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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar

Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.

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2010 - 20138
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Subject: Zoology × End date: 2014 × Start date: 2010 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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Now showing 1 - 8 of 8
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Molecular characterization of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) vuillemin and its bioefficacy against Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)
    (CCSHAU, 2011) Geroh, Monika; Gulati, Rachna
    Investigations were carried out to assess the pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana against Tetranychus urticae on okra. Molecular characterization of six strains of B. bassiana was done by RAPD- PCR to know the genetic similarity among them. The yield of genomic DNA of B. bassiana was higher in Lysis Buffer method (2.10 to 10.50μg/ ml) as compared to CTAB method (2.34 to 7.10μg/ ml). Absorbance ratio of all strains varied from 1.60 to 2.20. Eleven random primers generated 19 (82.16%) polymorphic and 4 (17.39%) monomorphic bands. The size of PCR amplified products ranged from 500 to 4000 bp. The genetic similarity of the strains varied from 50 to 70 percent. Under in vitro 42 to 94 and 34.1 to 66.25 percent mortality of T. urticae was recorded in Direct Spray and Treated Food Bioassay, respectively with 1 × 105 to 1 × 1012 conidia ml-1 conecntrations of B. bassiana. LC50 values of B. bassiana were in the range of 3 × 105 to 2.6 × 1011 conidia ml-1 and LT50 values varied from 52.12 to 141.53 h for eggs, larvae, nymphs and adults in both the bioassay methods. Direct Spray Bioassay was more effective as compared to Treated Food Bioassay. Under field conditions, the percent reduction in T. urticae was from 51.03 to 65.18 percent with all the strains. Hb- Hyderabad (65.18%), was the most potent in reducing the mite population followed by ITCC- 4668 (62.36%), ITCC- 5408 (58.55%), ITCC- 6063 (54.61%), ITCC- 5549 (52.48%) and ITCC- 4513 (51.03%). There was no effect of B. bassiana spray S. punctillum population as their numbers in B. bassiana (strain Hb- Hyderabad) treatments (1.43 beetles/ leaf) and control (1.17 beetles/ leaf) were statistically comparable. Higher yield of okra fruits was recorded in B. bassiana treated plots (581.43 g/ plot) as compared to untreated plots (577.66 g/ plot). The Chlorophyll content was also higher in B. bassiana treated leaves (0.289 to 0.492 μg/ ml) as compared to untreated plots (0.166 μg/ ml).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on the pollination mechanisms in different varieties of plum (Prunus domestica L.)
    (CCSHAU, 2011) Nidhi; Sihag, R.C.
    Insects are associated with flowering plants since their evolution on the earth. While some of them act as their pests, others are either pollinators or parasites and predators of the pests. Although a variety of insects frequent the entomophilous (insect pollinated) crop blossoms for their food rewards (nectar and pollen), only bees belonging to the genus Apis outnumber others and are efficient pollinators. Plums are richest sourse of antioxidants, they provide protection against diseases. The study was made on floral biology and phenology, diversity, relative abundance and pollinating efficiencies of insects visiting the blossoms of three different varieties of plum and the role of different modes of pollination in fruit set of the three varities of plum. Flowering habit of all the three varieties of this study viz. Alu Bokhara, Titron and Kala-Amritsari was similar. Floral structure was studied under dissecting microscope revealed the presence of perigynous condition in the flowers of plum. Abundance of insect visitors studied at hourly and weekly intervals which was maximum during peak flowering period of this plant. Twelve insect species visited the crop of plum; out of these five species i.e. Apis dorsata, A.mellifera, A.florea, A.cerana and Dipterans were the main pollinators.Among the hymenopterous insects, Apis.mellifera visited maximum number of flower per minute, followed by A.cerana, A.dorsata, A.florea and Dipterans Among all the insect visitors, Apis dorsata remained active for the longest duration on plum flower followed by, A.mellifera, A.cerana A.florea and Dipterans respectively. Out of the three varieties Titron was the most prefered variety by the insect visitors followed by Kala-Amritsari and Alu-Bokhara.Pollinating efficiencies of the pollinators were derived on the basis of their abundance, foraging rate, mean activity duration and loose pollen grains on the body of insect. Among the five insect pollinators Apis dorsata came out to be on the first place and seemed to be the best pollinator of this crop .Other pollinators with relatively lower ranking in descending order of pollinating efficiency were A.mellifera, A.cerana A.florea.Studies on fruit set parameters revealed that plum flowers were highly benefited from insect visits, and insect pollination greatly enhanced its fruit set. Crop without insects produced very low fruit set. It was further revealed that plum is a cross-pollinated and entomophilous plant.The structure shape and fertility status of the flower clearly revealed that it has honeybee pollinated flowers and mellitophily pollination syndrome existed in plum.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on the pollination mechanisms in different varieties of amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.)
