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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar
Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.
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ThesisItem Open Access Effect of packaging materials and post-harvest essential oil treatments on the storage behavior of potato cultivars(CCSHAU, 2018) Archana Rani; Bhatia, A.K.The present investigation entitled “Effect of packaging materials and post-harvest essential oil treatments on the storage behaviour of potato cultivars” was carried out in Post-Harvest Laboratory of the Department of Horticulture Sciences, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during the year 2015-16 and 2016-17. The four potato varieties, i.e., Kufri Bahar, Kufri Sadabahar, Kufri Surya and Kufri Pushkar were packed in gunny bags, nylon netted bag, cotton bag, polyethylene bag (LDPE) and plastic crates in all the possible combinations under ambient conditions in first experiment. Under second experiment four types of sprout suppressant i.e., clove oil, mint oil, neem oil and tea tree oil with their three concentration i.e., 10 ml/litre, 15 ml/litre and 20 ml/litre were applied on potato tubers cv. Kufri Pushkar and stored in cardboard boxes for various parameters. The loss in weight of tubers due to physiological activities, decaying and sprouting increased with the increase in storage period. Dry matter content and specific gravity, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugar and total sugars also increased with increasing storage period. There was a marked reduction in phenol, ascorbic acid and starch content of potato tubers during storage up to the end of the experiment. Among the packaging materials, plastic crates showed the highest PLW (19.0 and 18.2%), whereas, LDPE bags the lowest (13.3 and 12.5%), decay loss was noticed highest in LDPE bags (49.7 and 47.7%) followed by cotton bags (36.4 and 38.1%) and sprouting loss was observed highest in plastic crates (83.3 and 15.0%), whereas, lowest in LDPE bags (55.1 and 7.2%) on 90th day of storage during first and second trial, respectively. Specific gravity showed non-significant difference with respect to packaging material but all the varieties showed their significant difference. LDPE bags showed highest value for ascorbic acid (14.54 and 16.21mg), phenols (26.57 and 25.93 mg) and dry matter (17.11 and 17.09%), whereas, plastic crates showed lowest value for ascorbic acid (11.79 and 10.96 mg), phenols (17.33 and 18.15 mg) and dry matter (16.12 and 15.77%) at the end of storage period in both year of storage study. Among the varieties, PLW was recorded highest in Kufri Bahar (16.97 and 15.54%), whereas, lowest in Kufri Pushkar (14.29 and 13.65%), decay loss was maximum in Kufri Pushkar (47.2 and 46.4%) while, minimum in Kufri Kufri Sadabahr (19.4 and 19.7%). So, far the variety is concerned, Kufri Sadabahar and among packaging materials, gunny bags followed by nylon netted bags showed overall better performance and Kufri Pushkar showed poor storage life. Amongst sprout suppressant, clove showed minimum PLW (8.13 and 7.79%), while, mint oil maximum (10.09 and 9.76%), tea tree oil showed lowest decay loss (31.62 and 28.31%), whereas, mint oil showed highest (37.47 and 37.41%). So far general appearance, tubers with different sprout suppressant showed sounded tubers than potato tubers under absolute control. Among anti sprouting agents, clove oil was significantly better while, among concentration, C2 and C3 showed better results for all the recorded parameters.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of low plastic tunnels, transplanting dates and mulching on yield and quality of tomato(CCSHAU, 2018) Ansul; Batra, V.K.The present investigation entitled “Effect of low plastic tunnel, transplanting dates and mulching on yield and quality of tomato production”was conducted at Research Farm, Department of Vegetable Science and Laboratory work was carried out at Department of Biochemistry, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during Rabi of 2014-15 and 2015-16. A field experimentcomprising of two types of tunnels i.e. low tunnel and without tunnel, three dates of transplanting (30th November, 20th December, 10th January,) and three types of mulching materials (black polyethylene, white polythene and control) were laid out in three factorial RBD design with three replications, thus making a total of eighteen treatment combinations, from the various parameters. The results of the study clearly indicated that the plant height and number of branches plant-1 were recorded significantly higher when seedlings were transplanted on 20th December under plastic low tunnel with black polyethylene as mulching material. The minimum number of days to 50% flowering and days to first harvesting were observed in case where the crop transplanted on 10th January under low tunnel using black polyethylene mulch. The maximum number of days taken to last harvesting was recorded when seedlings were transplanted on 30th November under low tunnel with black polyethylene mulch. Moreover, the number of flower per inflorescence, number of inflorescence plant-1, fruits plant-1, fruit weight and early fruit yield q/ha and marketable fruit yield q/ha was recorded maximum under plastic low tunnel when the crop was transplanted on 20th December with black polyethylene mulch while minimum unmarketable yield was observed when seedlings were transplanted under plastic low tunnel on 30th November using black polyethylene as mulch. When the crop was transplanted on 30th November under plastic low tunnel with black polyethylene mulch recorded the