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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar
Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.
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ThesisItem Open Access Maximization of seed yield and quality in cowpea {Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp}(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University hisar, 2022-11) Digamber; Jakhar, S. SSeed quality is a vital factor in the crop establishment and overall performance of the crop. Cowpea is a crop which is used both as feed and fodder in India. The non-availability of quality seeds of improved varieties is a crucial factor in popularization of fodder crop. Availability of viable and vigorous seed at the planting time is important for achieving targets of agricultural production because good quality seeds act as a catalyst for exhausting the potential of other inputs. Keeping in view the seed quality, investigation was carried out in the laboratory and research farm of Department of Seed Science and Technology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during year 2019 and 2021. The cowpea variety CS-88 was used for the experiment. The seeds were treated before sowing with three different fungicides i.e. captan, vitavax and bavistin. Three different sowings were done on 30thMarch, 30thMay and 30thJune in order to study the effects of sowing dates.Crop was sprayed with three different nutritional sprays at different growth phases i.e. NPK (18:18:18), NPK (17:44:0) - Urea phosphate and NPK (0:0:50) - SOP Sulphate of potash to study the effecton seed yield and quality. The dates of sowing, seed treatments and foliar sprays have significant effect on seed yield and quality of cowpea. The maximum seed yield (7.81& 7.71 q/ha) with better seed quality was found in 30thMay sown crop followed by (6.99& 6.81 q/ha) 30thMarch sown crop. Lowest seed yield (6.69& 6.63 q/ha) along with poor seed quality was obtained in 30thJune sown crop during the year 2019 and 2021 respectively.The seeds treated with captan provided the maximum (7.76 & 7.69 q/ha) seed yield. The crop can be sprayed with NPK (18:18:18)at vegetative stage to get the higher yield.ThesisItem Open Access Maximization of seed yield and quality in cowpea {Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp}(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University hisar, 2022-11) Digamber; Jakhar, S. SSeed quality is a vital factor in the crop establishment and overall performance of the crop. Cowpea is a crop which is used both as feed and fodder in India. The non-availability of quality seeds of improved varieties is a crucial factor in popularization of fodder crop. Availability of viable and vigorous seed at the planting time is important for achieving targets of agricultural production because good quality seeds act as a catalyst for exhausting the potential of other inputs. Keeping in view the seed quality, investigation was carried out in the laboratory and research farm of Department of Seed Science and Technology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during year 2019 and 2021. The cowpea variety CS-88 was used for the experiment. The seeds were treated before sowing with three different fungicides i.e. captan, vitavax and bavistin. Three different sowings were done on 30thMarch, 30thMay and 30thJune in order to study the effects of sowing dates.Crop was sprayed with three different nutritional sprays at different growth phases i.e. NPK (18:18:18), NPK (17:44:0) - Urea phosphate and NPK (0:0:50) - SOP Sulphate of potash to study the effecton seed yield and quality. The dates of sowing, seed treatments and foliar sprays have significant effect on seed yield and quality of cowpea. The maximum seed yield (7.81& 7.71 q/ha) with better seed quality was found in 30thMay sown crop followed by (6.99& 6.81 q/ha) 30thMarch sown crop. Lowest seed yield (6.69& 6.63 q/ha) along with poor seed quality was obtained in 30thJune sown crop during the year 2019 and 2021 respectively.The seeds treated with captan provided the maximum (7.76 & 7.69 q/ha) seed yield. The crop can be sprayed with NPK (18:18:18)at vegetative stage to get the higher yield.