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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar
Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.
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ThesisItem Open Access Socio-economic problems of women labourers of rural and urban communities(CCSHAU, 2019) Radhika; Kathpalia, JateshAgriculture, the single largest production endeavour in India, contributing about 18 per cent of GDP, is increasingly becoming a female activity. Women labourers play a crucial role in agriculture activities like main crop production, livestock production, horticulture, post-harvest operations etc. In spite of these, they face a number of problems such as exploitation, long working hours, unhealthy working conditions, insecurity of job, low wages, absence of decision making, male dominating society etc. Similarly the women labourers working in unorganized sector especially in urban areas are engaged in activities like domestic work, construction work, small trade brick making, coir and basket weaving, household industries etc. and they also face same types of problems. Keeping in view the above socio-economic and psychological problems and factors affecting socio-economics problems, this present study was conducted among 120 women labourers in rural and urban communities of Hisar district of Haryana The results revealed that majority of the respondents were in the age group of 20-35 years, belonged to scheduled caste, had nuclear families and were agricultural labours in rural areas and construction labourers in urban areas. Maximum number of the respondents from rural and urban areas had high level of social, economic and psychological problems. Regarding socio-economic problems and factors associated, it was found that caste, education, occupation of the family, income and socio-economic status were significantly associated with problems of respondents. Study revealed that majority of the respondents were not awared about minimum wages act, anti-dowry act, divorce act, maternity benefit act, child marriage act, untouchability act, Janni Suraksha Yojna act in both rural and urban areas. Therefore, gender discrimination should be removed in regards to payment of wages to the women labourers. Women should be awared regarding acts and laws through different trainings and campaigns. Moreover, there is a need to change the attitude of men towards roles and duties of women. In this way, this study will help the policy makers, planner, researcher and agriculturist in making policies which will benefit the women labourers in long run.ThesisItem Open Access Activities and Performances of Gram Panchayat: A Sociological Study(CCSHAU, 2019) Ramfal; Subhash ChanderLocal government has been a vital and dynamic identity of the Indian villages since the written history, but the concept of Panchayati Raj is a new phenomenon. In India, the Panchayati Raj now functions as a system of governance in which Gram Panchayats are the basic units of local administration. There are total 2,62,547 PRIs in the country in which 2,55,576 Gram Panchayats, 6354 Block Panchayats and 617 District Panchayats. Haryana state is divided into 6 revenue divisions, 22 districts, 140 blocks, 6,754 villages and 6,083 village Panchayats. There are total 6,083 Sarpanches in which 3,264 male and 1,587 are female elected representatives from General Caste and 7,97 male and 4,35 female elected representatives from Sceduled Caste in these Gram Panchayats. From total 6.083 Sarpanches 1,232 are from Scheduled Class and 1,232 women. Highest number of Sarpanches is from Bhiwani district (461) and lowest from Faridabad (111) Therefore, comprehensive study was conducted in Haryana state with following pecific objectives: (1) To assess the working and performance of Gram Panchayat, (2) To delineate between socio-economic variables affecting the working of Gram Panchayat and (3)To suggest the measures for better performance of Gram Panchayat. The sample of 120 elected representyatives of Gram Panchayat was selected from 9 villages from two districts, namely, Hisar and Kurukshetra through systemic random sampling techniques. Data were collected through interview Scheduled and analyzed with suitable descriptive statistical techniques. Analysis clearly revealed that nearly three forth of the respondents (71.67%) attended the training regarding Gram Panchayat. More than three-fourth of the respondents (79.17%) were satisfied from funds collection activities. Contrary to that, nearly three fourth of the respondents (74.17%) were not satisfied with budget submitted to Gram Sabha. Overwhelming majority of the respondents (89.17%) were not satisfied from library development activities followed by medical facilities (88.33%) and control of water pollution. Overwhelming majority of the respondents (82.50%) were not satisfied with development of fisheries. Analysis revealed that Caste, occupation, education, income