minimum weed intensity and dry weight at harvesting stage. In case of qualitative parameters, significantly higher pericarp thickness, acidity, ascorbic acid content and total soluble solids were recorded in the treatment where the seedlings were transplanted on 30th November under plastic low tunnel with black polyethylene as mulch and it was observed that all the qualitative characteristics of the crop (pericarp thickness, acidity, ascorbic acid and total soluble solids) were significantly decreased with delay in planting while the maximum fruit firmness was recorded when tomato seedlings were transplanted on 20th December under low plastic tunnel using black polyethylene as mulching material.The economics of various treatments with benefit to cost ratio and net return was also calculated and the maximum benefit to cost ratio (2.17: 1) and net return (Rs. 278388/ ha) was obtained from tomato crop transplanted 20th December under plastic low tunnel with black polyethylene mulch. From the study, it is concluded that the tomato crop planted on 20th December under low tunnel using black polyethylene as mulching material gave the best results.ThesisItem Open Access Genetic divergence and seed vigour studies in fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)(CCSHAU, 2018) Ravi Kumar, Telugu; Tehlan, S.K.The present investigation “Genetic divergence and seed vigour studies in fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)” evaluated that 50 genotypes of fennel to determine divergence for yield and its components traits. All the genotypes were also studied to know the seed vigour assessment. The study revealed that mean sum of squares due to genotypes was significant for all the quantitative characters indicating the presence of based on sufficient amount of variation. The analysis based on Mahalnobis D2 statistics the genotypes were grouped in to VIII clusters. Cluster I was having highest number of genotypes and it was followed by clusters IV, III and VI. Based on Tocher‟s method genotypes were grouped into VIII distinct clusters. The distances were significant difference which helps for maximum genetic segregation and genetic recombination for crosses as well as obtaining heterotic response in breeding program for improving yield and its related traits. The analysis of genotypic as well as phenotypic correlations revealed that, the seed yield had positive correlation with plant height, primary branches per plant, secondary branches per plant, umbels per plant, umbellates per umbel, seeds per umbellate, seeds per umbel, seed yield, harvest index, test weight, except days to 50% flowering. Thus selection for these traits should be worked to enhance the yield. Path coefficient analysis revealed high positive direct effect of seed yield per plant, umbels per plant, test weight, seeds per umbel, seeds per umbellate, umbellates per umbel, biological yield per plant and harvest index on seed yield. Therefore simultaneous selection for these traits is suggested for improvement of seed yield in fennel. Maximum vigour potential was shown by HF-171, genotype that showed superiority for almost all vigour parameters. Standard germination, vigour indices and accelerated ageing test were found to be the most suitable predictions for field establishment in fennel.ThesisItem Open Access Inheritance of growth and yield traits in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench(CCSHAU, 2018) Mekala, Srikanth; Dhankhar, S.K.A field experiment was carried out at Research Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University for growth, yield traits and YVMV resistance. Four F1 hybrids namely, Hisar Naveen x Varsha Uphar, HB 25-2 x HB-32, HB-40 x HB-27 and HB-1157 x Pusa Sawani, hybrids along with their respective parents were sown during spring-summer 2016 to produce the seeds of F2, back crosses (B1 and B2) and fresh seeds of parents and F1 for evaluation. Six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, B1 and B2) of four crosses were sown during Kharif 2016 in Compact Family Block Design to evaluate them for growth, yield, its traits and resistance to YVMV. The data collected from evaluation of six generations of four crosses were subjected to statistical analysis of correlation, path analysis and generation mean analysis. Study on association of traits revealed that selection for branches per plant, plant height, fruit weight, fruit length and number of fruits could improve the fruit yield per plant. Based on gene action studies in all the crosses dominance gene effects were greater than additive effects except in HB-40 x HB-27 cross additive gene effects were greater than dominance gene effects. Therefore, improvement in these crosses viz., Hisar Naveen x Varsha Uphar, HB 25-2 x HB-32 and HB-1157 x Pusa Sawani may be carried out in the later generations after reduction of non-additive components for yield and yield contributing traits. Breeding line HB-1157 was found resistant against the YVMV disease. Qualitative analysis for YVMV resistance using goodness of fit showed that the resistance to YVMV was governed by single dominant gene in HB-1157.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of high RSC water, FYM and gypsum on seed production in carrot (Daucus carota L.)