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of seed treatments on seed quality of onion (Allium cepa L.) during storage(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2021-10) Rathi, Prashant; M.S., Puneeth RajThe present investigation was carried out at the Department of Seed Science and Technology, CCA Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar to assess “ Effect of seed treatments on seed quality of onion (Allium cepa L.) during storage”. The seeds of onion (Cv. HO-3) was treated with neem oil, nano particles, thiram and chlorpyrifos along with their combinations and stored. Secondly seeds was primed with ethanol, water, GA3, nanoparticles and Trichoderma after 10 months of storage period. All the treatments was evaluated for seed quality parameters viz. test weight (g), standard germination (%), speed of germination, seedling length (cm), seedling dry weight (mg), vigour index I & II, electrical conductivity (μS/cm/g), catalase activity (μmoles/min/g), dehydrogenase activity (ODg-1ml-1), peroxidase activity (μmoles/min/g), superoxide dismutase activity (IU/g F wt). Results revealed that seeds treated with T12 – Chlorpyrifos 20 EC + Thiram + ZnO Nano particles were found significantly higher in seed quality parameters followed by T8 - Neem oil + ZnO nano particles + Chlorpyrifos and least was found in control . Secondly seeds primed with ZnO (100 ppm) nano particles were found superior in most of seed quality parameters followed by ZnO (200 ppm) nano particles followed by T9 – ZnO (200 ppm) nanoparticles and least was found in T1 - controlThesisItem Open Access Effect of Early Heat Stress on Wheat Genotypes(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2020-02) Sharma, Sushma; Punia, R. CThe present investigation was carried out to study the effect of early heat stress on germination characters, plant growth and yield parameters along with the seed quality of progeny seeds in twelve wheat genotypes during the years 2016-2019. The seeds were germinated under four different temperatures viz. 20°C, 25°C, 30°C and 35°C and then their germination and the vigour potential was assessed after 8 days. In an another experiment, seeds of all genotypes were sown in trays containing sand, cocopeat and vermi-compost and kept in the germinators under above said temperatures continuously for 8 days. The seedlings were then transplanted in field at timely and late sown conditions and different plant growth and yield characters were recorded. The seeds obtained from these plants were further evaluated for seed quality. The results revealed that the highly significant mean squares confirmed the presence of substantial amount of variation and significant difference for all the factors involved in the study. Standard germination along with other vigour parameters were affected by different temperature treatments. Genotypic differences prevailed and the genotypes viz. WH 730, WH 1123, EC 277134 and HD 2967 maintained above 90% germination even at 35°C while PBW 725 and WH 1105 were unable to tolerate heat at the germination stage and their germination reduced drastically at higher temperatures. However, germination percentage at 20°C and 25°C was found statistically at par in all the genotypes. Other vigour parameters were maximized at 25°C. This study concluded that wheat sowing can be done at a mean temperature of around 25°C, this could be a strategy to escape the terminal heat stress by providing the crop a little more time to mature. The catalase and SOD enzymes activities continuously increased with temperature and CAT was found maximum at 35°C and SOD was maximized at 30°C, then it decreased at 35°C. In the second experiment, results revealed that plant height and tillers per plant were highest at 20°C and reduced at higher temperatures. The spike parameters increased with temperature and found highest at 35°C treatment and lowest at 20°C. The overall best performance was shown by the plants germinated at 25°C under both timely sown and late sown environments. The highest grain yield was recorded in the genotype WH 1105 under normal conditions while overall mean highest yield through all the temperatures was obtained in the genotype EC 277134. For all the characters studied, timely sown condition was found better than late sown conditions. Seeds obtained from 20°C treated plants were found best for most of the seed quality parameters. However, standard germination, root length and vigour index-II had maximum values at 25°C treatment. Seeds obtained from 35°C treatment had higher membrane integrity as shown by their lowest electrical conductivity. Treatment of heat under late sown conditions has shown thermo-priming effect and enhanced the standard germination and speed of germination of progeny seeds.ThesisItem Open Access Influence of seed treatments on quality of different aged seeds of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2021-08) Chhillar, Rahul; Mor, V. SSeed treatment is used to improve germination, field emergence under normal and stressful condition, protects germinating seeds and seedlings against soil and seed borne pathogens/insects, early and uniform establishment and growth which result in direct seed yield through its impact on seed quality and vigor of the crop plants. Present study was conducted during 2019-2021 in the laboratories and research farm of the Department of Seed Science and