and socio-economic status of the respondent were found significantly associated with performance of administrative activities. On the other hand, age, gender, size of family, types of family, landholding, social participation and mass-media exposure of the respondents were not found significantly associated with performances of administrative activities. Approximately same trend was found in another activities namely educational and entertainment, construction and maintenance, drinking water supply, agricultural and allied and sanitation works. Thus, we can conclude that sampled Gram Panchayat made efforts regarding Panchayat activities yet more is required to be done regarding Panchayat activities. It was also suggested that there should be focus on all issues of weaker section especially women representatives, such as land right, child labour, payment of minimum wages. Government should examine the functioning and participation level from time to time. Corruption is all pervasive in all official dealings. To minimize the corruption, efforts should be made.ThesisItem Open Access Non-Institutional loans among farmers of Haryana – A sociological analysis(CCSHAU, 2019) Anita Rani; Subhash ChanderRural indebtedness has deep roots in India. The mounting burden of rural non-institutional debt has crippled the rural economy. It has constituted a serious threat to economic, social and political problems for the Indian economy. The study of outstanding debt, particular debt owned to different non-institutional sources, assumes special significance in the context of the measures being taken to relieve the rural farmers from the burden of debt owed to the non-institutional sources. It is well-known that a farmer is required to borrow for a variety of reasons to satisfy his immediate needs. The study was conducted in Hisar and Sirsa districts of Haryana on 120 respondents. Four villages were selected randomly from Barwala and Sirsa-1 blocks of Hisar and Sirsa districts with following objective : 1. to assess the nature, extent and sources of non-institutional loans among farmers 2. toanalyze the utilization and repayment pattern of non-institutional loans and 3. to examine the socio-economic and psychological problems faced by farmers. The results of the study revealed that nearly three-fifth of respondents (58.33%) took the loan for increasing the crop production i.e. taking land on lease, land development, purchasing of pesticides and seeds, etc. Three-fourth of the respondents (75.00%) took the non-institutional amount of loan from traders and commission agents at 24.00 per cent rate of interest. On an average, amount of non-institutional loan taken by the respondents from non-institutional sources came out to be Rs. 83,138. Nearly half of the respondents (49.17%) repaid regularly. On the other hand, 10.0 per cent respondents did not repay the loan at all. Overwhelming majority of the respondents (81.67%) utilized the loan for the purpose for which they have taken the loan. Many respondents faced the problems before and after taking the non-institutional amount of loan i.e. decline of income, psychological stress, low agricultural production, problem of over dues, high incidence of anxiety, sleep disturbance and laziness etc. The indebted respondents did not repay due to medical treatment of family members/relatives, low income, crop failure, low yield and money invested on unproductive purposes, etc. It was also suggested that respondents should be motivated to reduce the expenditure on social ceremonies. They should be encouraged to diversify their agricultural economic activities.ThesisItem Open Access Gender Analysis of School Dropouts - A Sociological Study(CCSHAU, 2019) Sushil Kumar; Subhash ChanderAs per 2011census, literacy rate in India was 74.04 per cent. The female literacy rate is 65.46 per cent whereas the male literacy rate was over 80 per cent . Literacy rate in Haryana was 76.6 per cent as per 2011 census, out of which maximum literacy was in the district of Gurgaon (84.4%) and the lowest in district of Mewat (56.1%). The national dropout rate at the primary level was 4.34 per cent in 2014-15, and it was even higher at the secondary level at 17.86 per cent.The study was conducted in Siswal and Jakhod Khera villages of Haryana with following specific objectives : (1) To investigate the extent of school dropout at various level, (2) To identify the causes of school dropout and (3) To delineate the socio-economic factors associated with school dropout. It was found from the field of study that boy‟s enrolment in schools was found high than girls. It was reported that nearly one-fifth of the boy respondents (18.96%) dropped out in 11th class, while one-fifth of the girl respondents (17.89%) dropped out in 10th class. Nearly three-fourth of the respondents (71.66%) dropped out from government schools in comparison to respondents (28.33%) dropped out from private schools in both the villages. Seventy