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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar

Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.

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Author: Aarti × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Impact of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae and phosphorus levels on soil properties and yield of wheat in Aridisol and Inceptisol soils of Haryana
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2023-06) Aarti; Sheoran, Hardeep Singh
    A screen house experiment entitled “Impact of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae and phosphorus levels on soil properties and yield of wheat in Aridisol and Inceptisol soils of Haryana” was carried out during Rabi season 2022-2023 in Screen House, Department of Soil Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. A pot experiment was conducted using wheat (WH-1105) as test crop and a total of 16 treatments with four levels of phosphorus (0, 30, 45 and 60 kg/ha), each with and without VAM inoculation. The experiment was laid out in three factorial CRD design with three replications. In both light and heavy soils, among different levels of applied phosphorus, 60 kg/ha phosphorus application recorded highest value for grain yield (11.51g/pot), straw yield (13.08 g/pot), NPK uptake in grain (182.0, 65.7, 63.5 mg/pot, respectively), and straw (72.3, 28.7, 178.4 mg/pot, respectively), alkaline phosphatase activity (221.22 µg PNP/g soil/h) and dehydrogenase activity ( 68.55 µg TPF/g of soil/24 h). However, available N and K content in soil after wheat harvest showed a declining trend, while P concentration increased with increase in phosphorus levels. With VAM inoculation percent increase in grain yield (6.24), straw yield (4.42), N uptake in grain (12.22), and straw (15.86), P uptake in grain (14.90), and straw (19.00), K uptake in gran (12.39), and straw (10.39), alkaline phosphatase activity (8.01) and dehydrogenase activity (6.84) showed an increasing treand as compared to uninoculated. The combine application of phosphorus and VAM had more beneficial and significant effect over alone application of P or VAM in improving wheat yield and soil physico chemical and biological properties. VAM has significant effect in improving the availability of micronutrients (especially Zn and Fe), which have antagonistic effect with phosphorus. Soil chemical properties like pH, EC and soil organic carbon were not significantly affected by their combined application. However VAM, significantly improved the soil physico-chemical properties. The maximum value of grain and straw yield was recorded by application of P @60 kg/ha along with VAM inoculation (11.82g/pot), which was found to be at par with grain yield of applied P@45 kg/ha with VAM inoculation (11.74g/pot). Overall it can be concluded that heavy soils applied with 45 kg/ha phosphorus with VAM performed best in respect to yield and improving soil chemical and biological properties of soil.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Economic analysis of production and processing of cluster bean in Southern Haryana.
    (CCSHAU Hisar, 2022-08) Aarti; Aarti; Gulab Singh; Gulab Singh
    The present study was carried out with the objectives to work out costs and returns in cultivation of cluster bean, to study the economics of cluster bean processing units and to identify various constraints faced by farmers and processers in production and processing of cluster bean in Southern Haryana. The study was based on primary data. Bhiwani and Mahendargarh districts were consciously selected based on the highest area under cluster bean from Southern Haryana. From both districts, four blocks (two blocks from each district) were selected purposively i.e., Bahal and Kairu block from Bhiwani district and Kanina and Satnali block from Mahendargarh district. From each selected block, two villages were selected randomly. Finally, 10 farmers were selected randomly from each village and finally 80 farmers from all the selected eight villages were interviewed to gather all the desired information. The per hectare cost of cluster bean cultivation was found to be Rs. 40241 and Rs.44553 in Bhiwani and Mahendargarh district, respectively. On an average, the per hectare yield, gross returns and net returns obtained from the cultivation of cluster bean in Bhiwani district were 10.82 quintals, Rs.49002 and Rs.8758, respectively. The corresponding figures for Mahendargarh district were worked out to be 11.02 quintals, Rs.52732 and Rs.8178, respectively. The B:C ratio and B:C ratio over variable cost cluster bean cultivation was worked out to be 1.21 and 2.34, respectively for Bhiwani & 1.18 and 2.32 for Mahendargarh district. On an average total cost of processing guar into guar gum was worked out to be Rs. 6408.78 per quintal of output. Cluster bean processing plants incurred a profit of Rs.204 per quintal on average basis during the year 2020-21 with gross and net returns of Rs.6484.42 lakh and Rs.200.35 lakh, respectively. The B:C ratio and B:C ratio over variable cost was worked out to be 1.03 and 1.04 for processing units of cluster bean in Southern Haryana. Results of survey undertaken to know the problem faced by the farmers in production and by processors in processing of cluster bean revealed that the problem of weed (Amaranthus sp. and Digera muricata), high cost of labour, high cost of plant protection chemicals, problem of bacterial leaf blight disease, problem of infestation of aphids in the crop, scarcity of labour and non-availability of quality seeds and improved varieties were the serious constraints faced by farmers in the production cluster bean in the study area and inconsistent and insufficient supply of raw material, High cost of fuel, high losses during transport from farm to factory, Shortage of power, Under-utilization of installed capacity and high sales tax and lack of government price polices were the serious constraints faced by the processers in the processing of cluster bean seeds in the study area.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Economic analysis of production and processing of cluster bean in Southern Haryana.