Technology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. To study the influence of seed treatments on quality of different aged seeds of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). The efficacy of treatments for vigour and viability of barley seed was tested in laboratory and field trials using fresh seeds, one year old seeds and two year old seeds. It was found that seed treated with Azotobacter + Phosphate solubilizing bacteria enhanced the better seed quality in terms of all parameters of fresh as well as of old seed lots of barley, and Chlorpyrifos showed negative effect on seed quality in various combinations. It is also concluded that enzymatic activities of the catalase, POX and SOD is enhanced by application of biofertilizers on barley seeds During natural ageing, standard germination, test weight, seedling length, seedling dry weight, vigour indices, speed of germination, seedling establishment and field emergence index decreased significantly and progressively with the ageing period although, after seed treatment with Azotobacter + Phosphate solubilizing bacteria in natural aged lot were improved in respect of all parameters as compared to other treatments but still the performance of old seed lot was very low with all given seed treatments. So we can recommend that always use fresh seed for sowing purpose to maintain the better plant stand in the field and biofertilizers enhanced the seed quality whereas, insecticides retard the seedling growthThesisItem Open Access Effect of high RSC water application along with FYM and gypsum on seed production of radish (Raphanus sativus L.)(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2020-01) Choudhary, Desh Raj; Avtar SinghThe experiment entitled “Effect of high RSC water application along with FYM and gypsum on seed production of radish (Raphanus sativus L.)” was conducted at Research Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India during 2017-18 and 2018-19 to find out the effect of high RSC water, farmyard manure and gypsum on growth, phenological parameters, seed yield, seed quality attributes and chemical properties of soil in radish field as well as on economics of different treatments. The treatments comprising of three levels of farmyard manure (0, 10 and 20 t/ha) and three levels of gypsum (0, 50 and 100% neutralization of RSC) were laid out in a randomized block design (factorial) with three replication keeping a net plot size of 3.0 x 3.0 m and Punjab Safed cultivar was used for this study. The application of farmyard manure and gypsum individually and in combination significantly influenced the vegetative growth, phenological parameters, seed yield, seed quality attributes and chemical properties of soil in radish crop under semi-arid conditions of Hisar. Among the interaction combinations, the plant height at 80 days after planting (cm) and at harvest (cm), number of leaves per plant at 80 days after planting, number of primary and secondary branches per plant, days to 50% flowering, days to 50% pod formation, days to maturity, number of pods per plant, pod weight (g), pod length (cm), number of seeds per pod, seed recovery (%), seed yield per plant (g), seed yield (kg/ha), seed yield (q/ha), biological yield (q/ha), harvest index (%), test weight (g), standard germination percentage, seedling length (cm), seedling dry weight (mg), vigour index-I, vigour index-II, net return (`) and benefit cost ratio were recorded significantly maximum in F2G2 treatment where farmyard manure was applied at the rate of 20 t/ha in combination with 100% neutralization of RSC by gypsum during both the years of study. Whereas, significantly minimum pH, EC (dSm-1) and ESP of soil at planting and after harvest, respectively under F2G2 treatment where farmyard manure was applied @ 20 t/ha in combination with 100% neutralization of RSC by gypsum during 2017-18 and 2018-19.ThesisItem Open Access Influence of micronutrients on seed yield, quality and its storability in coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2020-02) Ravinder Kumar; Sangwan, V.P.SThe present investigation was carried out at Research Farm and in the Laboratories of the Department of Seed Science and Technology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana during 2017-18 and 2018-19 to access the effect of micronutrients on seed yield, quality and storability in coriander. The field experiment was carried out in randomized block design with four replications. The experiment consisted of soil and foliar application of micronutrients i.e., (T1) RDF as control, (T2) RDF+ Ferrous sulphate 5 Kg/ha (Soil application), (T3) RDF+ Ferrous sulphate 7.5 Kg/ha (Soil application), (T4) RDF+ Ferrous sulphate 10 Kg/ha (Soil application), (T5) RDF+ Zinc sulphate 3 Kg/ha (Soil application), (T6) RDF+ Zinc sulphate 