five per cent boy respondents perceived lack of interest in study as the main reason of dropping out followed by household responsibility (71.66%) and farm work and labor (61.67%). Among girl respondents, 78.33 per cent perceived household responsibility (73.33%) as the main reason of dropping out followed by lack of awareness about the facilities provided by the government (78.33%) and illiteracy and ignorance of the parents (68.33%). Maximum number of the respondents (43.33%) dropped out due to failure in the previous class. Lack of interest in study (74.17%) was the main reason for dropping out as perceived by the parents followed by need for assistance of child in domestic and farm work (60.83%).Age, caste, types of family, father education, mother education, family occupation, respondents‟ occupation, family annual income, landholding, socio-economic status, social participation, mass media exposure and extension contacts were found significantly associated with level of dropout . Contrary to that, size of family, respondent‟s annual income and respondent‟s occupation were not found significantly associated with level of dropout. It was concluded that girl dropout was more than boys in the field of the study. It was also suggested that sufficient numbers of trained and motivated teachers were needed in rural school and to make the schools more interesting place for children. Co-curricular activities needed special attention.ThesisItem Open Access A study on health problems of rural women and their socio-economic determinants(CCSHAU, 2019) Harvinder Kaur; Vinod KumariHealth is a main determinant of human development as it has socio-economic relationship with the quality of life. The right of health is the most basic of all human rights. The present study was conducted in Haryana state with the following specific objectives: (i) To study the nature of health problems faced by rural women. (ii) To assess the knowledge level of women about various health aspects. (iii) To delineate the social, economic and psychological factors affecting women‟s health. The sample of 120 respondents was selected from two villages i.e. Kanhri and Bohdi of Fatehabad district, through simple random sampling technique. Data were collected through interview schedule and analyzed with suitable statistical techniques. Majority of women belonged to young age group (42.5%), general caste (50.00%), joint family (50.8%), medium size family (56.7%) and were married (99.2%) and educated up to high school (38.3%). General knowledge of respondents about food and health aspects was high while specific knowledge and nutritional deficiency knowledge was found moderate to low. One fourth respondents suffered from gynecological diseases. Associations of age and caste with various health aspects were found statistically significant with place of delivery, cutting method of placenta, diseases and medical checkups during pregnancy, small family norms and work excessiveness. Education of respondents was found significantly associated with place of delivery, cutting method of placenta, diseases and medical checkup during pregnancy. Family size was found significantly associated with medical checkups during pregnancy, small family norms and work excessiveness. Respondents had high knowledge about general health aspects (42.5%) and found significantly associated with age and education, whereas specific and nutritional deficiencies knowledge was moderate (52.50% each) and found associated with education and age. Respondents from the age group of 20-25 years had good health status (61.91%) and respondents from joint family and high income group also had good health status (57.14% and 59.32%, respectively). It was concluded that there was significant impact of various socio- economic factors on health status of rural women. The findings pointed out that there is urgent need to educate women about their own health and increase their knowledge about specific and nutritional deficiencies.ThesisItem Open Access Socio-economic and psychological problems of aged men in rural community of Haryana(CCSHAU, 2018) Meenu Singh; Tyagi, RashmiThe present study entitled “Socio-economic and psychological problem of aged men in rural community of Haryana” was planned during 2017 at Department of Sociology, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar with the objectives to know the nature and extent of problems of aged men, to delineate the factors associated with the problems and to suggest suitable measures to overcome the problems. The study was carried out Haryana in district Hisar having two blocks Hansi and Hisar. There were two villages per block i.e. Dabra and Deve in Hisar and Ramayan and Dhandheri in Hansi blocks, respectively. The sample size was 30 respondents from each village with a total of 120 respondents. A well framed questionnaire and interview scheduled was followed to conduct the study. About half of the respondents belonged to young old (60-69) age group (65%). Majority of the respondents belongs to the Hindu religion and no were belongs to other religion.Half of the respondents belongs to general caste (74.2%) and 30.8 per cent of the respondents had medium land holdings. 