(CCSHAU, 2018) Amit Kumar; Batra, V.K.The experiment entitled “Effect of high RSC water, FYM and gypsum on seed production in carrot (Daucus carota L.)” was conducted at Research Farm, Department of vegetable science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2015-16 and 2016-17 to find out the effect of high RSC water, FYM and gypsum on growth, seed yield and seed quality parameters of carrot as well as on economics of different treatments. The cultivar used for the investigation was Hisar Gairic. The treatments comprising three levels of FYM (0, 10 and 20 t/ha) and gypsum (0, 50 and 100% neutralization of RSC) and its combinations were laid out in a factorial randomized block design with three replications keeping a net plot size of 3.0 x 3.0 m. The data were recorded on various parameters, which were influenced by different levels of gypsum and FYM. The minimum values for plant height ,number of branches per plant, number of different order umbels, seed yield, biological yield, harvest index, test weight, standard germination per cent and vigour index while maximum values for ESP and soil pH were recorded in control (F0G0). The maximum values for growth, seed yield, seed quality and minimum for soil pH and ESP were recorded with combination of FYM at 20 t/ha and 100% neutralization of RSC by gypsum in both the years. Highest net return and benefit: cost ratio was recorded in combination of FYM at 20 t/ha and 100% neutralization of RSC by gypsum. The results suggest that the combination of FYM at 20 t/ha and 100% neutralization of RSC by gypsum has shown the best economical treatment in carrot for higher seed yield with quality seed production at commercial scale under semi-arid condition of Hisar (Haryana).ThesisItem Open Access Genetics of yellow vein mosaic virus resistance, morphological and yield traits in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench)(CCSHAU, 2018) Bharathkumar M V; Dahiya, M.S.A field experiment was carried out at at Research Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University by screening a set of okra breeding lines and varieties during Kharif 2015 under natural incidence of okra yellow vein mosaic virus (YVMV). Breeding lines HBT 12 and HB 1157 were found resistant against the disease while MR 41 and HBT 24 were most susceptible to YVMV. Crosses were made among these parental lines in resistant × susceptible fashion to develop four F1 hybrids namely, HBT 12 × MR 41, HBT 12 × HBT 24, HB 1157 × MR 41 and HB 1157 × HBT 24. These hybrids along with their respective parents were sown during spring-summer 2016 to produce the seeds of F2, back crosses (B1 and B2) and fresh seeds of parents and F1 for evaluation. Six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, B1 and B2) of four crosses were sown during Kharif 2016 in Compact Family Block Design to evaluate them for YVMV resistance, morphological and yield contributing traits and thereby to study the genetic control of them in the parental line. The data collected from evaluation of six generations of four crosses were subjected to statistical analysis of correlation, path analysis and generation mean analysis. Study on association of traits revealed that selection for number of fruits, plant height, average fruit weight, fruit length and number of branches could improve the fruit yield per plant. Qualitative analysis for YVMV resistance using goodness of fit showed that the resistance to YVMV was governed by two complementary genes in HBT 12, while a single dominant gene controls the resistance in HB 1157. Fruit yield per plant was complex in gene action with most of the crosses expressing complementary gene action.ThesisItem Open Access Genetic divergence and stability studies in fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)(CCSHAU, 2018) Yadav, Preeti; Tehlan, S.KAn investigation entitled “Genetic Divergence and Stability Studies in Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)” was carried out with sixty genotypes during Rabi season of 2015-16 & 2016-17 at Vegetable Research Farm, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. The Crop was planted on six dates of sowing as the test environments. The analysis of variance of the twelve characters recorded significant genotypic differences in all the six environments. This variation was amply demonstrated by the estimates of variability parameters and close relationships between phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation in most of the characters studied. High heritability and high GCV were observed for seed yield, pods per plant and plant height shows additive gene action. On the basis of D2 values, genotypes were classified into eight clusters and results revealed that there was no association between clustering pattern and eco-geographical distribution of genotypes. Traits seed yield, seed vigour-II, pods per plant and seed germination contributed maximum toward the divergence. The genotypes of cluster VIII showed maximum genetic distance with cluster IV, III and II and genotypes of these clusters may be selected for hybridization for generating genetic variability. The joint regression analysis for G x E interaction exhibited significant variances due to environments and their interaction and subsequent breakup of G x E interaction indicated the importance of both linear and non-linear components. Genotype differed in performance, stability behaviour and response to change in environments, whereby no single genotype was found outstandingly stable for all the characters studied. The sixty genotypes were categorized for poor, average and better environments. The high performing and stable genotype HM-346-1, HM 444, AM 300 and AM 301 was responsive to better environment; RM 191 to the poor environment; HM 355, AM 304, NDM 67 and NDM 74 to average environment. Likewise, other promising genotypes HM 57, HM 346, NDM 61, JFg 13, HM 273 and RM 18 were also suggested to be exploited through hybridization or other breeding approaches so that production potential of fenugreek could be improved.