    (CCSHAU, 2011) Saini, Reena; Sihag, R.C
    Amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) is an important minor fruit crop of India from the family Euphorbiaceae. It is known for its highly nutritious and tremendous medicinal value. The present study was made on the floral biology and pollination ecology of this plant. Three varieties of amla viz. Chakaiya, NA-7 and NA-10 were selected for this study. Floral structure of the three varieties revealed that amla consisted of unisexual, minute flowers with monoadelphous stamen and a hypogynous ovary. The sex ratio varied highly in three varieties and was 58.95:1 (male:female flowers) for NA-7, 60.33:1 for Chakaiya and 88.21:1 for NA-10. All the three varieties of amla blossomed during March- April in 2009 and 2010 and the flowering period persisted for a month. Twelve insect species from different orders visited the flowers of amla on all the three varieties in 2009 and 2010 and the major insect visitors included the hymenopterans namely Apis dorsata, Apis mellifera and Apis florea and a dipteran Sarcophaga. The rest of the insect visitors which included a wasp (Polistes hebraeus), a bee (Halictus sp.), flies (Eristalis sp., Episyrphus sp., Syrphus sp., Syritta sp.) and a butterfly (Psichotoe duvauceli) were clubbed under “other insect pollinators.” Abundance of insect visitors was studied at one and a half hour and weekly intervals and it was maximum during peak flowering period of this plant. The insect visitors predominately made more visits on male flowers than on female flowers as the male flowers were the richest source of pollen and the nectar was scarce in female flowers. Apis dorsata had the highest foraging rate followed by Apis mellifera, Apis florea, Sarcophaga sp. and other insect pollinators. Among all the insect visitors, Apis dorsata remained active for the longest duration on amla flower in all the three varieties. The abundance and the activity duration of insect visitors was maximum on NA-7 followed by Chakaiya and NA-10. Pollinating efficiencies of the pollinators were derived on the basis of their abundance, foraging rate, mean activity duration and loose pollen grains on the bodies of different insect pollinators. Among the five insect pollinators Apis dorsata was found to be the most efficient pollinator of this crop followed by Apis mellifera, Apis florea, Sarcophaga sp. and other insect pollinators on all the three varieties in 2009 and 2010. Studies on yield parameters revealed that amla flowers were highly benefited from insect visits and insect pollination greatly enhanced its fruit yield. It was further revealed that amla is a cross-pollinated and entomophilous plant.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    To study the seasonal variation in growth, reproduction and vermicomposting efficiency of different earthworm species
    (CCSHAU, 2012) ANAND KUMAR; Sabhlok, V.P.
    Vermicomposting is a simple biotechnological process of composting, in which certain species of earthworms are used to enhance the process of waste conversion and produce a better end product. It is a mesophilic process, utilizing microorganisms and earthworms that are active at 10–32°C. The resulting vermicompost has been shown to have several positive impacts on plant growth and health. This organic fertilizer is therefore increasingly considered in agricultureand horticulture as a promising alternative to inorganic fertilizers and/or peat in greenhouse potting media. In presentstudies the direct and indirect effects of vermicompost on plant growth, as well as variability in the plant responses, were examined in pot experiment with chili, brinjal, okra, turnip and radish. Total five growth and yield parameters were recorded viz. height of plants, diameter of main stem, dry weight of whole plant (except fruit and roots), number of fruits per plant and total weight of fruits/seeds per plant and found better results. The effect of seasonal variation on the growth and reproduction was observed on different species of earthworms. The maximum numbers of cocoons, adults were recorded in E. fetida than P. excavatus and E. eugeniae. The rainy season was found to be better for the cocoon production and adult’s earthworm production in all the species as compared to the winter and summer seasons. The weight gain was recorded to be maximum i.e 1.90gm in case of E. eugeniaein rainy season and maximum length was 8.10cm in case of E. eugeniae as compared to E. fetidaand P. excavatus in rainy season. In present studies vermicompost was prepared from different agricultural wastes like wheat straw, millet straw, pulse brawn and mustard straw and were used as substrates for vermicomposting with a time