71.7 per cent were living in joint family and around 50.8 per cent of the respondents belonged to medium family size (up to 5-8 members). Majority of the respondents were illiterates (32.5%). Maximum number of the respondents (73.3%) was in farming while 15% were retired and 8.3% were farm labor and majority of the families of the respondents were engaged in cultivation (71.7%). About 44 per cent were in the income category of Rs.1-2 lakh annually and about 72.5 per cent respondent have control on overall income.Majority of the respondents have good relationship with their wife (67.5%), son (71.7%), and son‟s family (70%).Majority of the respondents had daily exposure to television (55%), ranked first among sources of mass media exposure of respondents.About 85 per cent of the respondents were married while 0.83 per cent of the respondents were unmarried. Remaining 14.17 per cent respondents were widow, respectively.majority of the respondent spend their time in household work and playing with grand children( 26.7%) and least were involve in sitting in chaupal (1.7%). Based on the above findings it can be concluded that predictors of psychological, social, domestic, health among aged and found that, occupation, age; caste, income, education and family size, family type control on overall income were the main predictor of psychological and cultural aspect. It can be inferred that these predictor would present deterioration of status and enable the elderly to adjust better in society.ThesisItem Open Access Problems of rural and urban working women – a sociological comparative study(CCSHAU, 2018) Priyanka Rani; Tyagi, RashmiThough a number of constitutional amendments were made for women’s social, economic and political benefits but still it did not bring any radical change in their situation. The outdated family structure, patriarchal ideology of the home being a women’s ‘real domain’ and marriage being ultimate destiny has not changed much. In India working woman faces so many problems associated with her time allocation while engaging outside in income earning activities. It may be health related or physical, psychological, social and family problems etc. The present study was conducted in Hiasr-II block of Hisar district on 120 women working in government and private sectors with the aim to explore their problems. The results concluded that majority of the respondents were in 31-50 years of age belonged to general caste and nuclear families and were in government jobs. Majority of the respondents were disagreed on the statements that workplace environment was not very pleasant and safe, however majority of rural respondents also reported inappropriate work environment with lack of power-supply and heat/cold facilities. Suitable accommodation; transfer and limited participation in social network were the major social problems of rural respondents. Results highlighted that personal factors such as respondents’ education, material possession and social participation were significantly associated with social problems of respondents of both areas. Majority of the working women had to walk a long distance to the place of work. They used to travel by bus to reach the office which resulted tiredness. Severe headache, high incidence of anxiety and sleep disturbance were the psychological problems faced by rural and urban respondents. Further results revealed that non-availability of servant, overloaded work at home and role conflict were the major domestic problems felt by rural respondents. Rural working women also faced economic problems due to no other source of income and their income was entirely controlled by their family members. Factors such as respondents’ age, education, material possession and social participation were significantly associated with domestic problems among rural respondents. Regarding child care management results revealed that half of the respondents managed care of children by family members during office hours. A good percentage of working women managed child care at aganwadi, day care center and crèche etc. Majority of the respondents were satisfied by child care management.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on Suces Synthase and Aldolase from Developing Wheat Grains(College of Basic Sciences and Humanities Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, 2001) Anand, Sammita; Singh, RandhirThesisItem Open Access Screening and Evaluation of Mung (Vigne rediata (L.) Wilczec) Genotypes for their Suitability for Intercropping in Pearl Millet (Pennisetum americanum (L.( K. Schum)(College of Agriculture Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, 2001) Phogat, Brijender Singh; Chowdhury, S. L.