2018 at Biocontrol Laboratory and Research Farm, Cotton Research Station, Sirsa. Mean adult population (adults/leaf) peaked twice during the study i.e. in 29th (8.01 and 8.82/ leaf) and 35th SMW (8.96 and 10.89 / leaf) whereas, whitefly nymphs peaked in 34th SMW (20.12 and 23.21/leaf) in non-weedy and weedy habitat respectively. White fly population (nymphs and adult) had a non-significant positive correlation with temperature and relative humidity. Adult population in non-weedy habitat was significantly negatively correlated with rainfall (r = -0.502) and wind speed (r = -0.515) whereas nymphal population showed non-significant negative correlation. Regression analysis revealed that influence of weather parameters was high and significant on whitefly adults (R2=0.86) and nymphal (R2=0.57) population. Maximum mortality of adults and nymphs (among biorationals) after 1st spray in non-weedy (66.76 and 60.65 per cent mean mortality in adult and nymphal population, respectively) as well as weedy habitat (56.77 and 55.54 per cent mean mortality in adult and nymphal population, respectively) was observerd in nimbicidine 300 ppm treatment. Efficacy Nimbicidine 300 ppm on whitefly adults was followed by Verticillium lecanii, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae and after 2nd spray the same trend was observed. Among the entomopathogenic fungi, V. lecanii was found more effective against whitefly adults whereas M. anisopliae caused higher mortality in nymphal population. Parasitisation of whitefly nymphs by aphelenid wasp, Encarsia spp. ranged from 2.63 to 28.51 per cent in non-weedy habitat and from 3.85 to 35.75 per cent in weedy habitat and peak parasitization was observed in 41st SMW in both habitats. Parasitization showed non-significant negative and positive correlation with temperature and relative humidity, respectively. Parasitization was at weak correlation with rainfall. Weather parameters cumulatively caused 74.0 and 66.0 per cent change in nymphal parasitization in non-weedy and weedy habitats, respectively. All biorationals were found safe for Encarsia sp. Parasitization, however V. lecanii showed highest and Nimbecidine 300 ppm lowest mean parasitisation after both spray. Highest cotton yield (kg/acre) among the biorationals in weedy as well as non-weedy, was obtained with Nimbecidine 300 ppm treatment (768.26 and 642.00 kg/ acre in weedy and non-weedy habitat respectively) followed by V. lecanii (741.02 and 621.28 kg/acre) lowest yield was obtained in control plots (603.16 and 536.24 kg/acre).ThesisItem Open Access Studies on diversity for quality characters, cane yield and its contributing traits in sugarcane (Saccharum spp. complex) clones(CCSHAU, 2019) Amit; Ramesh KumarSugarcane (Saccharum species complex) is one of the important cash crop and playing a vital role in improving the economy of the country. It has unusual ability to store sucrose in stem cell vacuoles. In this study, 51 sugarcane genotypes were evaluated for morphological and quality characters in randomized block design (RBD) with two replications during 2018-19 at CCS Haryana agricultural university, regional research station, karnal. The sufficient genetic variability was observed from significant genotypic differences for all the 22 characters studied, indicated the appropriateness of the material selected. Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the characters representing more environmental impact on these characters for total variation. High heritability (broad sense) coupled with high genetic advance was observed for cane yield, commercial cane sugar (t/ha), germination % at 45 days after planting, number of millable canes at harvest, single cane weight, sucrose % at 8th month stage and commercial cane sugar % at 8th month stage. Therefore, it indicates that simple selection will be effective for these traits. Phenotypic correlation coefficients for cane yield showed significant and positive relationship with commercial cane sugar (t/ha), number of tillers at 120 days after planting, number of shoots at 240 days after planting, number of millable canes at harvest, single cane weight, stalk length, stalk diameter and brix % 10th at month stage. These traits play a greater role as an important contributing character for higher cane yield. The path coefficient analysis revealed that cane yield was shown by commercial cane sugar % at 10th month stage followed by commercial cane sugar (t/ha), sucrose % 12th at month stage, number of millable canes at harvest, single cane weight and stalk length had highest positive direct effect on cane yield. Therefore, in order to improve cane yield, effective selection can be accomplished for the characters having high direct effects. Based on D2 value, the clustering of 51 genotypes was carried out which resulted in 7 diverse clusters. The maximum inter-cluster distance (86.81) was observed between cluster II and cluster III. Bi-parental mating or poly-cross method involving genotypes belonging to cluster II (Co 7717, CoH 110, CoH 167, CoS 767 ) and cluster III (12-41, 11-703, 12-184, 12-263, 12- 493, 12-521, Co 89003) may be utilized in the hybridization programme as crossing between diverse parents is likely to produce wide genetic variability among the progenies.ThesisItem Open Access Characterization of coriander genotypes(CCSHAU, 2012) Amit; Malik, T.PA study was conducted on “Characterization of coriander genotypes” to identify sixty genotypes under study. Plant morphological characters like plant growth habit, leaf tip, number of umbels per plant, yield per plant (g) were found to be the most important diagnostic characters for cultivar identification in coriander. Some seed morphological characters like test weight, seed colour, seed ridges and seed shape were also found helpful to differentiate the coriander cultivars. The differential response of coriander genotypes to chemical test - phenol test was found to be very effective for genotype identification. The schematic diagram on the basis of some important morphological traits has higher resolution in terms of differentiating among genotypes. The schematic diagrams based on seed and chemical test are also very useful for identification of genotypes.