interval at 0 day, 30 days, 60 days and 90 days. The changes in the micronutrients like nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, organic carban, and C: N ratio was observed. In different agricultural wastes different changes in nutrients were found. It was found that nitrogen% in wheat straw:cow dung (in ratio 1:5) was found to be maximum i.e. 1.74%, in mustard straw 1.80%, in pulse brawn 1.91%, in millet straw 1.86%, in cow dung as control the nitrogen % was found to be 1.30% after 90 days. Potassium % was found to be 1.72% in wheat straw. In mustard it was 2.05%, in pulse brawn potassium % it was 1.53%, in millet straw it was observed to be 1.63% and in cow dung potassium % was found to be 1.07% after 90 days. Phosphorus wasfound to be maximum in wheat straw waste mixture. It was found to be maximum i.e 2.09% as compared to other wastes. The organic carban and C: N ratio was decreased in percentage after time interval during vermicomposting. In experiment I (2009- 2010) and II (2010- 2011). There were similar trend resuts were observed.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Hematological, Biochemical And Immunological Changes In Common Carp (Cyprinus Carpio L.) Following Aeromonas
    (Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University; Hisar, 2010) Ravi Kant; Sihag, R C
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    To Study The Seasonal Variation In Growth, Reproduction And Vermicomposting Efficiency Of Different Earthworm Species
    (Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, College Of Basic Sciences And Humanities : Hisar, 2012) Kumar, Anand; Sabhlok, V. P.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Damage potential of tetranychus urticae koch and its management in cucumis sativus linnaeus
    (CCSHAU, 2013) Kanika; Gulati, Rachna
    Studies on the seasonal incidence of Tetranychus urticae on cucumber revealed that mite attacked cucumber during summer months. Peak in T. urticae population was observed during first fortnight of August, 2011 (11.29 mites/sq cm leaf) and second fortnight of May, 2012 (9.71 mites/ sq cm leaf) under screen house conditions. Under field conditions, mite population peaked in the first week of August, 2011 (11.97 mites/ sq. cm leaf) and last week of May, 2012 (11.64 mites/ sq. cm leaf). Stage wise, grown up leaves harboured statistically higher number of mites as compared to tender and older leaves, both under screen house and field conditions. Among abiotic factors, T. urticae population showed positive correlation with maximum and minimum temperature, rainfall and wind velocity and negative correlation with relative humidity under screen house conditions. Under field conditions, T. urticae population was positively correlated with wind velocity. During 2012, it was negatively correlated with relative humidity and positively with maximum temperature. Investigations were carried out to access the damage potential of T. urticae at different initial infestation densities. Among the parameters recorded, population build up of mite, number of chlorotic patches on cucumber leaves, reducing sugars and stress measures (proline and total phenols) significantly increased in proportion to initial inoculation level as compared to control. Additionally, fruit number, length, width and weight, photosynthetic pigments (total chlorophylls, Chlorophyll-a, b, carotenoids), total sugars, non reducing sugars and mineral content (nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus) significantly decreased in response to varying initial inoculums of T. urticae as compared to control during 60 day study period. Under field conditions, highest reduction in T. urticae population was achieved with Omite (0.05%) followed by Nimbecidine (5ml/l), B. bassiana (1010 spores ml-1), Withania (7.5%), B. bassiana (108 spores ml-1), Liquorice (7.5%), Liquorice (5%), Liquorice (2.5%), Withania (5%) and Withania (2.5%). Higher yield of cucumber fruits was recorded in all the treatments as compared to control. In terms of percent increase in yield, omite caused highest increase (23.65% over control) followed by Nimbecidine, B. bassiana (1010 spores/ ml), Withania (7.5%), B. bassiana (108 spores/ ml), Liquorice (7.5%), Withania (5%), Liquorice (5%), Liquorice (2.5%), and Withania (2.5%) showing 13.97, 11.82, 10.75, 8.67, 8.67, 8.6, 6.76, 6.48 and 6.45 percent increase over control, respectively.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Characterization Of Pathogenic Bacteria Of Fresh Water Prawn, Macrobrachium Rosenbergii And Their Control Using Probiotics And Antibiotics
    (Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University; Hisar, 2010) Jakhar, Vijayanti; Sihag, R C