    (CCSHAU Hisar, 2022-08) Aarti; Gulab Singh
    The present study was carried out with the objectives to work out costs and returns in cultivation of cluster bean, to study the economics of cluster bean processing units and to identify various constraints faced by farmers and processers in production and processing of cluster bean in Southern Haryana. The study was based on primary data. Bhiwani and Mahendargarh districts were consciously selected based on the highest area under cluster bean from Southern Haryana. From both districts, four blocks (two blocks from each district) were selected purposively i.e., Bahal and Kairu block from Bhiwani district and Kanina and Satnali block from Mahendargarh district. From each selected block, two villages were selected randomly. Finally, 10 farmers were selected randomly from each village and finally 80 farmers from all the selected eight villages were interviewed to gather all the desired information. The per hectare cost of cluster bean cultivation was found to be Rs. 40241 and Rs.44553 in Bhiwani and Mahendargarh district, respectively. On an average, the per hectare yield, gross returns and net returns obtained from the cultivation of cluster bean in Bhiwani district were 10.82 quintals, Rs.49002 and Rs.8758, respectively. The corresponding figures for Mahendargarh district were worked out to be 11.02 quintals, Rs.52732 and Rs.8178, respectively. The B:C ratio and B:C ratio over variable cost cluster bean cultivation was worked out to be 1.21 and 2.34, respectively for Bhiwani & 1.18 and 2.32 for Mahendargarh district. On an average total cost of processing guar into guar gum was worked out to be Rs. 6408.78 per quintal of output. Cluster bean processing plants incurred a profit of Rs.204 per quintal on average basis during the year 2020-21 with gross and net returns of Rs.6484.42 lakh and Rs.200.35 lakh, respectively. The B:C ratio and B:C ratio over variable cost was worked out to be 1.03 and 1.04 for processing units of cluster bean in Southern Haryana. Results of survey undertaken to know the problem faced by the farmers in production and by processors in processing of cluster bean revealed that the problem of weed (Amaranthus sp. and Digera muricata), high cost of labour, high cost of plant protection chemicals, problem of bacterial leaf blight disease, problem of infestation of aphids in the crop, scarcity of labour and non-availability of quality seeds and improved varieties were the serious constraints faced by farmers in the production cluster bean in the study area and inconsistent and insufficient supply of raw material, High cost of fuel, high losses during transport from farm to factory, Shortage of power, Under-utilization of installed capacity and high sales tax and lack of government price polices were the serious constraints faced by the processers in the processing of cluster bean seeds in the study area.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on insect pest complex of guava (Psidium guajava L.) with special reference to Bactrocera spp.
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2021-08) Aarti; Ram Karan
    The studies entitled “Insect pest complex of guava (Psidium guajava L.) with special reference to Bactrocera spp.” were carried out during 2020-21 at guava orchard of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Regional Research Station (RRS), Bawal. Population dynamics of insect pest; incidence of fruit flies, fruit borer, bark eating caterpillar, red banded thrips and mealy bug was recorded. The first appearance of fruit fly was recorded in 16th standard meteorological week (SMW), 2020 and maximum fruit fly (132/trap/week) were recorded during 35th SMW, while fruit infestation by fruit fly was initially noticed during 25th SMW, 2020 and peak fruit infestation (75.0%) was recorded during 35th SMW. The castor capsule borer infestation was noticed in 28th SMW and maximum fruit infestation (12.0%) was during 43rd SMW. The castor capsule borer was not appeared during hasth bahar fruiting season. The first symptoms of bark eating caterpillar infestation recorded on 2nd fortnight of April, 2020 and maximum plant infestation (70.0%) with active holes 6.00 leaded to index of incidence 4.2 recorded on 2nd fortnight of August. There was no further increase in infestation of bark eating caterpillar after September. The first appearance of red banded thrips was recorded in 19th SMW, 2020 and maximum population (24.0/5apical shoots) recorded during 26th and 27th SMW. The maximum population of mealy bug (34.0/5apical shoots) recorded during 26th SMW. In correlation studies minimum temperature, relative humidity shows a highly significant and positive effect on all the insects. Two species of fruit fly, namely Bactrocera dorsalis and Bactrocera zonata were found in guava orchard. The maximum population of both species were found in 35th SMW, while B. dorsalis (55.13%) was dominant over B. zonata (44.87%). Maximum number of pupae were found in the 2nd fortnight of August and their viability was maximum in the 1st fortnight of July. The varietal/germplasms screening revealed that among the six varieties/germplasms screened, the susceptibility against fruit fly was maximum in Banarsi Surkha sequentially followed by L-49, Hisar Surkha, Allahabadi Safeda, Hisar Safeda and Desi. The correlation studies of physical traits showed that fruit firmness have highly significant and negative impact on fruit fly infestation while fruit weight, fruit size are positively related. The correlation studies of biochemical traits such as TSS, Vitamin C and total phenol showed highly significant and positive effect on fruit fly infestation, while acidity showed negative effect on fruit fly infestation. An analysis of all the parameters revealed that no single factor governed the fruit fly infestation independently and that the level of infestation was the result of the combined effects of all the factors.