4 Kg/ha (Soil application), (T7) RDF+ Zinc sulphate 5 Kg/ha (Soil application), (T8) RDF+ Boric acid 2 Kg/ha (Soil application), (T9) RDF+ Boric acid 3 Kg/ha (Soil application), (T10) RDF+ Boric acid 4 Kg/ha (Soil application), (T11) RDF+ water spray, (T12) RDF+ Ferrous sulphate 0.4 % (foliar spray), (T13) RDF+ Ferrous sulphate 0.5 % (foliar spray), (T14) RDF+ Ferrous sulphate 0.6 % (foliar spray), (T15) RDF+ Zinc sulphate 0.4 % (foliar spray), (T16) RDF+ Zinc sulphate 0.5 % (foliar spray), (T17) RDF+ Zinc sulphate 0.6 % (foliar spray), (T18) RDF+ Boric acid 0.2 % (foliar spray), (T19) RDF+ Boric acid 0.3 % (foliar spray), (T20) RDF+ Boric acid 0.4 % (foliar spray). Foliar applications of micronutrients were done at 45 and 90 DAS. Results showed that, seed yield was increased significantly (16.59 and 17.27 q/ha during 2017-18 and 2018-19 respectively) when the crop received soil application with 5 kg zinc sulphate/ha (T7) over control. Application of micronutrients showed positive effect for all the growth, yield and yield attributes viz, days to 50 % flowering, days to maturity, fresh weight per plant (60, 105 DAS and at harvest), dry weight per plant (60, 105 DAS and at harvest) number of branches per plant, plant height at harvest (cm), number of umbels per plant, number of umbellets per umbel, number of seeds per umbellets, number of seeds per umbel, seed yield per hectare (q), biological yield per hectare (q) and harvest index (%). Soil application with 5 kg zinc sulphate/ha (T7) recorded significantly maximum standard germination (%), seedling length (cm), seedling dry weight (mg), vigour index – I & II, enzyme activity, speed of germination and seedling establishment. From the storage studies, it was concluded that all the seed quality parameters were decreased after 18 months of storage.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of various treatments on seed quality and storability in onion (Allium cepa L.)(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2020-09) Lokesh; Jakhar, S.SThe present study was carried out in the Department of Seed Science and Technology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar to find the effect of different fungicide treatments and containers on seed quality and storability of onion seed. The seeds of onion (variety: Hisar Onion-4) were treated with seven fungicides and eight plant oils and stored in two containers viz., cloth bag and plastic zipling bag. All the treatment combinations were evaluated for seed quality attributes viz., germination, shoot length, root length, seedling dry weight, vigour indices (I and II), electrical conductivity, seed mycoflora and field parameter viz., emergence index, and seedling establishment. All the treatments results in better performance as compared to untreated seeds. It was observed that carboxin + thiram (2g kg-1 seed) treatment was proved better as compared to other fungicides and among the different plant oils, neem oil (5ml kg-1 seed) treatment performed better than others. Among containers, plastic zipling bag was found better than cloth bag for onion seeds stored at ambient storage condition. Seed quality attributes declined with the passage of time in all the containers and treatments. The seed quality attributes i.e. electrical conductivity and seed mycoflora showed increased values with passage of storage period.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of nutrients spray on seed yield and quality of mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) during summer season(CCSHAU,HiSAR, 2021-07) Shivani; Jakhar, S. SThe seeds were treated with foliar spray of nutrients. The experiments consists of nine treatments viz., control, water spray @ 500L/ha, urea @1 and 2%, zinc sulphate, NPK @1 and 2%, sulphate of potash and urea phosphate on two varieties of mungbean i.e., MH 421 and MH 318. The present investigation was carried out in field and laboratory to meet out the objectives of research. In the field, both the varieties were sown and sprayed with nutrients at 30 DAS and 50DAS. After harvesting, seeds were treated with aluminium phosphide to prevent insect attack. The NPK treated seed of both the varieties resulted better performance in seed yield and quality parameters such as germination, mean emergence time, number of pods, speed of germination, seedling length, seedling dry weight, vigor indices, emergence index and seedling establishment as compared to control. NPK @ 2 % and ZnSO4+ urea showed significant higher values for all the seed yield and quality parameters which was followed by sulphate.of potash and urea @ 2%. The increase in yield of both varieties was recorded 25 per cent and15 per cent. Similarly, the standard germination was increased 6.5 per cent and 2.6 per cent in variety MH 421 and MH 318 respectively.
