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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar

Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.

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Author: Amandeep Kaur × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2019 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on herbicide resistance in wild oat (Avena ludoviciana Dur.) and its management in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
    (CCSHAU, 2019) Amandeep Kaur; Samunder Singh
    The present investigation entitled, “Studies on herbicide resistance in wild oat (Avena ludoviciana Dur.) and its management in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)” was carried out during rabi seasons of 2016-17 and 2017-18. The field experiment was conducted at farmer’s field in village Siswal, district Hisar (Haryana) and pot experiment was conducted in the screen house of Department of Agronomy, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar (Haryana). The field experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, replicated thrice having pendimethalin PRE fb pinoxaden POE @ 1500 fb 50 g/ha, pendimethalin + metribuzin (RM) @ 1500 g/ha PRE, metribuzin @ 175 g/ha PRE, pyroxasulfone @ 127.5 g/ha PRE, pyroxasulfone + pendimethalin (TM) @ 106 + 1000 g/ha PRE, flumioxazin @ 100 g/ha PRE, flumioxazin + pendimethalin (TM) @ 80 + 1500 g/ha PRE, clodinafop + metsulfuron (TM) @ 60 + 4 g/ha POE, metribuzin @ 175 g/ha POE, sulfosulfuron + metsulfuron (RM) @ 32 g/ha POE, pinoxaden + metsulfuron (TM) @ 50 + 4 g/ha POE, isoproturon @ 1000 g/ha POE, weedy check and weed free. Pot experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design with three replications having 0.5, 1.0 and 2 times dose of treatments applied in the field experiment except weed free. One untreated control was also kept for each population and herbicides for comparison. Pyroxasulfone and pyroxasulfone + pendimethalin treatment resulted in 59.1 and 51.5; 61.2 and 55.2% reduction in A. ludoviciana population as compared to weedy check treatment, respectively at 30 DAS during 2016-17 and 2017-18. Pinoxaden + metsulfuron and pendimethalin fb pinoxaden resulted in 62.3 and 59.7; 64.5 and 61.8% reduction in A. ludoviciana density over weedy check treatment, respectively at harvest during 2016-17 and 2017-18. Sulfosulfuron + metsulfuron (RM) and clodinafop + metsulfuron (TM) have poor efficacy against grassy as well as broadleaf weeds among other herbicides but superior than weedy check. Significantly higher grain yield was obtained in weed free treatment, which was statistically similar with pinoxaden + metsulfuron and pendimethalin fb pinoxaden treatments, but significantly higher than all other treatments. Weed free, pinoxaden + metsufuron and pendimethalin fb pinoxaden treatments produced 70.9, 67.7 and 64.9; 69.4, 67.0 and 64.3% higher grain yield as compared to weedy check treatment, respectively during 2016-17 and 2017-18. Statistically similar grain yield was recorded in pyroxasulfone and pyroxasulfone + pendimethalin treatments with 54.1 and 51.1; 55.3 and 52.4% higher yield than weedy check treatment, respectively during 2016-17 and 2017-18. Application of flumioxazin and flumioxazin + pendimethalin provided effective weed control, but grain yield was lower due to crop phytotoxicity after first irrigation. A. ludoviciana biotype SHH2 which was highly resistant to clodinafop showed 55-60% visual control at 50 g/ha dose of pinoxaden (averaged data). Most of the biotypes were sensitive to the application of pinoxaden. It provided 60-85% mortality of all biotypes at 50 and 100 g/ha dose except SHH2 biotype. Sequential application of pendimethalin fb pinoxaden resulted in 85-90% visual mortality for all the biotypes at recommended and double dose, whereas half of the recommended dose of pinoxaden provided 70-75% visual mortality in DSH1, SHH1 and SHH2 biotypes. Poor control by pyroxasulfone @ 63.75 g/ha could be due to the lower availability of lethal dose of herbicide to cause satisfactory control. Pyroxasulfone @ 127.5 and 255 g/ha provided 70-90% visual mortality for all the biotypes. A. ludoviciana biotype SHH2 which was highly tolerant to clodinafop showed 55-60% visual mortality at recommended dose of pinoxaden. Most of the biotypes were sensitive to pinoxaden. It provided 60-85% mortality in all biotypes at 50 and 100 g/ha dose except SHH2 biotype. The information obtained from this study will facilitate proactive management of herbicide resistant weeds through inclusion of PRE herbicides in an ideal approach to reduce the selection pressure on POE herbicides.